(外研版)高中英语必修5 Module 1 British and American English知识点整理三.docx

必修5 Module 1 British and American English知识点整理三29.announcement n宣布，公告，通告 announce vt宣布，宣告；声称 announce to sb that通知某人 make an announcement声明 It is announced that据宣布 Please announce to your classmates that there is no class tomorrow. She announced that shed given up smoking. (1)The result of this examination_(announce) tomorrow. (2)Has the change of the schedule_(announce)?Oh,God!I forgot all about it.Ill do it right now.(3)A high-tech park is announced_(build)in this area,but when the project will be put into practice has not been scheduled.(4)We have launched another man-made satellite,which_(announce) in todays newspaper.(5)The judge of a boxing match usually_(announce) the winner by holding up his hand to the excited audience.(6)That George will marry Alice,which_(announce) yet and has spread around.(1)will be announced (2)been announced (3)to be built已宣布要在这个区域建一个高科技园区，但该项目何时将被付诸实施还没有计划。 (4)is announced 我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的，主句是现在完成时，时间的终点为现在，故用一般现在时 (5)announces (6)has not been announced乔治要娶艾丽斯的事还没有宣布，就传得满城风雨。30.辨析：spend,cost,take,pay 和pay for(1)spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用“on+名词”或用 “in（可省略）+动名词”，不接不定式。(2)cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”，表示“花费，耗费”，宾语通常是 life,money,health,time等词，它可以表达“使失去（生命、健康等），主语是物，没有被动语态。常用句型：cost sb sth.(3)take表示“花费”，常用于表达时间，主语常是形式主语it、不定式或事物类名词。常用句型：It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费某人若干时间。(4)pay for主语是人，有被动语态。pay的基本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。 pay for sth. 付款买某物。 pay for sb.替某人付钱。pay sb. 付钱给某人； Shall I pay for you？我替你付款好吗？He can't pay for the TV set at the moment.他现在还不能给这台电视机付款。(1)According to recent US survey,children spend up to 25 hours a week_TV.A.to watch B.to watching C.watching D.watch(2)I_a little more than ten years on the book.A.cost B.took C.spent D.paid(3)That mistake_him his life.A.costed B.cost C.took D.paid(4)He shouldnt have been so careless. The only fault_him his job.A.cost B.took C.spent D.lost(5)I want to start a music school.But it will_a lot of money.Dont worry.Well help you_the money.A.cost;collect B.pay;to raise C.spend;look for D.take;to find out(6)Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?As I know,he spends at least as much time playing as he_.A.writes B.does writing C.is writing D.does write(7)How much money do you need to_the trip to Tibet?Im not sure about it.but it will cost at least 500 yuan.A.pay B.charge C.afford D.cover(8)Im not sure how much scholarship you will receive,but it will roughly粗略地，大致上_your major expenses.A.cover B.afford C.pay D.charge(1)C (2)C (3)B那个错误使他丧了命。(4)A cost意为“使付出（代价）”(5)A (6)Bdo writing 意为“写作”。as . as .用于引导比较状语从句,意为“像一样”,后一个as是连词,后接比较状语从句,he后的谓语要与主句的谓语形式保持一致,根据spends可确定用does writing。句意：你知道Hawk一整天都做什么吗？我知道他至少花费和写作同样多的时间去玩。(7)D cover意为“够支付”， pay意为“支付” (8)A31.pick vi & vt选择；采；摘；挑拣I picked a book to read. 我选了一本书读。We picked apples from the tree.我们从树上摘苹果。pick up的用法(1)（开车）接人；让人乘车；搭载Ill pick you up at 7 oclock.The bus stopped to pick up passengers.(2)拾起，拿起I picked up a wallet and handed it to the teacher.He picked up the letter and read it.他拿起信看了起来。The phone rang and I picked it up.(3)接收，收听My radio picks up France broadcast br:dk:st.我的收音机可收听法国广播。It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.(4)（偶然，无意地）学会；偶然获得She picked up some French when in France.He picked up the information from the magazine.(5)恢复健康；（经济等）逐渐好转Her health soon picked up after a few days rest.