2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题9M字部.doc

专题九 M字部1. magicadj.有魔力的；n.魔法；魔术关联词组：magic trick魔术；magic art魔术；巫术；as if by magic/like magic不可思议地；像魔术一般；magic words/spell咒语，魔咒用法：名词magic可以引申为“魔力，魅力”，常与介词of搭配。例如：the magic of Christmas圣诞节的魔力词性转换：magical adj.魔术的；有魔力的；magically adv.用魔法地；魔法般地；magician n.魔术师，变戏法的人（2019，湖南卷，阅读B）Severus Snape is a skillful wizard（巫师）teaching magic in Harry Potter.2. mainadj.主要的，最重要的关联词组：main body主体；main reason主要原因；main part主要部分；main idea主旨，主要意思；main street大街；main force主力（军）；main purpose主要目的；main road主路；main course主菜用法：main一般只放在名词前面。例如：The main reason for living in Spain is the weather.居住在西班牙的主要原因是天气。词性转换：mainly adv.主要地，大体上；近义词：important adj.重要的；key adj.关键的，至关重要的；central adj.中央的，至关重要的（2019，北京卷，阅读B）26. Sallys story mainly tells us that .A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the process3. managev.管理；设法用法manage表示“管理，负责（生意，企业，部门）”，相当于control：The company had been very badly managed.公司管理非常糟糕。manage表示“设法做成，努力完成（困难的事）”，相当于succeed，常用于manage to do sth.结构：I finally managed to push the huge animal away.我终于把这个庞大的动物推走了。manage表示“成功应付（难题），对付过去”，是不及物动词，与deal with相近，后面常接with/without：How do you manage without a washing machine?没有洗衣机你怎么对付？词性转换：management n.管理；manager n.经理；管理者（2019，北京卷，完形）I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt _14_ but to show my class why I wanted to be president.14. A. compareB. rememberC. manageD. repeat4. marryv.（使）成婚；结婚用法：marry可作及物动词，表示“娶/嫁”，可作不及物动词，表示“结婚”；在口语中经常用Would you marry me?来向某人求婚。例如：Im going to ask her to marry me on St Valentines Day.我打算在情人节向她求婚。People in higher social classes are more likely to marry late.社会阶层较高的人士倾向于晚婚。词性转换：married adj.已婚的：get married结婚；marriage n.婚姻（生活），结婚（2019，重庆卷，阅读C）Before long, they got married and moved to the old house where they first met.5. masterv.精通，掌握；n.主人；硕士（学位）master作动词，表示“掌握，精通（语言，技能）”：master a new language掌握一门新语言master作名词有多重含义，可表示：“能手，擅长者”，常接搭配of sth./at doing sth.：a master of short story短篇小说大师“主人，雇主”，与仆人相对：They lived in fear of their master.他们惧怕主人，提心吊胆地过日子。“硕士，硕士学位”：a Master of Arts/Science文科理科硕士词性转换：mastery n.掌握，精通（2019，山西卷，词语运用）Together, the old master and the young beginner changed an embarrassing situation into a wonderfully creative experience.6. matchv.般配；使配对；n.比赛，竞赛；火柴match作动词：既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，表示“般配，使匹配”。例如：The doors were painted blue to match the walls.门漆成了蓝色，为的是与墙的颜色相配。None of these glasses match (= they are all different).这些杯子没有能配对儿的。match作名词：可取动词的含义，表示“相配/称的人或物；敌手”，常用搭配有a match for sb.=sbs match某人的敌手，旗鼓相当者；no match for sb.不是某人的对手可表示“比赛，竞赛”：football/basketball match足球/篮球比赛；win/lose a match赢得/输掉比赛可表示“火柴”：strike a match划火柴；a box of matches一盒火柴词性转换：matching adj.相配（称）的，一致的；matchless adj.无比的，无敌的同义词：game/competition n.比赛，竞赛（2019，山东卷，阅读B）They believe they will never match him.7. meanv.意思是，意指词形变化：过去式meant，过去分词meantmean表示“意思是”，后面要接宾语或that从句：This light means (that) youre running low on fuel.这个灯亮说明汽油不多了。mean还可用来表示“意欲，打算”，相当于intend，常用语mean to do sth.的结构：I didnt mean to upset you.我并不是要让你伤心。