新牛津高中英语模块五第一单元知识点整理及单元练习.pdf

新牛津高中英语模块五第一单元知识点整理及单元练习M5 Unit 1 一、词汇大集合1、单词1. betray: vt. 背叛，出卖，泄露betray sth to sb: 向某人出卖泄露 betray oneself: 露出原形 betrayal: bitre?l n. 背叛 He would rather die than betray the document to the enemy. She said she was sorry, but her eyes betrayed her secret delight. 她说她很难过，但她的眼神里却露出她内心的喜悦。 an act of betrayal: 背叛的行为2. (Page 2, Lines 8-9) I must have soundedquiz, saying how easy it was. must have done: 一定做过 “saying how easy it was ”为现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态。3. fail sth: 未能通过fail to do sth: 未能做 I failed my driving test the first time I took it. He never fails to write to his mother every week. 4. pretend sth: 假装，扮作 pretend to do sth: 假装做 pretend that: 假装 He pretended illness as an excuse. Tom pretended to be reading a book when the teacher came in. She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell. 5. admit (admitted；admitting): vt. (1) 承认 admit (doing) sth: 承认做 admit that: 承认 admit sb to be + n / adj: 承认某人是 He admitted having stolen that car. / He admitted that he had stolen the car. We all admit him to be a fool. (2) 允许进入，接受 ,录取admit sb to / into sth: 允许进入 Each ticket admits two people to the party. Tom has been admitted into Peking University. 6. beg (sb) to do sth: 恳请（某人）做 beg (sb) for sth: 恳请（某人） beg (for) sth: 乞讨 I beg you not take any risks. He begged her for forgiveness. John was so poor that he had to beg money from passers-by. 7. keep one s secret: 保守秘密keep ones word / promise: 遵守诺言 break ones word / promise: 违背诺言 8. (Page 2, Line 18) paper that saidsay: vt. 写到，表明；显示 read: vt. 写着；指示，显示 The clock said it was 7: 30. I noticed a sign reading / saying “ No Parking! ”. 9. swear (swore, sworn): vt. & vi. (1) 发誓，宣誓swear to do sth: 发誓做 swear that: 发誓 Mona swore never to return to home. Victor swore that he would get his revenge( 复仇). (2) 咒骂，诅咒 swear at sb: 咒骂Rich(里奇) tripped over a dog and swore at it. 10. spy on sth: 监视窥探 These days I have been spying on the enemys movements. 11. focus: vt. & vi. 集中注意力于； (使)聚焦n. 焦点，重点 focus sth on sth: 集中于 focus on sth: 集中注意The recent wave of bombing has focused public attention on the area. I was so tired to focus on anything. The focus of the conference is on environmental issues. 12. manner: n. 方式；举止，态度 C manners: n. (1) 礼貌，礼仪 (2) 风俗，习惯in this manner: 用这种方式 table manners: 餐桌礼仪 Its good / bad manners to do sth: 做有无礼貌 He objected in a forceful manner. 他坚决反对。 Its bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 满嘴都是食物说话不礼貌。 13. guilty: adj. 内疚的，有罪的be / feel guilty about (doing) sth: 因为而内疚be guilty of sth: 犯罪 I feel guilty about not visiting him often. He was found guilty. 他被判有罪。 The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪。 14. remark: n. & v. 谈论，评论，谈到make a remark about sb: 议论 make no remark: 不加评论 remark on sth: 谈论remark that: 谈到，说起 She could hear others were making rude remarks about her. I couldn t help remarking on her youth. 我脱口而出说她那么年轻。 The boys were guilty of theft. 这些男孩犯盗窃罪。 Critics remarked that the play was not original. 评论家指出该剧缺乏创意。 15. argue with sb about / over sth: 因为与某人争吵 argue that: 认为 argue sb into / out of doing sth: 说服某人（不）做argument: n. 争论；争吵；争议；论点；论据 We are arguing with each other over the holiday expenses. He argued that more importance should be attached to the reform of the criminals. They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. 他们说服他撤回了投诉。16. apologize to sb for sth: make an apology to sb for sth: We apologize for the late departure of this flight. 17. be sensitive to sb: (1) 对体贴 (2) 对敏感 She has been sensitive to his husband since they got married. A writer mustnt be too sensitive to criticism. 作家不可对批评意见反映过激。 18. blame: vt. 责备，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责 U blame sb for (doing) sth: 因为责备某人 blame sth on sb: 把归咎于sb be to blame for sth: 某人因为应受责备 take the blame: 承担责任 A bad workman blames his tools. 