拿破仑的英文简介.docx

拿破仑的英文简介拿破仑，十九世纪法国伟大的军事家、政治家，法兰西第一帝国的缔造者。历任法兰西第一共和国第一执政，法兰西第一帝国皇帝。下面是学习啦我给大家整理的拿破仑的英文简介，供大家参阅!拿破仑简介NapolonBonaparte/Italian:NapoleoneBuonaparte,August15,1769-May5,1821),NapolonI,borninCorsica,nineteenthcenturyFrancesgreatmilitarystrategist,politician,founderofthefirstempireofFrance.ServedasthefirstrulingofthefirstrepublicofFrance(1799-1984),thefirstemperorofFrance(1804-1815).NapoleononNovember6,1804crownedemperor,theRepublicintotheempire.DuringthereignoftheFrenchemperor,isalsothehistoryofCharlesIIIafterthesecondtoenjoythenameoftheFrenchemperor.HehasenactedtheNapoleonicCode,whichhasperfectedtheworldlegalsystemandlaidthesocialorderoftheWesterncapitalistcountries.ForeignforcesledbytheUnitedStates,theUnitedStates,Russiaandothercountriesoftheanti-Frenchalliance,towinmorethan50fieldoflarge-scalecampaign,aheavyblowtotheEuropeancountriesfeudalsystem,todefendtheresultsoftheFrenchRevolution.DuringhisreigninFrance,heextendedtotheNapoleonicWars,becametheProtectoroftheKingofItaly,theProtectoroftheRhineConfederation,theSwissFederalArbitrator,theFrenchEmpireColonial(includingtheFrenchcolonies,theDutchcolonies,theSpanishcolonies,etc.).Inthemostgloriousperiod,Europe,excepttheUnitedKingdom,therestofthecountrytoNapoleonsurrenderoralliance.FormedahugeNapoleonicempiresystem,creatingaseriesofmilitaryandpoliticalmiraclesandshortgloriousachievements.Napoleonabdicatedin1814andthenexiledtoElbaIsland.Aftertheestablishmentofthe100thdynastyin1815againafterthedefeatofWaterloowasexiled.May5,1821,NapoleondiedinSt.HelenaIsland.In1840,hiscoffinwasgreetedinParis,France,agrandburiedintheFrenchbanksoftheSeineRiverinParis(theoldhospitalinParisdisabled).拿破仑为政举措politicalLaunchedacoup,seizedpower,achievedacentralizedmonarchy,developedcapitalism,protectedthebourgeoisie.Napoleonwasawell-deservedbourgeoisrevolutionist.Herepeatedlyrepulsedanti-Frenchcoalitioninvasionandrepressionofreactionaryrebellionsathomeandabroad,protectedtheresultsoftheFrenchRevolution,overthrewtheoldautocraticregime.NapoleondefendedtheresultsoftheFrenchRevolutionduringtheGreatRevolutionandprotectedthevestedinterestsofthebourgeoisrevolutionintheFrenchrepublic.Makingthe1815Frenchmonarchdespoticfinallyrestoredwhenthepeoplewereopposed.Napoleonsrulingmeasuresnotonlyhadafar-reachingimpactinFrance,butalsoaffectedhisconquest.Napoleonthroughthecampaign,theFrenchbourgeoisrevolutionvictoryfruitspreadtovaryingdegreestotheFrenchwhereverhewent.ThesocialimpactoftheFrenchbourgeoisrevolutionhasbecomeanoverwhelmingforceinthedevelopingcountriesofWesterncapitalism.Napoleonmadeanimportantcontributioninlayingthebourgeoispoliticalsystemandpromotingthedevelopmentofcapitalism.NapoleonsdominanceisaconcentratedexpressionoftheFrenchbourgeoisnature,andhisdomesticandforeignpoliciesrepresenttheinterestsofthebourgeoisieandprotectthecapitalisteconomicbase.NapoleonalsohasahugeindirectimpactonthehistoryofLatinAmerica.HisinvasionofSpainweakenedthestrengthofthelocalgovernment,sothatitwillnotcontrolitscoloniesinLatinAmericainthenextfewyears.Basedonthecurrentactualperiodofautonomy,theindependentmovementofLatinAmericabegan.Inaddition,NapoleonwasthefirsttoputforwardtheideaoftheUnitedStatesofEuropa,andtriedtoachievethroughtheforceofpeople.Althoughhedidnotsucceedinachievingthisdream,butthetwenty-firstcentury,Europeismovingtowardsthegoalofintegration.Economy1.EconomicliberalismandstateinterventionTheliberalizationofagricultureandtrade(inthelateimperialinterventioninthestate),thegovernmentcantakeaseriesofmeasuresasneeded.Setupaseriesofeconomicassociationstoguidethesupervisionofeconomicactivities.1801setuptheNationalEconomicAssociation,1803setupmanufacturingassociations,setupin1810factoryworkshopmanagementcommittee,setupin1811MinistryofIndustryandCommerce.Restorationofindustrialexhibitionstoencouragethedevelopmentofanimalhusbandry,breedinghorses,cattleandotherlivestock,toencouragethecultivationofpotatoes,beets,cotton.Theeconomybecomesapoliticalsubsidiary,andalleconomicactivitiesaresubjecttopoliticalneeds.2.EstablishabanktorectifythefinancialsystemIn1998,fiscalreformwascarriedouttoraisetaxessuchaslandtaxandrealestatetax.In1800foundedtheFrenchbank,unifiedcurrency,toencouragethedevelopmentofcapitalistindustryandcommerce.Thisseriesofinitiativesisconducivetothestabilityofthemilitaryandthedevelopmentofcapitalism.3.TariffProtectionandMainlandEconomicBlockadePolicyNapoleonscontinentaleconomicblockadepolicywasdetrimentaltothesubsequentdevelopmentoftheEuropeancontinent,butwhencapitalismwastakingrootinWesterncountries,thecontinentaleconomicblockadeprotectedtheearlydevelopmentofcapitalism.NapoleonistherepresentativeoftheFrenchbigbourgeoisie,heusedthemainlandeconomicblockadepolicytoprotecttheFrenchbourgeoisiedominance.4.IndustrialRiseandRewardPolicyAtthebeginningofthe19thcentury,Franceopenedthepreludetotheindustrialrevolution.Napoleonhasalwaysbeentheattitudeoftheindustrialrevolution.AtthattimetheFrenchcottontextileindustrywastheriseofthepurchaseofalargenumberofBritishJennymachine,productionincreasedbyfourtimes.LawIn1804promulgatedtheNapoleonicCode(theCivilCode),issuedin1807,CommercialCode,issuedin1810,CriminalCode,thesestatutesbecamethemoderncapitalistlegalsystemoflegalnorms.NapoleonCodewasoriginallyknownastheCivilCodeoftheRepublicofFrance,isatypicalbourgeoiscivilcode,dividedintothree,35chapters,2281,theCodewasintroducedin1804,mostofthetermsNapoleonpersonallyinvolvedinthediscussion,Napoleonhadattendedmorethan90timesatthe100meetingsoftheCivilCode,andtheNapoleonicCodewasnolongersimplyalegalwork,butadistinctiveeraandpoliticalcolor,BecauseofNapoleonmadeoutstandingcontributions,FrenchCivilCodeisalsoknownasNapoleonCode.NapoleonCodeincludescriminallaw,criminalprocedurelaw,civillaw,civilprocedurelaw,constitution,commerciallaw,theestablishmentofarelativelycompletelegalsystem,constitutetheNapoleoniceraandevenforalongtimeintheFrenchsixlawsystem.TheenactmentofthesestatuteshasgreatlycontributedtothelegalnormsofFrenchlegalsocietyatthattimeandforalongtimetocome.NapoleonCodealsoincludespropertyrights,claims,marriage,inheritance,andmanypeoplestillusetheconceptofcivillaw,isthefirsttothebasicprinciples,theessenceofintegritytomoderncivilsociety.NapoleonCode,inthelawtoprotectthenewlyestablishedsmalllandtenure.Whichensuredthesacredinviolabilityoftheownershipofprivateproperty,establishedthecommoditytradeandtheorderofvalueunderthemarketeconomy,andfurtherdisseminatedthefruitsoftheFrenchbourgeoisrevolutionandmaintainedthebasichumanrightsoftheFrenchordinarypeople.Itisbecauseofthis,manypeoplethinkthatNapoleonCodeisanimportantsymbolandproductoftheendoftheFrenchrevolution,thebasichumanrightsintheDeclarationofHumanRightsonpropertyrightsandreputation.TheNapoleonicCodewaspracticedintheterritoryoccupiedbytheNapoleonicArmy,soitwaswidelycirculatedinhistory,andallthelawsoftheEuropeancapitalistcountriesalmostallborrowedthecode,whichregulatedthesocialorderoftheWesterncapitalistcountries,Theinterestsofthebourgeoisie,embodiestheprinciplesoftheFrenchRevolution,theessence,WhenNapoleonwasdefeatedandexiledtoSt.Helena,hesaid,Iamtrulyglorious,notthefortyvictories(morethanfiftytimes),andtheWaterloowarhaswipedoutallaboutitAllthememory,butonethingisnotforgottenbypeople,itwillbeimmortal-thatismyFrenchCivilCode.ScienceandeducationDuringtheFirstEmpireofFrance,theretentionofthenationaleducationsystemwasestablished,theestablishmentofpublicschoolsandtheUniversityofFrancetocultivatetalentstoencouragetheriseofscientificresearchandtechnologyeducation.InDecember1797,fromtheItaliantriumphofNapoleonwasawardedthetitleoftheAcademyofFranceacademician.NapoleonexpeditiontoEgyptalsosetuptheEgyptianAcademyofSciences,theappointmentofdeanasdean,sincethevicepresident,andoftentheAcademyofSciencesgatheredtodiscusstheissue.TheexpeditionopenedthescientificresearchofancientEgyptiancivilization,manypreciousculturalrelics,mineralsandfloraandfaunawereshippedtoFrance,thefamousRosettastoneisfoundintheexpedition.Napoleonisextremelyconcernedaboutthecauseofscienceandculture.Aftertakingoffice,heregularlyattendedthemeetingoftheInstitute,invitedtheacademicianstoreportonscientificprogress,manyawardsawardedtoscientists,includingVolt,Davidandotherforeignscientists.Intheearlydaysofhisadministration,hedividedthetwosidesintothefoundationandapplicationofthePolytechnic,Artillery,RoadandBridgeandothercollegesanduniversities(theuniversity).ParisPolytechnicwasoriginallybornintheRepublicansystem,Napoleoncoronationoftheemperor,intheseconddayoftheparade,willbeembroideredwithforthemotherland,scienceandhonor,afewwordsofthebanners,personallyawardedtoparticipateinthereviewofthePolytechnicOfthestudents,thuswinningtheirloyalty.Napoleoneachtimesetoff,havegraduatesofPolytechnictofollow.InthefirstempireofFrance,Polytechnicgraduates,andlaterbecametheFrenchAcademyofSciencesonthe16people.NapoleonsconcernforthecauseofscienceandculturehascontributedtotheprosperityoftheFrenchscience.ItcanbesaidthattheNapoleonicerawasoneofthemostabundantscientificachievementsinFrenchhistory.Laplacas,Lagrangian,Mongolian,SadiCarnot,Fourier,GayLusack,Lamarck,Juweileavesalargenumberofdazzlingscientificstars.Napoleonreorganizedtheinstitute,makingittheofficialrepresentativeoftheFrenchcultureandservingthenationalinterest.Inthelightoftheblueprintdrawnbyenlightenmentthinkers,theInstitutesincetheFrenchRevolutionwasunderthenationaleducationsystem,whileNapoleonlaidthenationaleducationsystemthatcontinuedthecentralizedmanagementsofar.Amongthem,theuniversityistomonitortheentireeducationsystemandtheestablishmentofthecentralauthoritieshaveabsolutecontrol.Theheadofstatedirectlyappointeddirector,directoroftheuniversitydistrict,bytheschooldistrictgovernormanagement,supervisionofthecitysuniversitiesandprimaryandsecondaryschools.Teachersbecomepartofthenationalbureaucracy,thusrealizingthestatesmonopolyoneducation.In1808,Napoleonorderedtherestorationofhighernormalschoolstobecomeamodelschooldedicatedtothedevelopmentofnationalsecondaryschoolteachers.Theeducationofvocationalandspecializedschoolstrainedwell-trainedstaffforthearmyandgovernment.Centralizedscienceandeducationsystemtoacertainextent,topromotescientificprosperity,butscientificresultscanonlybefullyappliedtothewholesocietyinordertotrulyrealizethecountrysstrong.拿破仑人物评价Hugo:failedtoturnthelosersbecomemorenoble,downtheBonaparteseemstobeevenhigherthantheNapoleonevenhigher.NapoleonisthewarofMichelangelo.Heisthemasterofthereconstructionoftheruinsofthemaster,isCharlietheGreat,LouisXI,HenryIV,Richelieu,LouisXIV,thesuccessorofthePublicSecurityCommittee,hecertainlyhasablemish,thereisnodoubt,evenevil,thatheIsaman;butheisstillsolemninthenegligence,inthestainisstillexcellent,intheevilisstillamaleonly.Stern:Nooneinthisworldcanbecomparedwithhim,Napoleonistoprovetotheworld:afterafewcenturies,CaesarandAlexanderfinallysucceeded.Goethe:Inmyopinion,NapoleonsfairytaleislikeJohnRevelation,andeveryonefeelsthatthereissomethinghidden,butwillnotknowwhatitis.OnthedaywhenNapoleonfailedinLeipzig,GoetonwroteaclassicpoemforNapoleonforhundredsofyears:Heroesareloftyintheirhearts,andtheysetsailtowardthethrone.Hegel:thebalanceoftheworldisbecausethereistheexistenceofGod,thereasonwhythebalanceoftheEuropeanscales,becausethereNapoleon,NapoleonisthepresenceofGod.Marx:Napoleonhaslearnedthetruenatureofthemodernstate;hehasunderstoodthattheunimpededdevelopmentofthebourgeoisregimeandthefreemovementofprivateinterestsarethebasicmanifestationsofthesecountries,hedecidedtorecognizeandprotectthisfoundation.Engels:bringhiscodetothecountryheconquered,andthiscodeismuchbetterthanthepreviouscode,anditrecognizesequalityinprinciple.Churchill:NooneintheworldisgreaterthanNapoleon.RomanRoland:short,pale,seeminglydarkattheendoftheeye,athickblackhair.Oftenwearingafloatingblackrobe,withathickbelttied,likepilgrimslike.Nottrendy,nortocomplywiththenarrowrulesofsociety.Sittinginachairuncomfortable,butoftencross-leggedonthestool,orperchedinthewindowsill;sometimeslivelyandlaughing,sometimessankinhesitation.Inshort,abigdreamerlivinginadream.Lenin:ThewaroftheFrenchRevolutionwasatfirstthewarofliberation,andindeeditneededsuchawar.Thesewarswereinherentlyrevolutionary,protectingthegreatrevolutionarymovementagainsttherebelmonarchy.WhenNapoleonestablishedtheNapoleonicEmpire,enslavedmanyofEuropeslong-established,viablenation,thestate,theFrenchnationalistwarbecametheimperialcapitalistwar,andthisaggressionandexpansionofthewarhasbecomeopposedNapoleonicEmpiresystemofself-defensefightback.LiddellHart:Threedecadeshavepassed,andagreatwarpreludebegantoopen.NapoleonBonapartesgeniusmadethewarshine.Asinthelastcentury,FranceposedaseriousthreattotherestofEurope,makingthesecountriesunitedagainstit.However,thedevelopmentofthiswarisdifferentfromthepast.AftertherevolutioninFrancethereweremanysympathizers,buttheywereneithernationalauthoritiesnornationalones.WhenFrancebegantowaralone,itwasforcedtobeisolatedfromothernations,asifitwereaninfectiousdisease.However,Francenotonlydefeatedthekindofjointforcesthatwantedtoputittodeath,butalsoformedaseriousmilitarythreattootherEuropeancountriesaftertherevolution,andeventuallybecamethemasterofalargepartofEurope.ZhouEnlai:theheroofthetimes,ifitisalsoitspublic,butnotmytheoryinXiangYu,Napoleonalso.Husbandtwooftheworldsstrangegeekalso.Withtheannexationofeightheartoftheheart,all-powerfulwind;Yongcrownmillionhusband,wisdomextraordinaryvulgar;invincible,attackalltake;enemyofthesmelloftheshock,womenandchildrenthinkingandchic;underthecentury,still懔懔Thereisanger,notjustIofthemaleKazuya!Iftherelationshipbetweentheadvanceandretreatoftheworld,theriseandfallofmankind,notamomentHaojun,twoorthreescholarscanbethesameday.Althoughtheemperorsrespect,thepowerofreligion,thetrendofmoney,easytoeasy.Sothesecondofthosewho,myso-calledheroesofthetimesalsomade.Apersonshoulddevelopthehabitofrelyingontheirown,eveninthemostcriticaltime,butalsotobelievetheircourageandperseverance.GeorgeLefebvre(Frenchbourgeoishistorian):NapoleongaveitawholesetofadministrativeinstitutionswhenthenewnationaftertheFrenchRevolutionhadnotyetbeenfinalized,whichwasclearlyamasterpieceofthemaster.TheFrenchRevolutionin1789hadforcedthebourgeoisietogainpower,butthenthedemocraticforcesofthefightagainstthem,undertheprotectionoftheemperor,theupstartwasabletokeeptheregime,toproliferateitswealthandexpanditspower;Thethreatofthepoor,theyarepreparedtoownthestagetorule,andtorestoreliberalism.InEurope,thespreadofFrance,theinfluenceofBritain,thedevelopmentofcapitalism,andtheconsequentgrowthofthebourgeoisie,allleadtothesameconsequences,NapoleonshooktheoldsystemofEuropeancountries,andmodernEuropeancountriesTheprinciplesoftheneworderextendedtootherpartsofEurope,greatlyacceleratingtheprocessofthisevolution.Thevigorousdevelopmentoftheculture,thedeclarationofthepeoplessovereignty,thespreadofromanticismandsoallindicatetheawakeningofnationalism,Napoleonsterritorialadjustmentandvariousreformstopromotethisawakening.Napoleonspersonalinfluenceisprecious,butonlytofollowthehistoricaltrendofpromotingtheprocessofEuropeancivilization,hisinfluencecanplayarole.ZhangZhilian(Chinesehis