后备母猪的发情刺激与记录和配种管理ppt课件.ppt

Gilt Development, Heat Stimulation, Recording and Insemination Management 后备母猪的发情刺激、记录和配种管理后备母猪的发情刺激、记录和配种管理Perfect management results in: 管理目标 88 % Farrowing 大于88%的分娩率 12.5 Live born / litter 活产仔大于12.5 gilt developer/lactation feed 25-140kg 饲喂后备猪或哺乳母猪料 Daily gain 680-700 gr. 日增重680-700g Heat stimulation/recording from 180 days 180天起记录做发情刺激和记录 Each gilt individual gilt card 每头母猪建立栏卡 Two times a day boar-contact for 5 minutes per pen. 每天两次每次5分钟的公猪诱情刺激 Finalize required vaccinations minimum 2 weeks before expected insemination date 预计配种前2 周完成所有的疫苗防疫 Optimum weight: minimum140 kg最小适配体重140kg Optimimum age: minimum 240 days 最小日龄240天 Required back fat thickness 16 mm at P2 背膘厚度16mmGilt preparation 后备猪的准备后备猪的准备Handling: Gilts are your future at the farm 后备母猪是猪场的未来后备母猪是猪场的未来Group Hypor LW/C line = Uniformity important. 海波尔大白种猪海波尔大白种猪 群群体一致体一致“How to reach over 12 piglets weaned per litter” 如何实现窝断奶仔如何实现窝断奶仔猪猪12头头 1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1= 82 x 8 = 16Future optimum TEATS Gilt preparation and insemination Gilt has to be in second = third heat- cycle at least.第二、 三个情期配种 They must be older then 240 days Flushing with lactation feed = almost ad-lib feeding for 5 days prior to expected insemination date. 配种前5天短期优饲 Adaptation to crates minimum 5 days before insemination. 配种前至少5天移至定位栏 Insemination of gilt in crates = less stress. 在定位栏配种 Insemination of gilt with boar in front = nose contact. 配种时 有公猪刺激Desirable layout / required equipment insemination barn.配种配种 区的区的准备准备 Boar partitions in front of pens =each pen.中央走廊隔栏 Boar partitions in front of crates = each 5/6 crates 建立隔栏 Strongly recommendable extra light at front of crates/ /head of sows. 150 Lux. 配种区额外光源 Take care for enough active boars. 保证有足够的公猪 Recording insemination remarks = gilt/sow card arrear of animal. 配种记录标记Boar partitions in front of pens. 公猪诱情隔栏公猪诱情隔栏Boar partitions in front of crates. 公猪诱情隔栏公猪诱情隔栏Extra light recommendable 配种区额外光源配种区额外光源 Every 5/6 sows a partition required Min.16 hours a day imitating day lightness lightness/150 lux Heat stimulation and insemination management in practice 公猪诱情公猪诱情Layout of boar partions in crate situation The most simple/efficient way to organize heat stimualtion/detection and insemination management. 同时使用3头公猪刺激诱情、配种 1=15 stalls a. Boar b c 1=15 stalls STARTBOAR1STARTBOAR1BOAR2STARTBOAR1BOAR2BOAR3STARTInsemination strategy Heat stimulation/insemination area is the most important area in pig production = work strict and accurate! 发情刺激、配种区的工作最重要！ 要严格精确！ Piglets NOT BORN can not be weaned and finished 没有产仔便没有猪场的一切 DSC system is invented, to guide at a convenient way process of heat stimulation/detection and insemination management. 利用 点线叉方式标记配种情况 DSC = Dot = Stripe = Cross DSC system understandable and can be followed by every staff member at any time during the process.Heat stimulation/ insemination management The system uses two different color markers 使用两种颜色的记号笔 Dot means, standing for boar 点表示发情静立 Stripe means gilt, sow =insemination 线表示配种输精 Cross means, end of standing period 叉表示发情结束Heat stimulation/ insemination management Important to know the status of the heat 知道母猪的发情状况 非常重要 Pre-heat (color vulva, size vulva) will be different from day 1 to 4. 发情前期1-4天 外阴的颜色大小变化 The standing reflex mostly universal 发情期的静立反射Heat stimulation/ insemination management Heat stimulation/detection MUST be done twice a day! 每天2次发情鉴定 必须的！ Best interval 12 hours = most farms 9-10 hours. 间隔12小时 一般为9-10小时 Start the day with /end the day with insemination/longest interval. 每天的早晚两次查情 Presence of an active teaser-boar in front of gilts/sows is a MUST.公猪刺激 必须的！ DSC system = use 2 color markers. 两种颜色标记 Green color morning 早晨 绿色 Red color afternoon 下午红色Heat stimulation/ insemination managementDots: 上午发情上午发情In heat in the morningStripes: 下午配种下午配种Insemination in the afternoon Cross: 发情结束发情结束Not in heat anymore in morningHeat stimulation/ insemination managementOne heat as example in practise: 举例 Found in heat in the morning, stand for boar - green dot First insemination same day afternoon - red stripe Still in heat next morning - green dot Second insemination, second day afternoon- red stripe End of standing for boar /heat next morning - green crossHeat stimulation/ insemination managementMorning WORKS: 上午工作上午工作 Start insemination half an hour after feeding. green stripe. Gilt/sow in heat afternoon day before and inseminated the morning the day before .饲喂后半小时配种-前一天发情的母猪背部打绿线标记 Sow/gilt not in heat any more green cross. 不再发情的母猪背上打绿叉 Later on heat stimulation =standing for boar green dot on shoulder 配种结束后，做发情鉴定，发情的母猪标记绿点Heat stimulation/ insemination managementAfternoon WORKS: Start with heat stimulation = standing for boar red dot on shoulder 先做发情鉴定，母猪背部打红点标记 Last job of day insemination gilt/sow in heat that morning and inseminated the afternoon the day before. red stripe. 