2018届高考英语代词ppt课件.ppt

代代 词词代词在连续两年的广东高考语法填空中代词在连续两年的广东高考语法填空中都有两个小题，占语法填空的五分之一。都有两个小题，占语法填空的五分之一。可见，代词在所有语法项目中占分的比可见，代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大，是语法填空的重要内容。主要例最大，是语法填空的重要内容。主要考点有：考点有：考点考点1：人称代词：人称代词人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。句中作动词或介词的宾语。考点考点2：物主代词：物主代词形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名形容词性物主代词名词词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。如：作后置定语，但不能作定语。如：考点考点3：反身代词：反身代词反身代词在句中可以作反身代词在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词和等动词和by, for, to等介词的宾语，还等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，亲自，本人本人”，但不能作主语。，但不能作主语。考点考点4：指示代词：指示代词指示词有指示词有this, that, these, those, such等。注意等。注意以下以下4点：点：(1) this, these是时间或空间上的是时间或空间上的“近指近指”，可，可与与here连用；连用；that, those是时间或空间上的是时间或空间上的“远远指指”，可与，可与there连用。连用。(2) 指上文提到的事一般用指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用指下文的事只能用this。(3) 打电话时，用打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用来介绍自己，用that来问来问对方，不用对方，不用I或或you。(4) this和和that还可表示程度，意为还可表示程度，意为“如此，那如此，那么么”，相当于，相当于so，作状语。，作状语。考点考点5：疑问代词：疑问代词疑问代词有疑问代词有what, which, who, whom, whose等。等。用法要点如下：用法要点如下：(1)what除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which可指人也可指物；可指人也可指物；who, whom, whose一般一般指人。指人。(2)有一定范围时，用有一定范围时，用which，意为，意为“(其中的其中的)哪一个哪一个”，可接表范围的，可接表范围的of短语；没有一定的短语；没有一定的范围时，用范围时，用what，意为，意为“什么什么”，不能接，不能接of短短语。语。考点考点6：表示两者或多者的不定代词：表示两者或多者的不定代词都都 都不都不(一个也不一个也不) 任一任一两者两者 both neither either多者多者 all none any 注意：注意：(1)表示完全否定可以说表示完全否定可以说noteither/any，但没有但没有either/anynot的说法。的说法。(2)both/all与与not连用是部分否定，意为连用是部分否定，意为“并非并非都都”。(3)none既可指人也可指物，可与既可指人也可指物，可与of短语连用；而短语连用；而no one (=nobody)只能指人，也不能与只能指人，也不能与of短语连用。短语连用。考点考点7：表示：表示“另外的另外的”不定代词不定代词单数单数 复数复数 泛指泛指 another others 特指特指 the other the others 说明说明 还可作定语还可作定语 不能作定语不能作定语 说明：说明：表示表示“别的，另外的别的，另外的”还有：还有：(1)用于疑问词或复合不定代词后面用于疑问词或复合不定代词后面的的else，其所有格形式是，其所有格形式是elses。(2)既能指可数名词也可指不可数名既能指可数名词也可指不可数名词的词的the rest(其余的其余的)。但上表中的代。但上表中的代词只能代替可数名词。词只能代替可数名词。考点考点8：表示：表示“每一每一”的的each和和every(1)each强调个别，而强调个别，而every则用来概括则用来概括全体，与全体，与all相当。因此，与相当。因此，与almost, nearly, without exception等连用时，可用等连用时，可用every, 不能用不能用each。(2)each可指两者，而可指两者，而every则不能。则不能。(3)each还可用作代词，而还可用作代词，而every只能用只能用作形容词，且只能作定语。作形容词，且只能作定语。(4)every可表示可表示“每每(隔隔)”，但，但each不能不能考点考点9：表示：表示“一些一些”的的some和和any(1)any一般用于疑问句、否定句或条件一般用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，或用于句中，或用于never, hardly, without, if/whether等词之后。等词之后。(2)some用于肯定句中，或用于建议、请用于肯定句中，或用于建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，或用于希望对方作求、邀请的疑问句中，或用于希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中，也用于表示反问的肯定回答的疑问句中，也用于表示反问的否定疑句中。如：否定疑句中。如：Would you like some more bananas?你再你再吃点香蕉吗？吃点香蕉吗？考点考点10：复合不定代词：复合不定代词复合不定代词是指由复合不定代词是指由every-, some-, any-, no- 与与-thing, -one, -body等构成的不定代词。注意以下几个等构成的不定代词。注意以下几个问题：问题：(1)复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。(2)含含-thing的，用的，用it代替；含代替；含-body, -one的，一般的，一般用用they代替，在正式文体中可用代替，在正式文体中可用he。(3)修饰复合不定代词的形容词要位于后面。如：修饰复合不定代词的形容词要位于后面。如：something important重要的事。重要的事。(4)something, somebody/someone, anything还可作还可作名词，意为名词，意为“重要的事情重要的事情(或人物或人物)”。如：。如：His wife is now somebody in television.他的妻子现在是电视界的他的妻子现在是电视界的大人物了。大人物了。考点考点11：替代词他：替代词他it, that, those, one(1)it和和that都替代都替代“the+单数名词单数名词(可数或不可可数或不可数数)”，都是特指，但，都是特指，但it指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事事物，而物，而that是指前面提到的是指前面提到的“同类同类”事物。事物。(2)只能替代可数名词的只能替代可数名词的one和和those。单数单数 复数复数 泛指泛指 one (a+单数可数名词单数可数名词) ones (复数名词复数名词) 特指特指 the one=that (the+单数可数名词单数可数名词) the ones=those(the+复数名词复数名词) 注：注：口语中，特别是当后面有口语中，特别是当后面有of短语时，多短语时，多用用that或或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代替代the persons)The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词替代不可数名词the population，不能用，不能用the one)考点考点12：it的用法的用法(1)替代前面提到的同一事物。替代前面提到的同一事物。(2)替代前面整句话的内容。如：替代前面整句话的内容。如：When the factory closes, it will mean 500 workers will be out of work. 工厂一旦关闭工厂一旦关闭, 那就意味着要有那就意味着要有500工人失业。工人失业。(3)指动物、婴儿，或在情景中确认的某人。指动物、婴儿，或在情景中确认的某人。(4)指时间、距离、气候、环境等。指时间、距离、气候、环境等。(5)作形式主语或形式宾语。如：作形式主语或形式宾语。如：(6)用于用于it isthat强调结构中。强调结构中。分析句子结构，若句子缺少主语，或者分析句子结构，若句子缺少主语，或者及物动词或介词后缺宾语，就可能是填代及物动词或介词后缺宾语，就可能是填代词。然后再根据各个代词的意义与用法的词。然后再根据各个代词的意义与用法的不同，选出符合语境的某一个代词填空。不同，选出符合语境的某一个代词填空。有的不定代词，如有的不定代词，如another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each等还可以在名词前作定语。若名词前等还可以在名词前作定语。若名词前缺少定语时，根据意义和用法，以及主谓缺少定语时，根据意义和用法，以及主谓一致等，填入一个恰当的代词。一致等，填入一个恰当的代词。