拙匠埋怨工具差。 Teachers always blame the students for their rude behaviors. You should not blame your failure on the difficulty of the paper. It is I who am to blame for the mistake. You can t expect Jerry to take all the blame. 19. the attitude towards sth: 对于的态度 What is your attitude towards your schoolwork? 20. anchor: v. (1) 扎根于； (2) 抛锚，停船； (3) 固定 n. 锚，支柱 drop / cast anchor: 抛锚 be anchored in sth: 扎根于 They brought the boat into the harbor and dropped anchor. 他们 把船开进海港下锚停泊。 We anchored the tent with pegs. 我们用桩子固定帐篷。 Literature must be anchored on our life. Home is his anchor when he is away on business. 21. be cautious about sth: 对小心谨慎 cautiousness: n. 小心谨慎 U These people are cautious about spending money. 这些人用钱仔细。22. be eager to do sth: 急于做 be eager for sth: 急于渴望 Clara( 克莱拉 ) was eager to tell her side of the story. 克莱拉急于讲述她对那件事的看法。 She was eager for success. 23. respond: vi. 作出反应；回答respond to sth / respond that: 对.作出反应；回答 She responded to my letter with a phone call. The doctor responded that he couldn t tell the name of the disease. 24. response: n. 反应；回应；答复 in response to sth: 以回应make response to sth: 回应make no response: 不作回答 The laws were passed in response to public pressure. He made no response to my question. 25. regardless: adv. (1) 不管怎样；无论如何（用在句末） (2) regardless of sth: 不管，不顾 You get a lot of criticism, but you have to carry on regardless. All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits(价 值 ， 优点). 26. end up: 结果为；以 .结束 end up + 介词短语 adjdoing If you continue to steal, you will end up in prison. 你要是继续行窃，终归得进监狱。 If he carries on driving like that, he ll end up dead. 他照那样开车，早晚得丢命。 Because he had made full preparations for the interview, he ended up working in the company. 27. be committed to sth / sb: ；忠于 This development area is committed to creating a perfect investment environment. 这个开发区致力于创造一个完美的投资环境。 She was strongly committed to her job, a policewoman by eminence. 她非常忠于职守，一个卓越的女警。28 quarrel with sb about sth: have a quarrel with sb about sth: We arent going to quarrel with each other about a few dollars. 29. in conclusion / to conclude: 总之In conclusion, Id like to thank you for all youve done for me. 最后，我要感谢你们为我所做的一切。30. mercy: n. 仁慈，怜悯，宽容at the mercy of sb: 任由摆布show mercy to sb: have mercy on sb: leave sb to the mercy / mercies of sb: 任凭某人受摆布 They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather. The terrorists showed no mercy the refugees( 难民). He wont leave the cat to the mercy of the boy. 31. get through: vt. 完成；通过；批准通过 get through to sb / sth: 到达；接通的电话 get through a task / an exam. Millions of refugees will die if these supplies dont get through to them. With great efforts, I finally got through to the manager. 32. acquaintance: n. (1) 熟人；泛泛之交 C (2) 认识，了解 U, C make ones acquaintance: make the acquaintance of sb: of ones acquaintance: 所认识理解的 on first acquaintance: 初次相见时 I am delighted to make your acquaintance. a certain lawyer of my acquaintance. Even on first acquaintance, we could see he wasn t the right type. 初次见面就看出他不是对路子的人。2、短语1. 相处，进展 get along (with) 2. 发展友谊 develop friendships with 3. 值得做be worth doing 4. 对.感到自豪 be proud of/ take pride in 5. 决心做 be determined to do 6. 承认某事 /承认做 admit sth/ doing/ that 7. 答应某人（不）做某事 promise sb to (not) do 8. 信守诺言 keep one s word 9. 因某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth 10. 对某事有天赋 be gifted at 11. 不久 before long 12. 也 as well (as) 13. 劝说某人做某事 persuade sb to do/ into doing 14. 假装做pretend to do/ that 15. 阻止做某事 discourage sb from doing 16. 接通 get through ( to sb) 17. 一方面另一方面 on the one hand on the other hand 18. 因为某事而责备某人 blame sb for sth/ doing 19. 对.有影响 have an effect on 20. 各种各样的 a variety of 21. 以.为基础 be based on 22. 不顾，不管 regardless of 23. 阻止某人做某事 prevent / stop / keep sb from doing 24. 