临下班前配种母猪或后备母猪 背部打红线标记 Sow/gilt not in heat any more red cross. 发情结束的母猪背部打红叉Heat stimulation/ insemination managementPossible strategy for insemination 配种方案配种方案TYPE OF PIGHEAT CHECKTIME DIFFERENCE1ST INSEMINATIONTIME DIFFERENCE2ND INSEMINATIONGILTS AM12PM24PMPM12AM24AMSOWS 4-5 DAYS AFTER WEANINGAM24AM24AMPM24PM24PMSOWS 6-7 DAYS AFTER WEANINGAM12PM24PMPM12AM24AMRETURN AM12PM24PMPM12AM24AMConclusion: 总结总结 Every positive heat check there must be a COLOR mark on shoulder/back. 配种标记 必须的！ Use 2 different colors = morning and late afternoon两色标记 Before insemination always check strictly standing reflex 严格的发情鉴定 Use always active teaser boars.公猪诱情 A heat period ends ALWAYS with a cross on the back of the sow用叉结束标记 Information needs to be correctly recorded 配种记录准确Heat stimulation/ insemination management Knowing all dots, stripes and crosses, we can estimate when the ovulation have taken place. 标记记录可以帮助分析配种情况 For analyze purpose we COLLECT these data. 为分析配种做数据收集 Registration in FARM Sow Management system:数据录入 If there are less than 4 marks (dots and stripes), it means: short heat period. Make remark on Farm list. 如果标记少于4点，为发情期短， 要记录在FARM 系 If: There are more than 6 marks, it means long heat period. Make remark on Farm list. 如果标记点大于6 点，为发情期长 要记录在FARM 系统Heat stimulation/ insemination managementSows: Heat stimulation/ insemination management Sows (4-5 days after weaning) might need a different approach and strategy = 24 hours interval!母猪可能需要不同的配种方案 The standing heat of a sow is in average longer than from a gilt 母猪的发情期比后备母猪长些 Even between farms there can be a real difference but can be analyzed. 各猪场情况会有所不同 This can result in different strategies for different farms and different groups of sows 不同的情况需要不同的方案Sows: Heat stimulation/ insemination management1) The “normal” sows: coming in heat day 4/5 after weaning They can have a save strategy like O I O I O X 断奶后4-5天发情母猪的正常的配种标记 Better could be O O I O I O X 这种方案可能更好, because these sows show mostly a longer standing heat period. See next slide.2) Sows in heat 6 days after weaning and later O I O I O X3) Sows that aborted and repeats get a same save strategy because we can never be sure of standing heat length. O I O I O X 断奶6天以后发情和返情、流产母猪的配种方式4) Gilts. O I O I O X 后备母猪的配种方式 More strategies with also12 hours insemination interval are possible. 配种时间间隔12 小时也是一种可能Save strategy on a sow with long standing heat periodSows: Heat stimulation/ insemination management Wean sows always at same day of the week and same time of the day. 在每周的同一天同时段 断奶 Sows after weaning, need an energy boost to get in heat fast = lactation feed almost add lib, maximum 7 days = 200 gram/day sugar! 断奶母猪优饲哺乳料， 每天加喂200克糖！ Heat stimulate from day after weaning twice a day with active teaser boars in front = 5 (or 2x5) sows 5 minutes to come in heat as fast as possible = less days between weaning and insemination = less feeding days/less cost. 断奶后每天2次的公猪诱情Calibration- correct amount feed. 饲喂量调整饲喂量调整 Calibration every 2 weeks/new batch of feed The body condition of the sow after weaning can make a real difference in result = % repeats, number piglets! 断奶后母猪的体况直接影响配种准胎率和产仔数 After insemination, feed level needs to be judge based on condition of sow at that moment. 配种后按照母猪体况调整饲喂量 Thin sows need a much higher feed supply to correct the body-condition rapidly. 体况瘦的母猪多喂料 Only first 84 days of pregnancy period are available. 母猪的体况调整要妊娠的前 84天完成 Pregnancy check and actions 妊娠测定妊娠测定 Once a day pregnancy check with a very active boar in front of sows. 每天有一头公猪进行妊娠测定 Starts from 17 days onwards till 45 days after insemination. 测定时间为 配种后的17-45天 Weekly group sows 24 to 30 days inseminated = scanning or ultrasonic test. 配种后的24-30天人工测定是否怀孕 Doubtful/negative checked= check again 31-37 days. 可疑的猪只在31-37 天再次测定 Still doubtful/negative = sows back to insemination area. 仍然没有猪或可疑的 猪移至配种区与断奶母猪一起饲养管理 Pregnancy check and actions. 妊娠测定妊娠测定 Place them between just weaned sows in crates and manage them like these sows. 空怀母猪与刚断奶的母猪一起饲养 同样饲喂管理 Treatment with hormones/PG600 is recommendable = injection exact 37 days after insemination. 配种后的第37天 激素处理- PG 600 注射 Recommendable =sows repeat second time = cull!. 淘汰两次返情的母猪Semen handling 精液的保存精液的保存Storage of the semen must be at 16 to 18 degrees. 16-18 度环境下保存Therefore use of a fridge is essential. 恒温箱冰箱保存Place always a minimum- maximum thermometer in the fridge to check possible variance in temperature.高低温度计测定温度 Take the right amount of semen doses in a Styrofoam box or temperature controlled box with you into insemination area. 每次提取准确数量的精液头份数 This together with catheters and cleaning material. 准备好输精管和 清洁用品 Gilt insemination with special “gilt” catheter. (smaller size) 后备母猪使用细的输精管 Work hygenic. 保持输精工作的卫生Semen-handling and insemination 精液使用精液使用