她休息了几天，身体很快康复了。I believe things will pick up soon.我相信一切很快都会好转。The world economy 'knm is picking up.世界经济正在复苏。(6)(跌倒后)再爬起来；振作精神He slipped and fell,but quickly picked himself up.他失足跌倒，但马上就站了起来。(7)染上（疾病）pick out挑出，辨别出pick a pocket扒窃pick up speed加速一言辨异Every afternoon,I pick up the radio lying on the desk to pick up the English news. It is over the radio that I pick up English.After that,it is time for me to pick up my son from school. So with my car picking up speed,I can get to the school on time.每天下午，我拿起桌上的收音机听英语广播新闻。就是通过收音机我学会了英语。然后到了我去学校接儿子的时间了。随着车速的加快我能够按时到达学校。(1)Its surprising that your brother_Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.A.picked up B.looked up C.put up D.made up (2)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly_my friend.A.turn out B.bring out C.call out D.pick out(3)Its extremely dangerous for the drivers to_speed as the traffic lights are changing.A.pull up B.put up C.rise up D.pick up(4)Kathy_a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.A.picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up (5)Youd better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can_a rental rentl租赁的 car and travel around.A.take up B.get up C.pick up D.turn up (6)I think your health will soon_if you have a holiday on the seaside.A.give up B.pick up C.take up D.get up (7)He_the book in a most unlikely(不可能的) bookstore. (8)The signal for help was_by another ship which happened to be at hand.A.picked at B.picked off C.picked out D.picked up (9)You used to study French,didnt you?No.I just picked_some words when I was in France on business.(10)With proper measures,the economy in China is beginning to pick_again.(11)Its said that firstborn头生的（子女），children pick_vocabulary more quickly than their younger brothers or sisters.(12)The surviving sailors managed to keep up for several hours and were eventually picked_by a lifeboat.(13)Where did you get this book?I picked it_from a second-hand bookshop if you must know.(14)We are waiting until the weather picks_a little. (15)The professor thought that the idea the young engineer_was worth considering.A.brought up B.made up C.set up D.picked up(16)Under good treatment,Linda is beginning to_and will soon recover.A.turn up B.pick out C.pick up D.show up (17)I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice the instant I_the phone.(18)It is reported that someone_Ebola in that area. (19)I_a flu when I was on a spring outing远足，郊游，短途旅行 with my classmates.A.made up B.picked up C.took up D.brought up (20)I have 800 karaoke songs in here.You can take your_and Ill record them for you.A.pick B.turn C.role D.step (1)A (2)D (3)D (4)A (5)C你最好乘飞机去西部的某个地方。然后，你可以租一辆汽车四处观光。搭载 (6)B (7)picked up (8)D求救信号刚好被在附近的另一艘船收到。(9)up我不过是在法国出差时学会一些单词 (10)up (11)up据说，长子/女比他/她们的弟弟/妹妹学习词汇更快。(12)up 幸存的水手设法坚持了几个小时，最后被救生艇救了。pick up捡起，让上车/船 (13)up 如果你必须知道，我是在一个旧书店里买到的 (14)up我们要一直等到天气好转。(15)A教授认为那位年轻的工程师提出的想法值得考虑。(16)C (17)picked up (18)has picked up据报道，那个地区有人感染埃博拉病毒了。pick up染上(19)B (20)A我这里有800首卡拉OK的歌曲，你可以挑选，并且我将为你录制。32.wear off逐渐消失，逐渐缩小wear out穿破，磨损；使累垮 The effects of the drug naturally wear off within a few hours.这药的效力几个小时后会自然消失。 She keeps wearing herself out for other people.她总是为别人忙得筋疲力尽。 Many young people were crazy about going abroad many years ago,but recently it has been starting to_. A.wear off B.show off C.take off D.turn off A多年前，很多年轻人热衷于出国，但是近来这种出国热开始降温了。33.carry的用法(1)刊载；登载All the newspapers carried articles about the governments plan.各个报刊都登载了有关政府计划的文章。