保重，小心，当心 take care 25. 互相one another 二、单元综合练习单元练习 1 .单词拼写1 Customers with a strong emotional investment in your company or brand will feel _(背叛) if you ever let them down. 2They feel _( 内疚) about not being able to see their son often because they are busy with their work. 3Laura is _(敏感的 ) about her weight，so dont mention it before her. 4 It is _(荒谬的 ) to believe that number 13 is unlucky. 5 With my teachers help ， I have the confidence to _( 克服 ) difficulties and make progress in my study. 6 Obviously， different _ ( 态度) towards opportunities may lead to quite different consequences. 7I apologize for the delay in _( 回复)to your message and greatly appreciate your patience. 8Chinese leaders are _(坚定的 )to continuing Deng Xiaopings path of opening- up policy and economic reform. 9They cried for _(宽恕) but their requests were met with laughter. 10 The two organizations work together to raise public awareness of the vast scale of hunger _(全世界 )11 We do not need to _( 羡慕，忌妒)any other person ，for our existence is actually unique! 12The practice of law requires _(了解)with court procedures. 13If we pass the entrance examination and are fortunately a_to a university ，we shall not stop making effort. 14Its no use a_ about the question with him，for he wont change his opinion. 15P_ not to hear what I said ，she continued to walk upstairs. 【 答 案 】1.betrayed2.guilty3.sensitive4.absurd5.overcome 6.attitudes7.response mitted 9mercy10.worldwide11.envy12.acquaintance 13admitted14.arguing15.Pretending .选词填空keep ones word ； regardless of ； spy on ； thanks to ； look back on ；be based on ；end up；get through ；rely on；keep pace with 1You will _ in debt if you keep on spending money like that. 2 If you _ to someone ， you succeed in contacting them on the telephone. 3You must work harder than before if you want to _ the top students in our class. 4_ what others say ，you should go on. 5Many working women _ their parents to help look after their children. 6Our neighbors are always looking out of their windows，_ us. 7I always _ my high school days，which were the happiest time in my life. 8The play succeeded _ fine acting by all the cast. 【答案】1.end up2.get through3.keep pace with 4Regardless of 5.rely on6.spying on 7.look back on 8thanks to .完成句子1我相信他不会再犯这么愚蠢的错误了。I _ that he will make such foolish mistakes. 2这部影片如此感人以至于我们禁不住流下泪来。This film was so impressive that we _. 3时代变了，她也变了。Times have changed and _. 4有人向他求助的时候，他总是很乐意帮忙。He tends to be willing to give his hands _ for help. 5我再也想不起来了 我当时一定是失去了知觉。I cant remember any moreI _ consciousness. 【答案】1.dont believe2.couldnt help crying3.so has she4.when asked 5.must have lost .教材活用根据教材文本完成下列表格，每空一词。Things happened Sarahs feelings Before Monday Sarah and Hannah were best friends. Monday A surprise Maths test was given. She sounded 1._ and thought the exam was easy and she didnt need to 2._ about the results. Tuesday Sarah got the lowest mark in her class and shared the 3._ with Hannah. She was 4._ of her failure，but tried to pretend to be 5._. Wednesday Classmates stared at Sarah when she came into the classroom and a piece of paper that said ，“6._ Sarah got a D！ ”was found on her desk. First she was extremely upset and felt like 7._.Then she was 8._ and doubted Hannah had let 9._ her secret. Now Sarah and Hannah were no longer best friends. She didnt think she could 10._ Hannah，and didnt know what to do. 【答案】1.proud2.worry3.secret 4.ashamed 5cheerful6.Stupid7.crying8.angry9.out10.forgive .阅读理解A Candy Bruton,56，a Delta Airline flight attendant，flies about 90 hours over the course of 16 days a month. But the flying hour is only part of the time attendants spend on the job.Bruton explained that they are also required to put in“ground time ” They arrive about an hour before the flight takes off to make sure that the cabin is ready to go ，the galley is fully stocked and all the required safety equipment is aboard and working.At the airport ，Bruton and her fellow flight attendants are the first people on the plane and the last ones off. For sports charters ，attendants distribute welcoming snacks and drinks as the athletes ，coaches and team officials board the plane ，then provide non-stop service in the air.They handdeliver everythingno carts in the aisles( 过道) Because the same attendants often are assigned to the same teams ，they get to know what people want to eat and drink.“They dont have to ask ，”Bruton said. For a regularly scheduled flight ，attendants help passengers put away their carry-on bags and get settled so the plane can depart on time.“In the air，they fill requests and continually check on the passengers ，”Bruton said. “I like to pick a couple of passengers and get to know them，”she said.“Its always the people.In the air，youre never alone.Ive developed lifelong friendships with flight attendants and passengers. ”The job is not just about service. “A lot of what we do is safety-related，”Bruton said.In 36 years of flying ，Bruton said shes seen only two emergencies，both of which were minor incidents that did not endanger anyone on the plane. 1It is unnecessary for Bruton to do the job of _. Aarriving at the airport before the flight takes off Bhanding out foods and drinks and packing carry- on bags Cchatting with some passengers on the plane Dchecking on the passengers requests and serving them 【解析】细节理解题。 从第二段第三句、 第四段第一句及第四段最后一句可以看出A、B、D 项内容是这名乘务员分内的工作；从第五段 “ I like to pick a couple of. ” 可以看出和乘客聊天并不是她分内的工作。【答案】C 2What can we know about Bruton from the passage? AShe is keen on her job as an attendant. BShe has been an attendant since she was nineteen. CShe is not only an attendant but also a maintenance worker. DShe is only in charge of serving coaches and team officials. 【解析】推理判断题。从Bruton 所说的话中我们可以看出她的工作虽然辛苦， 但她还是非常热爱自己的工作的。B 项中提到的年龄应该是 20 岁；C 项中提到她也做地面工作，但并不是维修工；D项不光是为教练和领导服务，还为运动员服务，故错误。【答案】A 3The same attendants are assigned to the same teams so that _. Athey can communicate with each other easily Bthey can know passengers demands Cthey are familiar with the airline Dthey have the same passion for planes 【解析】细节理解题。从第三段的第三句“ Because the same attendants often are assigned.” 可以看出答案为B。【答案】B B Many times when children make a mistake， starting with breaking a window while playing football or skipping classes and ending with stealing something of fighting with another child， parents are always blamed by the society for not having known how to educate their offspring(后代 )The situation is not that easy to explain. Parents always look for the best interest of their children and many times they are ready to take measures only for their sake.They know their children are suffering when they are obliged to stay indoors or when they have no money ，but they have to teach them a lesson so that they wont repeat the same mistakes over and over again.When a child realizes that his father is talking seriously about him not being allowed to do something， he understands the gravity(严重性 )of his deeds and he knows he will think twice before making the same mistake again. These are the cases of the responsible parents，who suffer when they see that their children are not happy but who resist the temptation of forgiving them so easily so that they realize the gravity of their actions not only at present but also for the future. On the other hand there are parents who always find excuses for their childrens behavior ，who never consider they make mistakes or if they just do what they call“childish”things lacking importance.When you buy your children everything he has ever dreamt of or when you tell him he can wear a necklace even if he is only 13，he will bec