英语书信写作指导：书信的种类精品.docx
英语书信写作指导：书信的种类、书信写作要求书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件(Private Letter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点：1) 收信人的姓名和地址;2) 寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系;3) 寄信人的地址(有时可以省略);4) 写信的时间;5) 信的内容。二、书信的格式1) 信头(Heading);2) 称呼(Salutation);3) 正文(Body of the letter);4) 结束语(Complimentary close);5) 签名(signature)。三、书信的种类1) 邀请信邀请信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于两者之间者。正式邀请信一般属于公函类，私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请挚友、熟人参与某一聚会时，再词句上不一 定多加斟酌，用词太正规倒显得关系不亲密。但是假如与被邀请人不太熟识的话，最好用正式文体。如虽相识但并不非常了解，文体可介于两个者之间。由此可见， 私人邀请原委用什么文体，关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏的程度。邀请信要明确写出活动(是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等)、活动的时间地点组织这项活动的理 由，有时还应告知对方可能出席的人，另外一般希望对方赐予答复。(1) 非正式邀请信，如：26 Coventry St.LondonSept. 15th, 1999.Dear Jack,I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.Looking forward to seeing you.LoveMary这封信是写给挚友的，所以用语比较随意，比较口语化。(2) 正式邀请信，如：Dear Ms. Gupta,It's our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary of the founding of our corporation. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our clients for both courtesy and support over the past three years. Please confirm if you plant to attend.Yours Sincerely,Lewis这是一封正式邀请信，非常正规，无论从句式，还是用语都非常讲究。(3)介于正式和非正式之间的邀请信，如：No.4 Middle SchoolBeijing 100034April 29th,2000Dear Miss Katherine,I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was Fast Reading. My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00-9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.YoursYu Hong这封信是写给一位外籍老师的，这位外籍老师曾经到过这所学校，虽然作者相识，但并不非常了解。2)感谢信感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。感谢信一般包括以下几点：对收信人的称谓;写信的目的;(Thank you for)致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等;结尾及谦称。3)求职信求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较规。信的内容大体上分为三部分：写信的目的.，自我介绍，要求。留意下面几点：写信的目的要直截了当地在信的开头提出。自我介绍部分主要介绍自己的学历、工作经验、解决问题的实力等等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的看法，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，别出心裁的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求，巧用词语，有国地劝服对方，此职非你莫属。最终提出进一步联系的途径，如：时间、地点。还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。求职信在写作特点上主要用第一人称以及动词的一般现在时。如：Ms Li LingP.O.Box 231BeijingJuly 10,1999Dear sir(s),I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. I'd like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied with my work. I am sure I'll satisfy you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college. I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.FaithfullyLi Ling4)回信写回信时应特殊留意正确理解写信人的意图、所提问题、必需对写信人的问题赐予明确的答复。如下例：No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,Jiangsu, ChinaJan.23rd, 2000Dear Jack,Thanks for your letter. Yes, I have some difficulty in learning English. For example, I can't tell the difference between written English and spoken English. Sometimes I often make mistakes while speaking to others. I want to improve my spoken English. But I don't know how. Would you please give me some advice? As you say, it is really difficult to write toe Chinese characters, but don't worry about it. Have you considered doing plenty of practice? And I suggest you write them as much as possible. I think it will be of great help. I'm looking forward to hearing from you again.Best wishes.YoursLi Ling
