2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit6-单元知识点总结与练习（无答案）.doc

2014. 4.232020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册 Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.Section A (I) 本单元常考短语（必记）： once upon a time 从前 instead of 代替、反而 turn.into 变成 get married 结婚 be born 出生 as soon as 一.就、尽快必背句子 As soon as the man finished talking，Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. 这个人一说完，愚公就说，他死后他的家人将继续移山 Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 因为它们如此之大，以至于花了很长时间走到另一边。 He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail. 他不能把自己变成人，除非他能隐藏他的尾巴。我们熟知的那些故事 Journey to the west西游记 Yu Gong Moves a Mountain 愚公移山 Hou Yi Shoots the Suns 后羿射日 Nu Wa Repairs the Sky 女娲补天一、An old man tried to move the mountains. 一位老人试图移山。 try是动词，意为“试图，设法” 如：我正设法算出这道数学题。 动词try还表示“试”、“尝试”，“试用” 你试过种药了吗？ 拓展：try搭配的词组：try to do sth设法做某事；try doing sth 尝试做某事 try ones best尽全力；have a try试一下。try on试穿；try out尝试，实验；小试牛刀1：翻译1. 我们的老师总是尝试一些新的想法。2. Lucy将尽力赶上其他同学。3. 让我试一下。2、 Hou Yi shoots the suns. 后羿射日 Shoot “射击、发射” 其过去式和过去分词都是shot，现在分词为shooting Shoot the arrow at the target 有的放矢区分：A hunter shot a bird 猎人击中了一只鸟 Look！ A hunter is shooting at a bird .Can he shoot it ？ 瞧！猎人正在瞄准一只鸟，他能击中它吗？Shoot“打死（某人或某物）”强调结果Shoot at “向（某人或某物）”开火，射击 （强调动作） 3、 How does the story begin？故事是怎样开始的？ 1、与how 有关的短语：how big多大、how far多远、 how soon多久、how long 多长、how often多少一次、how wide 多宽、how manymuch多少 小试牛刀：翻译 1.这条街多宽？ 2.从车站到超市多远？ 2、begin 过去式began 过去分词 begun 4、 Finally, a god was moved by yu gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away. 最后，上帝被愚公感动了，于是派了两个神仙移走了大山。 1、was moved “被感动” I was moved by the sad story. 我被这个悲伤的故事感动了。 moving “感人的” 在句中作表语或者定语 The movie is moving 这部电影是感人的 2、take. away “带走、拿走” Who took away my pen？ 3、so.that 如此.以至于 引导结果状语从句 so that 以便、为了 引导目的状语从句So.that 与 too.to 请比较： He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他如此生气以至于说不出一句话。 He was too angry to say a world 他太生气而不能说一句话。So .that 与 such . That so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句，如： This story is so interesting that I want to read it again. 这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。 He spoke so quickly that I couldnt follow him. 他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他。 so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词不可数名词+that+从句，如果句中的名词是单数可数名词，其前就要用不定冠词a或an，如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词，前面就不用冠词，如： She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves him 她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。 such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句，如： She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her. 她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。 It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again. 这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。 such+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句，如： He showed such concern that people took him to be a relative. 他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。总结：so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。小试牛刀： sothat 、suchthat、so that、too.to的用法练习题一用so,such填空1. he was_excited that he couldnt get sleep2. this teacher is_kind that we all like him3. he ran_quickly that we all couldnt catch up with him4. this is_interesting a book that we all ebjoy reading it5. they are_intereting books that we all enjoy reading them6. he has_many books that I cant count them7. this is_ an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it二填空（每空一词）1. The little boy saved every coin_ _he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day .当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以致于大喊大叫。2. When the football fans saw Beckham, they got_excited_they cried out.3. . David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (变为简单句) David was_careless_find the mistakes in his test paper.5、 This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，你永远不能知道什么是可能的，除非你试图让它发生。 1、remind “提醒、使想起” remind +sb +that从句/what 从句 “提醒某人去做某事”或者“使某人想起去做某事”。 Would you please remind him that our meeting has been put off？ 请你提醒他我们的会议推迟了好吗？ remind 常与介词about或者of 连用 ， remind sb of/about sth “是某人想起.” I want to remind you of the rules for school parties. 关于学校晚会，有几个规定我想提醒你们 Did you remind him about that book he borrowed？ 你提醒过他借走的那本书了吗？