Analysis of the emanometer辐射防护专业英语论文.docx

Analysis of the emanometerYuan zicheng (Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu Erxianqiao 610059)Abstract The article Analysis the emanometer in studying field. Used in underground engineering, mining, tourism cave, nuclear facilities, the associated uranium and radon measurement of indoor environment, health supervision and evaluation of radioactive detection, is a search for radon, radon source (th) device management, radiation safety evaluation and other necessary.Keywords emanometer ;Radon ;decay ;admeasuring apparatus1.IntroductionRadon overviewRadon is a natural radioactive decay of radium isotopes in sub uranium and thorium decay series in the body, itself also has the radiation, emits an alpha particle decay, become the radon progeny, the half-life of 3.825 days.Radon measurement can be used to explore the uranium deposit in recent years has developed to can be used for oil exploration, is of great significance in the search for clean energy. Our use of water radon variation of earthquake prediction has been 40 years of history, the recent international and soil atmosphere to predict earthquakes have new breakthrough. In recent years, the World Health Organization announced the natural radiation people by 50% is caused by radon and radon in the environment of inhaled too much can cause lung cancer and other diseases, therefore the radon measurement has gradually become a topic of public concern. A comprehensive understanding of instrument types, principle and application for people to pay more attention to. Classification of the radon measurement instrumentMeasuring method and instrument of radon and radon many, there are about 30 more.The physicochemical properties of radonRadon is a colorless odorless transparent unit of inert gas in the standard state, density is 9.73kg/m3. When the temperature dropped to -65 into a liquid, its density is 5.7 × 103kg/mol. The temperature dropped further to -71 become shiny orange solid.Radon is an inert gas, is not easy to produce chemical reaction. Radon decay half-life of 3.825d, when the energy of alpha particles emitted by 5.49MeV. Radon can be dissolved in water and other liquids, it is easy to dissolve in the blood and fat, can be dissolved in the rubber, the lytic factor (the ratio concentration in the air of the liquid sample and) has close relation with temperature, pressure. At the same time radon + adsorption easily activated carbon, clay and other porous materials. Activated carbon adsorption coefficient is a function of temperature, the typical values listed in table -1.Activated carbon adsorption coefficientTemperature-12016405075100200adsorption coefficient15050631022358406302701430Note: the adsorption coefficient is urticant per gram of activated carbon (Bq/m3) ratio.2.Basic knowledge of radon detector1) according to the different situation to classification determinationDivided into the soil radon measurement method of radon in the air, a method for the determination of radon in water, the determination method of three categories, each category also includes a number ofMethods.2) according to the different purposes of measuring radon, took different approachesUse of radon to search for uranium and thorium deposits for earthquake prediction, oil, etc., determination and the environment or the indoor radon, the method will be different.3) according to the determination of isotopic species of different classificationDirect measurement of radon itself, or indirectly measuring radon first generation progeny of radium (RaA A; it's Po) of radioactive, this also is a kind of classification method.4) according to the different sampling methods to classifyCan pump portion of the atmosphere (air, water or soil gas) "to determine the grab", or may be passive type (passive) wait for radon spread itself to detector and accumulated for a period of time after the probe to analysis. The former is called warm method (differential) measurement, and the latter is called the cumulative sum method (integral) measurement.3.List of radon detectorContinuous measuring radon and its progenyIntroductionRadon and its progeny continuous measuring instrument for portable "real-time" "continuous" measurement of radon concentration and radon concentration and total potential multifunctional instrument, as the "active" sampling structure, has the advantages of typical, can be used in underground engineering, mining, tourism cave, nuclear facilities, places associated uranium series and indoor environmental radon measurement, health supervision and evaluation of radioactive detection, is a search for radon, radon source (th) device management, radiation safety evaluation and other necessary, with the radiation effect on Application Study on estimation of radon and radon dose monitoring requirements. Available for immediate results, simple operation, easy to carry, suitable for large-scale survey radon level.Conditions of useA) environment temperature: -10 45 Relative humidity: 95% b)C) power supply: 6V battery, equipped with charger, battery charging time can work for 6 hours; can also be used AC220/50Hz.The main technical performanceA): a semiconductor detector, the detector has the advantages of small size, fast response, insensitive to gamma.B) instrument background: 2cpm. Sensitivity: 1.2 × 10cps/Bq/m (RN).C) detection efficiency of Pu- non-point source: 40% (2 D) counting capacity of 99999999; measuring range: radon / radon concentration of 2-1 × 10Bq/m, potential concentration: 1 x 10-10J/m.E) to measure the time interval: 1 (measurement of radon concentration), 3 (sub body and potential measurement) are 26min, namely 26 gives results; 2 for 1 100 minutes according to the radon level set the timing measurement of radon concentration; the inside of the instrument has been set to 26min, can meet the needs of the general measurement of configurable micro printer output data.F) the instrument of high degree of automation, which can change the parameter settings, automatic display, instant results, set up the "output" function key, it can store 100 historical measurements.G) micro sampling pump: 2L/min (built-in); 30 ordinary filter paper.H) the size and weight: 245*245*255, 3Kg.RLM-I radon detectorIntroductionRadon detector of type RLM-I is radon monitoring method and technology in the most advanced, Germany based on, and American radon detector is comparable, with high price performance ratio, meet the radon measurement standard measurement requirements for GB14582-1993 and GB30325 and the International Electrotechnical Commission, which