初中英语代词课件---好ppt.ppt

代代 词词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清 分类分类人称、作用人称、作用人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词反身代词反身代词主格主格宾格宾格形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一人称第一人称单数单数Imemyminemyself复数复数weusouroursourselves第二人称第二人称单数单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称第三人称单数单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用作用主语主语宾语、表语宾语、表语定语定语主语、表语、主语、表语、宾语宾语宾语、表语、宾语、表语、同位语同位语单数形式：（二、三、一）即：单数形式：（二、三、一）即：you/ he/ I复数形式：（一、二、三）即；复数形式：（一、二、三）即；we/ you/ they 物主代词物主代词形容词性物主代词在句子中做定语修饰名词，形容词性物主代词在句子中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。一般不单独使用。名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+ +名词名词”。egeg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours?: This is my dictionary. Where is yours? 名词性物主代词可用在名词性物主代词可用在ofof后面做定语，相当后面做定语，相当于于“ “ of +of +名词所有格名词所有格”， 表示带有部表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。分概念或有一定的感情色彩。egeg: He is a friend of mine.: He is a friend of mine. 三、反身代词的用法三、反身代词的用法定义：定义：反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、反身代词又称自身代词，由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾代词宾格，单数加词尾selfself、复数加词尾、复数加词尾selves selves 构成。构成。 在句子中，反身代词可作动词或介词的在句子中，反身代词可作动词或介词的宾语、表语、主语或者宾语的同位语。宾语、表语、主语或者宾语的同位语。（一）作动词的宾语（一）作动词的宾语反身代词可以与反身代词可以与enjoy, hurt, teach, look enjoy, hurt, teach, look afterafter等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。1. enjoy oneself = have a good time1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night?night?2. help oneself (to sth2. help oneself (to sth.) .) 随便吃点什么，后随便吃点什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。的用语。 Help yourselves to some fruit.Help yourselves to some fruit.3. hurt oneself 3. hurt oneself 伤着自己伤着自己 She didnt hurt herself.She didnt hurt herself.4. teach oneself = learn by oneself4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自学自学 Did you teach yourself English ?Did you teach yourself English ? = Did you learn English by yourself? = Did you learn English by yourself?5. look after oneself 5. look after oneself 照顾自己照顾自己 I can look after myself well.I can look after myself well.6.say to oneself6.say to oneself自言自语自言自语 Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”e to e to oneself苏醒苏醒 Soon the boy came to herself.Soon the boy came to herself.8.make oneself + 8.make oneself + 过去分词，使自己被别人过去分词，使自己被别人 She did her best to make herself She did her best to make herself understood.understood.9.lose oneself in 9.lose oneself in 沉浸于沉浸于陶醉于陶醉于 They both lost themselves in the They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.beautiful music.（二）（二） 反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语1. by oneself = alone1. by oneself = alone自己做自己做 She has done her homework by herself.She has done her homework by herself.2. for oneself2. for oneself为自己为自己 She made the skirt for herself.She made the skirt for herself.3. of oneself3. of oneself自然而然的、自动的自然而然的、自动的 The door opened of itself.The door opened of itself.4. among themselves4. among themselves在他们中间在他们中间 They are discussing the matter among They are discussing the matter among themselves.themselves.（三）作表语（三）作表语反身代词可与反身代词可与bebe动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。感觉、情绪或状态。 The little boy was myself.The little boy was myself.（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词（四）用作主语或宾语的同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。或句子末尾。1.1.作主语的同位语作主语的同位语 He himself wrote the words and music of He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.the songs.2.2.作宾语的同位语作宾语的同位语 I will give the letter to your brother I will give the letter to your brother himself. himself. 代代 词词( (二二) )四、指示代词四、指示代词this/ that/ these/ those单数单数复数复数用法用法1用法用法2thisthese近指近指指下文将要提及的事指下文将要提及的事thatthose远指远指指前面刚提过的事指前面刚提过的事【辨析【辨析】one, it, that it 常用来特指上下文提到的事物，用来指可数常用来特指上下文提到的事物，用来指可数名词或者不可数名词，名词或者不可数名词，oneone泛指上下文提及的同类泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子，用于代替可数名词，事物中的一份子，用于代替可数名词，thatthat常用常用在比较等级中，代表前面提到的名词，以避免重在比较等级中，代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。复。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Zhengzhou is much wetter than that of Shanghai.五、五、 指物指物指人指人everythingeveryone， everybodysomethingsomeone， somebodyanythinganyone，anybody nothingno one, nobody some some 常用于肯定句中，常用于肯定句中， 当说话者期望当说话者期望得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时，可以用得到对方的肯定回答或表示请求建议时，可以用在疑问句中在疑问句中. . -Would you like some bread? -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please. -Yes, please. any any常用于否定句和疑问句中，当常用于否定句和疑问句中，当anyany表示表示“任任何何”时，可用于肯定句。时，可用于肯定句。There arent any students in the classroom.There arent any students in the classroom.v图解图解other系列不定代词系列不定代词 one（一个）（一个） the other（另一个）（另一个） one（一个）（一个） another（其余的任一个）（其余的任一个） one（一个）（一个） the others（其余的全部）（其余的全部） some（一些）（一些） others（其余的一部分）（其余的一部分）some（一些）（一些） the others（其余的全部）（其余的全部） 1. 这些词一般没有词形变化这些词一般没有词形变化,但以但以-one或或-body结尾的词能带所结尾的词能带所有格词尾。如：有格词尾。如：Everyones life was in danger. 2. 这些词修饰形容词或者副词时这些词修饰形容词或者副词时,形容词或者副词都需要后置。形容词或者副词都需要后置。3. 这些复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。这些复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。4. 在反意疑问句中在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分的主语是当陈述部分的主语是everybody, someone等等指人的复合代词时，疑问部分的主语往往用指人的复合代词时，疑问部分的主语往往用they,也可以用也可以用he;若陈述部分的主语是若陈述部分的主语是anything, nothing等指物的复合代词时等指物的复合代词时,疑疑问部分的主语用问部分的主语用it。如：。如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he/ dont they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it ? 六、六、在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句主格主格宾格宾格所有格所有格指人指人whowhomwhose指人或物指人或物which /1. who，whom都表示都表示“谁谁”，作主语时用，作主语时用who,作宾作宾语时用语时用whom, 但当疑问但当疑问词作介词宾语时，且介词又置于句首时，只能用词作介词宾语时，且介词又置于句首时，只能用whom。 2. which, what在特殊疑问句作定语时，后面必须紧在特殊疑问句作定语时，后面必须紧跟一个名词。跟一个名词。What class are you in?3.疑问词做主语时，疑问句语序用陈述句语序。疑问词做主语时，疑问句语序用陈述句语序。