例例1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_. But she refused. (广东广东)思路分析：因思路分析：因(that) I had caused是定语从句，是定语从句，先行词是先行词是trouble, 代表先行词代表先行词trouble的关系代的关系代词词that在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配cause sb. trouble (给某人造成麻烦给某人造成麻烦) 可知，填可知，填her作擦作擦caused的宾语。的宾语。例例2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day, he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. (广东广东)思路分析：因思路分析：因crop是单数可数名词，前面必定是单数可数名词，前面必定是填限定词；由下文是填限定词；由下文pluck up all of his crop a few inches可知，这个急性子人是急于希望可知，这个急性子人是急于希望“他他的的”禾苗长得快。故填形容词性物主代词禾苗长得快。故填形容词性物主代词his。例例3Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (全国全国)思路分析：能与思路分析：能与they相呼应，并作相呼应，并作they的的同位语的，填反身代词同位语的，填反身代词themselves。考点击破考点击破一、单句填空：用适当的代词填空或者根据一、单句填空：用适当的代词填空或者根据汉语提示填空。汉语提示填空。1. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute. (重庆重庆)2. To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. (湖湖南南)3. My grandma still treats me like a child. She cant imagine _ grown up. (重庆重庆)they us me 4. The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again. (全国全国). Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _. (全国全国). Is her hair shorter than _(我我的的)?(全国全国). Our neighbours gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. (湖南湖南)8. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? (江西江西) her histheirs mine itself itself 9. My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (上海上海)10. Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (全国全国) 11.The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (全国全国) 12. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy. (全国全国)herself themselves who which 13. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. (北京北京) 14.To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _. (天津天津) 15. I had to buy _these books because I didnt know which one was the best. (上海上海)16. We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _. (浙江浙江)neither both all any 17. It is easy to do the repair. _you need is a hammer and some nails. (天津天津)18. Id been expecting _letters the whole morning, but there werent _for me. (全全国国)19. These plants are watered _ other day. (全国全国)20. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. (全国全国)All some any every that 21. My most famous relative of all, the _ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather. (江苏江苏)22. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _one this month. (天津天津) 23. Both sides have accused the _ of breaking the contract. (上海上海)24. Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but _like to go to the cinema. (全国全国)one another other others 25. Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for_ two weeks.(上海上海)26. First, it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone _.(湖北湖北)27. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave. (山东山东)28. The book is of great value. _ can be enjoyed unless you digest it. (福建福建)another else everything Nothing 29. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _ left in the house. (重庆重庆)30. We havent enough books for _; some of you will have to share. (全国全国)31. I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _ else, it was hard to make out. (上海上海)32. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江) anything everybody anyone It 33. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. (湖南湖南)34. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山东山东)35. I just wonder what _is that makes him so excited. (山东山东)36. He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk. (陕西陕西) it it it much 37. The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend. (安徽安徽)38. He has made a lot of films, but _ good ones. (北京北京)39. Although hes wealthy, he spends _on clothes. (全国全国)more few little 二、语篇模拟：用适当的代词填空。二、语篇模拟：用适当的代词填空。 One day, as Zeng Zis wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to go with 1_. “Stay home,” the mother said to him. “When2_return, well kill a pig for 3_ dinner!“ When she came back, 4_ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal. She hurried over to stop 5_: “What are you doing? Youre not really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him!”herIyourshe him “How can 6_ lie to children?” Zeng Zi replied. “7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents. If 10_ deceive your child with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig.weTheyevery theiryou