人教版英语八年级下册Unit 3 导学案.docx

人教版英语八下 Unit 3 导学案重点短语a waste of time浪费时间 all day/ evening整日/夜all the time一直;总是 come over过来depend ont依赖;依靠 develop children s independence发展孩子的独立性do chores做杂务 do housework做家务 do one s part in( doing)sth做某人分内的事 do the dishes洗餐具enough stress足够的压力 finish doing sth完成做某事fold the clothes叠衣服get a ride搭车 get good grades取得好成绩get something to drink拿点喝的东西 go out for dinner出去吃饭go to the movies去看电影 help sb.(to)do/ with sth帮助某人干某事in order to为了 in surprise惊讶地invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会 look after/ take care of照顾;照看make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 make the bed整理床铺share the housework分担家务 shout back大声回应stay out late在外面待到很晚 sweep the floor扫地take out the rubbish倒垃圾 throw down扔下walk away走开词法精选1. borrow和lend(1) borrow表示“借;借用”，是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借过来”。如: We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。 I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher我从老师那儿借来了这本词典。(2)end表示“借给;借出”，是把自己的东西借给别人，即我们通常所说的“借出去”。如Thank you for lending me your bike谢谢你把自行车借给我。He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。2. provide提供;供给(1) provide意为“提供”常用结构: provide sb. with sth.，相当于provide sth. for sb.。如He provides six poor children with food and clothesHe provides food and clothes for six poor children他给六个穷孩子提供食物和衣服。(2)同义词 offers侧重表示“主动提供”，常用于 offer sb.sth./ offer sth.tosb.主动提供某人某物。offer to do sth.主动提出做某事， offer)后不能接宾语从句。如She offered me a cup of tea她给我端了杯茶。3. since自.以来(表示一段时间)(1) Since作连词时，意为“自.以、来;从后”，引导时间状语从句。如 It is two years since we visited your mother自从我们看望你母亲以来有两年了。 He has learned some Chinese songs since he came to China自从他来到中国，他已经学了一些中文歌曲。(2) since作连词时，还意为“由于;因为;既然”，引导原因状语从句。如since we dont have money, we cant buy a house由于我们没有钱，我们买不起一座房子。 Since everyone is here, lets begin the meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开始开会吧。语气没有 because强烈，提一下大家都知道的原因。4.drop和fallfall为不及物动词，意为“落下;跌落”。The leaves fall in autumn树叶在秋天落下。 The old man fell off the bike and hurt himselffall off= fall down from jump off=jump down from老人从自行车上掉下来，伤了他自己。(2)drop意为“落下;掉下”，既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。如(1 The bottle dropped and broke into pieces.瓶子掉下了，摔成碎片He always played computer games andhis grades dropped他老是玩电脑游戏，他的成绩下降了He dropped his pen yesterday昨天他掉了钢笔。句法精析She didnt do any housework and neither did I她没有做家务，我也没有做。(1) neither作代词时，常与of连用，意为“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词单复数皆可，但在正式文体中，常用单数。如Neither of the cars was/were broken两部车都没有破。 Neither of the answers is/are right这两个答案都不对。(2) neither of的反义词组为 both of，其后的谓语动词必须用复数。如Both of my parents are teachers我父母都是老师。2. Anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult反正我觉得做家务也不太难。(1) anyway是一个副词，若位于句首，其后往往会有逗号将其与句子的其他内容隔开。anyway在此句中的作用是追加评论，意为“而且;加之;反正”。如Anyway, Im free now. Let me go with you我反正现在闲着没事，就陪你走一趙吧。(2) any way还可意为“不管怎样;无论如何”。如Anyway, the news seems to be good for you.无论如何，这个消息对你来说是好的。(3)The earlier kids earn to be independent, the better it is for their future孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越越”如(1) The more we do for others, the happier we be我们为别人做得越多，我们就越幸福(2) The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make你越仔细，犯的错误就会越少。语法精讲1.情态动词 could表示请求和建议(1) could可以表示有礼貌地请求和请求允许比can更委婉客气，而要用can。如-could you(please)help me carry the bag?你能帮我提袋子吗?Sure, Id love to. /Sorry, I cant当然，我很乐意。/对不起，我不能。2-could I use your phone?我能用你的手机吗?Yes, you can. /No, you cant.是的，可以。/不，不可以请求别人不要做某事，可用 Could you please not do sth.?请你不要(做).好吗?如Could you please not smoke here?请你不要在这里抽烟好吗?回答可说:Sory， I won t.对不起，我不会了(2) could可以表示建议。如You could visit the sick kids in the hospital and cheer them up你可以去医院看望那些生病的孩子并且使他们高兴起来。 The girl could volunteer in an after school study program to teach kids这个女孩可以自愿在课外学习班教孩子。2.动词不定式(1)作宾语。如I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.(第一个动词不定式作宾语)我想把去一家动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。 We decided to put up signs around the school我们決定在学校周边张贴标语。(后接不定式的动词举例):plan，need， hope， Wish， intend try like, remember, forget.(2)作目的状语。如We are trying to come up with some ideas to cheer up sick children.第二个动词不定式(作目的状语)(3)作原因状语Im very happy to be your new teacher