词性转换：meaning n.意思，含义；meaningful adj.有意义的；意味深长的；meaningless adj.无意义的（2019，北京卷，阅读C）This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts.8. medicaladj.医学的，医疗的关联词组：medical treatment治疗，医疗；medical service医疗服务；medical care医疗护理；medical science医学科学；medical school医学院；medical examination健康检查词性转换：medically adv.医学上地；医药上地；medicine n.药；药学：take the medicine吃药，服药（2019，江苏卷，阅读填空）Medical evidence also supports the idea that each person has a body clock that helps to decide his or her sleep pattern.9. meetv.遇见，见到词形变化：过去式met，过去分词metmeet既是及物动词，又是不及物动词，但一般不用被动语态。可表示：“（偶然地）相遇，遇见”：Maybe well meet again some time.说不定我们什么时候还会再见面的。“（正式场合）开会，会晤”，或“（非正式）会面，集会”。例如：The Prime Minister met other European leaders for talks.首相与其他欧洲首脑举行会谈。Lets meet for a drink after work.下班后我们一起去喝一杯吧。词性转换：meeting n.会议；会见；集会：meeting room会议室；have/hold a meeting召开/举行会议（2019，北京卷，阅读C）We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills.10. membern.成员，会员关联词组：team/group member队（组）员；party/family member党员/家庭成员用法：member即可指人，也可指物，尤其可指“成员国”：a member state/country/nation会员国，成员国关联单词：membership n.成员资格；会员身分（2019，山东卷，词形转换）64. In America, 95% of pet owners think of their animals as family _.(member)11. memoryn.回忆；记忆力；存储器，存储量关联词组：in memory of纪念；from memory根据记忆；computer memory计算机内存用法：memory (for sth.)表示“记忆力，记性”：She has a terrible memory for names.她记名字很不行。常用memories表示“记忆，回忆”：He has lots of happy memories of his stay in Japan.他对在日本逗留的那段时光有许多美好的回忆。memory还可以指计算机领域的“存储器/存储量”：128 Mb of memory 128M的存储量词性转换：memoris(z)e v.记住，背熟；memorial adj.记忆的；纪念的，追悼的；memorable adj.难忘的；值得纪念的（2019，山东卷，阅读B）Because he grew up hearing so many fascinating memories about Africa from his parents, he went there and lived with the people called The Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert.12. mentionv.&n.提及，提到；记载关联词组：not to mention更不必说；at the mention of一提起动词用法：mention sth. (to sb.)：Nobody mentioned anything to me about it.没人跟我提过这事儿。mention +that从或/wh-从句：Did she mention where she was going?她有没有说起她要去哪儿？Dont mention it.在口语中用于别人道谢时回答，表示“不客气”名词用法：后面常跟介词of，如：He made no mention of his wifes illness.他没有提起他妻子生病的事。（2019，江苏卷，阅读B）24. According to Paragraph 1, cakes and ice-cream are mentioned to describe _.A. the birth of chickensB. the difference between themC. the use of eggsD. the way of keeping them13. messagen.消息，音信关联词组：leave a message留言；take a message捎口信，带口信；send a message发信息；get a message收到信息；short message短讯；text message（手机）短信息用法：message常常搭配的介词为from或for：Theres a message from Karen on the answerphone.电话答录机里有卡伦的留言。I have an urgent message for you.我有一条紧急消息要告诉你。词性转换：messenger n.报信者，送信者（2019，江西卷，短文填空）If they are unavailable, _31_ where they are, and then take a message.14. mindn.头脑，思想，思维；v.介意，关心关联词组：make up ones mind (to do sth.)下决心/决定（做某事）；keep/bear sth. in mind记住，把放在心上；have sth. in mind想到；心里已有；change ones mind改变主意；mind ones own business管自己的事，别管闲事名词用法：表示“头脑”、“思想，思维”、“心思”；常用语短语in sbs mind在某人脑中：A plan began to form in his mind. 一个计划开始在他的头脑里形成。Her mind is completely occupied by the new baby. 她一心扑在刚出世的宝宝身上。动词用法：mind (sb./sb.s) doing sth.