They are the newspapers that carry weather reports.这些是登有天气预报的报纸。(2)运送；传送；携；提；扛；背The goods will be carried by lorry lri to London.这些货物将用卡车运往伦敦。How did they cut ,carry and lift such huge stones?他们是怎样开凿、搬运并抬起这么巨大的石头的呢？carry back运回；使回想起Would you carry the chairs back into the house for me? 你能替我把这些椅子送回那个屋子里吗 ?The sound of seagullssi:gl carried her back to childhood holidays by the sea.她听到海鸥的叫声就回忆起童年时在海边度假的情景。carry out搬出（某物）；履行（计划或义务等）；执行；实施carry out a plan/order/promise/instructions/ones duty/an experiment/advice/tests 执行计划/执行命令/履行诺言/执行指示/履行职责/做实验/按建议办/进行试验。Would you please carry out the desk into the garden请你把桌子搬到花园里去好吗？ You must carry out your duty你必须履行你的职责。 carry on“进行”，“继续进行”事业、斗争、讨论、谈话等意思。有时还可以跟with短语After his fathers death,Bill carried on with the business.比尔在父亲死后，继续做生意。He told them to carry on. 他叫他们继续进行。Carry on (with) your work. 继续你的工作。carry through将进行到底；渡过难关；完成carry sb through帮助某人渡过难关carry sth through成功地完成某事Carry the revolution through to the end. 将革命进行到底。His courage will carry him through. 他的勇气使他战胜困难，渡过难关。They carried through the work in a month.他们一个月就完成了这项工作。(1)Its a good idea.But whos going to_the plan?I think Tom and Greg will.A.set aside B.carry out C.take in D.get through(2)To keep healthy,Professor Johnson_cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.A.look up B.caught on C.carried out D.made for(3)The newspaper_the news that makes everybody happy.A.carries B.brings C.takes D.fetches(4) _ a moment and I will go to your rescue. A.Go on B.Hold on C.Move on D.Carry on (5)He made a promise of help,but didnt_it.（用carry短语填空）(6)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents,but now we_fine.A.look out B.stay up C.carry on D.get along(7)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if_regularly,can improve our health.A.being carried out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out(8)The meal over,the managers went back to the meeting room to_their discussion.A.put away B.take down C.look over D.carry on(1)B (2)C为保持身体健康，教授退休后以骑自行车作为常规锻炼方式。carry out实施 (3)A (4)B go on继续，进行，进展 ；move on 开始做（别的事）；carry on继续做 (5)carry out (6)D但现在相处得很好。(7)C (8)D34.辨析：add to和add up to add to表示“增加，增添” The bad weather added to difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了难度。 add up to表示“加起来总共，合计达到”，还可以表示“（总起来看）说明，意味着”之意。 The figures add up to 137.这些数目加起来总和是137. add to把加进 add up相加Add up 3,4 and 5 and youll get 12.把三、四、五相加，总数是十二。 add that补充说 addition n 加法；附加物in addition另外 in addition to除之外 表示“除之外(还)” besides 和 in addition to 同义additional dnl adj附加的；另外的additionally 'dnl adv.此外；加之We needed additional money for our trip.我们出去旅游需要额外的钱。In addition to English, she knows Japanese.In addition, they do not match very much. 除此之外,他们两人并不十分般配。 (1)The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather_the helplessness of the crew at sea. A.added to B.resulted from C.turned out D.made up (2)The cost of their trip to Singapore_5,000 dollars. A.added up to B.added up C.added to D.was added up to(3)The heavy rain_their difficulty in climbing the mountain.（用add短语填空）(4)Mr Smith made a speech,_he liked the visit to China very much.(add)(5)Barker refused to answer more questions,_(add) that he enjoyed his stay here.(6)The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_(add) that he enjoyed his stay here.(7)On Christmas Eve,we put up some balloons to_the festival atmosphere.A.make for B.add up C.add to D.join in(8)The money he spends every month_about 100 yuan.A.adds up to B.adds up C.adds D.adds to(9)_giving a general introduction of computers,the course also provides practical experience.