2021高三化学人教版一轮课件：第6章 第3节 电解池 金属的腐蚀与防护 .ppt

,第六章化学反应与能量,第三节电解池金属的腐蚀与防护,2,3,必备知识关键能力,4,电流,氧化反应,还原反应,5,6,把电能转化为化学能,外接直流电源,熔融电解质,闭合回路,7,8,负极,阴极,阳极,不能,阴极,阳极,正极,阳,负,9,10,11,4H4e=2H2,4OH4e=2H2OO2,大,H2O,12,小,2H2e=H2,2Cl2e=Cl2,大,HCl(卤化氢),H22OH,13,2Cu24e=2Cu,4OH4e=O22H2O,小,CuO(金属氧化物)或CuCO3,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,2Cl2e=Cl2,氧化,还原,2H2e=H2,50,用湿润的KI淀粉试纸靠近阳极附近，,若试纸变蓝，证明生成了Cl2,阴,NaOH,51,52,OH,2NaOHCl2=NaCl,NaClOH2O,饱和食盐水,稀NaOH溶液,稀的食盐水,浓NaOH溶液,Cl2,H2,53,54,55,2Cl2e=Cl2,2Na2e=2Na,56,6O212e=3O2,4Al312e=4Al,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,失去电子,金属阳离子,81,电解质溶,液,无,有,氧化,氧化,电化学,82,水膜酸性较强(pH4.3),水膜酸性很弱或呈中性,83,Fe2e=Fe2,2H2e=H2,O22H2O4e,=4OH,Fe2H=Fe2H2,2FeO22H2O=,2Fe(OH)2,吸氧腐蚀,84,85,86,原电池,负极,正极,电解,阴极,阳极,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,学科素养应用创新,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,课堂反馈真题验收,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,点击右图进入,Thankyouforwatching!,