2、 unless “除非.” 引导条件状语从句 You never play well unless you practice more. 你若不多加练习永远都弹不好。 If 和 unless引导的条件状语从句一、学习if引导的条件状语从句的用法，我们可先从如下的口诀入手： If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间； 条件句，放在前，逗号要句中间 条件句表可能，主句多用将来时； 条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。We can walk there if we cant find a bus. 如果我们找不到公车，也能走路去那里主句 条件状语从句If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去动物园条件状语从句 主句What will you go if you find someone in danger? 主句 条件状语从句If 条件句有不同的类型，简述如下： 1. 用if条件句表达客观真理或普通现象 If条件句用于表达客观真理或普通现象时，主，从句时态均用一般现在时，如： If you freeze water, it turns into ice. 2. 用if 条件句表示将来可能发生的事情 在表示将来可能发生的事情的if条件句中，主句用一般将来时，而if从句用一般现在时表示将来的时间，即主将从现 If I like the house, I will buy it. 如果我喜欢这房子，我就会把它买下 I will tell her if I see her. 如果我见到她，我就会告诉她。 主句中的will也可以用情态动词can, may 或might等代替。如： Eg. If they are friendly，I might invite them to the party. 如果他们很友善，我可能会请他们去参加聚会 If we hurry now, we can stop for coffee later. 如果我们现在抓紧时间，就可以稍后去喝咖啡注意：在条件句中，主句部分只能使用动词will的一般将来时，不能使用be going to的结构二、 Unless 的条件句表示在特定条件下，才决定做或不做一件事，中文用的连接词一般是“除非”和“否则”。如：除非刮台风，否则演唱会将如期进行。在英语中，我们可以用unless表达这个意思，相当于if not。以这个句子为例： The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon. = the concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon 例2：她会一直唱下去，除非有人叫她停止 She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. = she will keep on singing if she is not told to stop 也可以用or(否则) 来做同义句转换Unless you listen carefully, you wont know the answer. = if you dont listen carefully, you wont know the answer.= you should listen carefully, or you wont know the answer.小试牛刀1. If I _ his phone number, I will tell you.A. find B. found C. will find D. have found2. We will go camping if it _ tomorrow.A. Wont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt raining3. Im waiting for my friend. If he _, I _ swimming alone.A. doesnt come; will go B. wont come; will go C.will come; wont go D. dont come; will go4. _ you go to the supermarket at 7 p.m, you can buy a lot of cheap food.A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. When5. I wont get to the party on time _ I catch the first train tomorrow morning.A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. When6. -Shall we go on a picnic this weekend? -Good idea! Unless it _.A. rains B. doesnt rain C. rain D. wont rain7. -Can I change the jacket for another one _ it doesnt fit me well? - Of course.A. unless B. if C. that D. though8. Nobody can learn maths well he works hard on it.A if B unless C thought D however9. If fish away from water, they die.A are taking, wont B are taken, will C are being taken, will D take, wont10. Each student can ask teachers for help if he how to work out the problem.A will know B wont know C dont know D doesnt know6、 I think its a little bit silly. 我认为他有点儿愚蠢。a little bit “有点儿”后面更形容词。 Jack is a little bit selfish. 杰克有点自私.7、 It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain. 移山似乎是不太可能的。seem 此处为连系动词“似乎、好像”后跟形容词作表语。He seems very angry.“主语+seem+（to be）+表语”表语对为名词或者形容词，以说明主语的特征状态。 Tom seems to be a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。 “主语+seem+不定式” 次句型中，seem 与不定式构成复合谓语 The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢 “it seems +that 从句” 其中it 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句。 It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎没人知道在公园里发生了什么。 “there +seem to be +名词”，to be 可省略，seem 的单复数要根据后面的名词决定。 There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看来我们战胜那个对没多大的希望。8、 But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard. 但这个故事试图告诉我们，如果你去努力，一切皆有可能。 possible 可能反义词impossiblepossible 常用以下结构 it is possible （for sb）to do sth. It is possible for the train to be late. 火车有可能晚点 it is possible +that 从句 It is possible that the train is late. 火车有可能晚点 as.as possible 尽可能. if possible 如果可能的话9、 Yu gong kept trying and didnt give up. 愚公一直尝试，没有放弃 Keep doing sth “一直/继续不停地做某事” She kept working although she was tired. 10、 But what could yu gong do instead of moving the mountains ? 但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？ 1、instead of 介词短语“代替.，而不是.” instead of doing sth “代替做某事” She went to school instead of staying at home.2、 instead of 与instead Instead of “代替、而不是”后面跟名词、代词或者动名词 instead “代替、反而” 作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末 Lets play chess instead of watching TV. I didnt have breakfast so I ate an apple instead. 