(10)China Daily provides us with timely tamli及时的 information._,it helps us to improve our English.(11)I really dont want to go;_,the weather is so cold outside.(12)The past two years witnesses a sharp rise in oil price,which_the burden of the auto transportation industry.(13)A bonus bns奖金 of up to 5 percent can_a pupils final exam marks as a reward for good spelling and grammar.(1)A (2)A (3)added to(4)adding史密斯先生作了发言，并补充说他很喜欢这次中国之行。(5)adding Barker拒绝回答更多的问题，还说他已经说了太多了。add“又说，补充说” 现在分词作状语(6)adding来访的部长表达了他对会谈的满意，还补充说他在这里停留期间过得很开心。现在分词作状语(7)C在圣诞节前夜，我们挂起了一些气球来增添节日的气氛。(8)A (9)In addition to除了介绍电脑概况，该课程还提供了上机实践 (10)In addition (11)in addition (12)adds to过去两年经历了油价的急剧上涨，这加重了汽车运输业的负担 (13)be added to因为拼写漂亮，语法准确，才能在期末考试总分上加百分之五作为奖励。35.favour n恩惠；支持 do sb a favour=do a favour for sb帮助某人 in favour of赞成，支持 ask sb a favour= ask a favour of sb请某人帮个忙 owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情 win sbs favour赢得某人的好感 in ones favour受（某人）喜爱的，对（某人）有利的 out of favour失宠的，不流行的 Could you do me a favour and turn off the light? He did me the favour of buying a ticket to Beijing. Im all in favour of people going out and enjoying themselves.我完全支持人们出去好好玩一下。Bob made good grades in high school,and that was in his favour when he looked for a job.鲍勃在中学是成绩优秀，这在他找工作时对他有利。 He owe me a favour.他欠我一个情。 Hey,can I ask you a favour?Sure,what can I do for you?favourable fevrbl adj造成的，有利的，有帮助的 be favourable for/to对有利 “in+n+of”短语 in honour of为了向表示敬意 in memory of为了纪念 in need of需要 in place of代替 in fear of害怕 in praise of表扬 in sight of 在看得见的地方 in case of万一 in search of寻找 in support of支持in charge of负责，掌管；照料（人作主语） in the charge of=in ones charge由负责（物作主语） (1)Would you please give us an example_your opinion on“Two Olympic,Equal Splendor”? A.in charge of B.in want of C.in favour of D.in honour of (2)Some classmates are against my plan while the majority are_it. A.in view of B.in favor of C.in honor of D.in memory of (3)May I ask a_of you to download the song by Liu Dehua?With pleasure. A.favour B.request C.help D.command (4)Early in his musical career,he abandoned blues_jazz. A.in memory of B.in honour of C.in search of D.in favour of (5)Although the whole world is faced with the economic crisis,the exchange rate is in our_at the moment. A.favour B.way C.support D.advantage (1)C.你能举例来支持你关于“两个奥运，同样精彩”的观点吗？(2)B (3)A (4)D在他早期的音乐生涯中，他放弃了布鲁斯音乐转而支持爵士乐。(5)A36.present vt,n & adj (1)vt陈述；提出（观点、计划等）；赠送；颁发，授予；引见（介绍）；呈现 present sth to sb=present sb with sth把某物赠送/递交给某人present sb to sb把某人介绍给某人 I was extremely interested in the ideas he presented in class. She presented a tie to her father. They presented him with a bunch of flowers.=They presented a bunch of flowers to him. He presented the report to his colleagues at the meeting.他在会议上向同事们提交了报告。 (2)n礼物，礼品 I want to buy a present for my mother and father. (3)adj 出席的；到场的（作后置定语） 目前的；现在的（作前置定语）at present=at the present time目前，现在for the present(moment)暂时，就目前来说 All the people present at the meeting were asked to present their own opinions about the present situation.所有出席这次会议的人都被要求陈述一下对当前形势的看法。(1)All the people_at the party were his supporters. A.present B.thankful C.interested D.important (2)All the comrades_here are supposed to say something about it. A.present B.coming C.invited D.all the above (3)There are plenty of jobs_in the western part of our country. A.present B.available C.precious D.convenient (4)A vivid picture is present_his eyes. A.at