介意（某人）做某事，或者mind+ that/wh-从句：Dont your parents mind you (your) staying out so late?你父母难道不介意你在外面待到这么晚吗？在口语中，mind常用在特定结构中表示请求允许或表达客气，如Would (Do) you mind你介意吗；I dont mind我不介意；never mind不要紧，没关系。例如：Do you mind if I open the window?我开开窗户好吗？Would you mind explaining that again, please?请你再解释一遍行吗？（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）10.-Simon, where do you want to eat?-_. I eat anything.A. I dont mindB. My PleasureC. Good ideaD. Certainly not15. mistaken.错误；v.弄错词形变化：过去式mistook，过去分词mistaken关联词组：make a mistake犯错误；by mistake错误地，由于差错用法：作动词时，mistake常用于mistake sb./sth. for sb./sth.结构，表示“把错当成”。例如：A woman mistook him for a well-known actor.有个女的错把他当成是某个著名演员。词性转换：mistaken adj.错误的；弄错的；被误解的；mistakenly adv.错误地；曲解地，被误解地（2019，北京卷，阅读B）We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.16. modernadj.现代的关联词组：modern society现代社会；modern times现代，近代；modern technology现代技术用法：从时间角度，modern表示“现代的，近代的”，与过去相对：Such companies must change if they are to compete in the modern world. 此类公司如果想在现代社会中与别人竞争，就必须有所改变。modern表示“现代化的，新式的”，与传统相对：A lot of progress has been made with the use of modern technology. 现代科技的应用带来了很大的进步。词性转换：modernis(z)e v.（使）现代化；modernis(z)ed adj.现代化的；modernis(z)ation n.现代化易混单词：model n.模特；模型，原形；模范，范例：a top fashion model顶级时装模特；a model airplane飞机模型；role model榜样（2019，江苏卷，阅读填空）People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）7.The instructions tell us everything _ about how to make the model ship.A. by handB. by chanceC. in detailD. in person17. momentn.片刻，瞬间关联词组：at the moment此刻；当时；for the moment暂时，目前；for a moment片刻，一会儿；wait/just a moment等一会儿，稍等一下；one moment等一下，马上；at the last moment在最后一刻，在最后关头用法：表示“在某一时刻”不要用介词in，而用介词at，如at this moment在此刻，at that moment在那时：At that moment, everything stopped.那一刻，一切都停止了。（2019，北京卷，完形）And moments of failure like this build _20_ since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.20. A. trustB. prideC. characterD. support18. monitorn.班长；监视器；v.监视，监控熟词僻义：除了表示“班长”，monitor还可表示“监视器，显示器”，如：We could watch what was happening on the TV monitor.我们可在电视监视器上观察所发生的情况。monitor还能作动词，表示“监视，监控”：We need a better system for monitoring what is going on.我们需要一个更好的系统来监控情况。（2019年，江苏卷，完成句子）65.上周杰克当选为班长后，他迫不及待地把这个好消息告诉了他地妈妈。Last week, after Jack _ as a monitor, he _to tell the news to his mother.19. movev.移动，搬动，搬家；打动，使感动关联词组：move on往前走，前进；move forward向前移动，向前发展用法：move既是及物动词又是不及物动词，可表示“（使）改变位置，（使）移动，搬动”；也可表示“搬家；迁移”。例如：The bus was already moving when I jumped onto it.我跳上车的时候，公共汽车已经开动了。Theyve moved into bigger offices in London.他们已搬往伦敦更大的办公室。熟词僻义：move还可以表示“打动，使感动”，是及物动词，常用被动形式，如：be deeply moved深受感动；be moved to tears感动到流泪词性转换：movement n.运动；活动（2019年，北京卷，短文阅读）It didnt look that hardjust move your legs while you were standing.20. murderv.谋杀；n.谋杀关联词组：mass murder大屠杀；commit murder谋杀murder可以作及物动词，也可作名词，例如：The murdered woman was well known in the area.被杀害的女人在这个地区很有名气。On the night the murder was committed, he was out of the country.凶案发生当晚他不在国内。词性转换：murderer n.凶手同义词：kill v.杀害（2019年，湖北卷，阅读B）Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.