11、 You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong. 对于这个故事，你们有不同的观点，并且你们两人都是对的。 1、opinion 与advice opinion作可数名词“意见、看法”只对某一事物的看法、意见。 advice 不可数名词“建议、劝告”指提出善意或者建设性的忠告或意见。 a piece of advice 一个忠告 You should ask the opinion of the doctor 你应当征求医生的意见。 2、neither of “两者都不”作主语时谓语动词要用单数，但在口语中也可当作复数。 Neither of the cars was damaged. 两部车都没有受损。 拓展：both of 两者都 either of 两者中的任何一个 bothand “既又” , 谓语动词一定要用复数 neithernor “既不也不”, 谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，就近原则 either or “或者或者”谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致，即就近原则 注意：neither nor 是both and 的否定形式。小试牛刀：根据汉语意思，用either/neither与either.or/neither.nor或both填空。他们两人都不喝咖啡。_ of them drinks coffee.他不在家就在学校。He is _ at home _ in the school.不是Lucy就是:Lily会游泳。_ Lucy _ Lily can swim.我爸爸和我妈妈都不在家。_ my dad _ my mum is at home.Tom既不高也不矮。Tom is _ tall_ short.他不是学生。我也不是。He isnt a student.Im not,_ .这两 张书桌都不是新的。_ of the two books is new.他既不会打篮球，也不会踢足球。 He can_ play basketball_ play football.12、 This is because he can make 72changes to his shape and size，turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他能根据它的形状和大小，做出72种变化，把自己变成不同的动物和物体。 1、this is because.“这是因为.”，后面跟原因或者理由。 This is why. “这就是为什么”，后面跟的是结果。 Tom overslept this morning . This is why he was late for work. 汤姆今天早上睡过头了，这就他上班迟到的原因。 2、turn.into. “使.变成” Please turn this into English 请把这个翻译成英语。13、 And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years old, western children became interested in reading this story because the clever monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up. 30多年前这个电视节目一推出，西方的孩子对读这个故事很感兴趣，因为聪明的美猴王一直与邪恶斗争，帮助弱者，并从不放弃。 1、come out “推出、出版、发行” His new book will come out next month. 拓展：come out 多种常见的其他意思 “出来、出现” The stars came out as soon as it was dark. “开花、发芽” Some flowers have hegun to came out. “透露、传出、（真相）大白” The truth has come out at last. 真相终于大白了。 2、more than “多于、超出”相当于over 其反义词短语less than “少于、不到” I have known David for more than 20years. 3、become interested in “对.感兴趣”相当于be interested in I became interested in piano. 4、western 形容词“西方的”； weak“虚弱的”14、 Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 因为它们如此大，以至于花了很长时间走到另一边。 It takes （sb）+ 时间/金钱+to do sth “花费某人多少时间做某事” 复习：spend It took him two hours to finish the work（用spend 换）15、 The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married. 这对新婚夫妇如此开心，以至于结婚时都止不住的笑。 1、cant stop doing sth. “禁不住做.” The children couldnt stop opening the presents. 2、get married “结婚”get married to sb “和某人结婚” He wants to get married to a doctor. Marry sb “与某人结婚/嫁给某人” Mr. White is going to marry an actress. 巩固练习一、单项填空。（ ）1.She bought a digital camera online she would save a lot of time. A.so that B.as soon as C.no matter D.such that ( ) 2. Once upon a time, an old man tried _ the mountains. A not move B not to move C moving D to move( ) 3. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji. A do B did C doing D are doing( ) 4. Ill phone you as soon as I _. A get to home B got to home C get home D got home ( ) 5.You cant cross the street now. You have to wait _ the traffic lights turn green. A when B after C until D while（ ）6.The writers new book will _ next month. A come in B come on C come out D come into（ ）7. Some parents make their children _ chores at home. A to do B do C doing D does（ ）8. We couldnt help _ when we heard the funny story. A laugh B laughing C laughs D to laugh（ ）9. -What about the food on the plate? -It _ delicious. A smelling B smelt C smells D is smelt( ) 10.MayIhavearest?Ihavealreadyfinished_thereport. A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.written( ) 11.Teresais_nervous_shecanttalkinfrontofthe class. A. such;thatB.too;toC.so;that( )12.Iaskedtwopeoplethewaytothestation,but_ofthemcouldhelpme. A.bothB.neitherC.eitherD.all( ) 13.I_myhomeworkassoonasIgothomelastnight. A.do B.did C.willdo D.amdoing( )14.Peterisseriouslyill.SoIwillattendthemeeting_. A.instead B.insteadhim C.insteadof D.insteadsof( ) 15.-MayIgotoJinbaoParkwithyounextSunday? _No,youcant,_youhaveaticket.Ihaveonlyoneticket. A.If B.until C.unless D.assoonas（ ）16. _fine day it is today! Yes,the sunshine is_beautiful that Id like to go swimming in the sea. A. How, such B. What a, very C. How, so D. What a, so （ ）17.The camera is _