can meet the environmental monitoring and scientific test uranium radium mine, coal mine, indoor environment, metal mines, health and environmental protection departments RLM-I radon measuring instrument. With soil sampling rod soil radon measurement, matching water gas bubbling device to realize the measurement of radon in water, supporting the exhalation rate cover and the detection device can realize the measuring radon exhalation rate.Technical parameters:Power source: 220VAC/5VDC, 1A power adapterBattery: 6V/7A batteries battery (when the full power available for instrument work continuously for about 10 hours)Detector: 30 mm semiconductor detectoDisplay: 160*160 dot matrix LCD, a white backlightMeasuring range: 0 999999Bq · M-3Uncertainty: < 15% (when the radon concentration > 200Bq · M-3)Sensitivity: 70cpm · Bq-1Working mode: continuous sampling period measurement mode: 26 points, the precise mode: 5-99 minutes of optional, fast mode for 15 minutes.Data interface: RS-232 interface (9 pin), can be connected with a micro printer and providing the data interface protocolMemory: EEPROM storageWorking environment: -20 -40 , 0 90%RHSize: 385mm x 370mm x 235mmWeight: 5.5kg1RECM-III radon measuring instrumentIntroductionRECM-III radon radon detector is a portable surface radon exhalation rate of radon concentration measurement and the two functions of radon measuring instrument, instrument measuring radon measurement method based on design requirements of its typical structure, can "real-time" "fast" measure medium surface radon and radon concentration in air, can be used to measure precipitation rate and concentration of radon in underground engineering, mining, tourism cave, nuclear facilities, tailings and building materials, soil, ground surface radon radon exhalation of radon measurement instrument of type RECM-III, is a necessary device for looking for the source of radon and radon control. Suitable for GB50325 "civil engineering indoor pollution control norms" (2006 version) determination and measurement of radon concentration in air requirements of soil radon exhalation rate from the surface, but also in the construction or renovation before the stone, cement, paint and other building materials for radiation detection and identification, guide the quality of materials and environmental radon control.Detection efficiency of 239Pu non-point source: 35% (2Counting capacity of 99999999Measuring range: radon emanation of 5 × 10-5 102Bq/ (M2 · s), radon concentration of 3 106Bq/m3Measurement of time: 2 ways to measure radon exhalation rate, measuring the time interval between 1 120 minutes according to the radon exhalation rate set, 1 for continuous measurement of radon concentration, can save 100 historical measurementsCan change the parameter settings, automatic display, real-time measurement results are given etc.Don't use an external printer, measuring the history value according to the output keys and keys can be found on theEnvironment temperature: -5 40 ; relative humidity: 90%Power supply: built-in 6V battery charger, equipped with specializedSize and weight: 300*290*290, 5.5KgRTM-I radon thoron measurement instrumentIntroductionRTM-I radon thoron measurement instrument for portable "real-time" "continuous" measurement of radon / radon thoron progeny of thorium concentration and total PAEC multifunctional instrument, as the "active" sampling structure, has the advantages of typical, RTM-I radon detector can be used in underground engineering, mining, tourism, the cave nuclear facilities in place, the associated uranium and radon measurement of indoor environment, health supervision and evaluation of radioactive detection, is a device for finding the source of radon, radon / thoron governance, radiation safety evaluation and other necessary, with the radiation effect on radon thorium progeny monitoring and radon dose (dose) applied research requirements. The instrument can be instant results, simple operation, easy to carry, is suitable for the investigation of radon level large-scale thorium.1 conditions of useA) environment temperature: -10 45 Relative humidity: 95% b)C) power supply: 6V battery, equipped with charger, battery charging time can work for 6 hours; can also be used AC220/50Hz.2 main technical performance of radon detectorA): a semiconductor detector, the detector has the advantages of small size, fast response, insensitive to gamma.B) instrument background: 2cpm. Sensitivity: 1.2 × 10-3cps/Bq/m3 (RN).C) detection efficiency of 239Pu- non-point source: 40% (2 D) counting capacity of 99999999; measuring range: radon / radon concentration of 2-1 × 106Bq/m3, potential concentration: 1 x 10-8-10-2J/m3.E) to measure the time interval: 1 (measurement of radon concentration), 3 (measuring body potential of radon concentration in th promoter) were 26min, namely 26 gives results; 2 for 1 100 minutes according to the radon level set the timing of radon concentration measurement instrument of thorium; internal has been set to 26min, which can meet the environmental measuring the need of environmental protection.F) the instrument of high degree of automation, which can change the parameter settings, automatic display, instant results, set up the "output" function key, it can store 100 historical measurements.G) micro sampling pump: 1L/min (built-in).Size and weight: 245*245*255, 5Kg.4.FD125 radon thoron analyzerProduct introduction:FD125 RN th analyzer or indoor ray analyzer, and it matched to measuring radioactive elements uranium and thorium samples emanation, can also be used for the determination of trace concentrations of radon in water sample and the tunnel. Scintillation chamber is two internal coated ZnS (Ag) scintillator organic glass hemisphere, the disc can be installed three scintillation chamber at the same time, one of them is located at the upper end of the photomultiplier tube, is measured scintillation chamber, the other two in the dark, waiting for the measurement, with the handle to change the disc scintillation chamber position so can not stop, under the condition of continuous change, the scintillation chamber samples, until after the measurement.Technical performance:Measurement of radium, scintillation chamber filled with gas for one hour, the measurement time is 100s, the coefficient of the scintillation chamber radium was about 1.4 × 10-13gRa/ pulse.Determination of thorium, the step-down method (continuous pumping), measuring time is 300s, the 1g soluble mineral samples, accurate determination of thorium content of more than 3/10000.Scintillation chamber the inherent background (not emanation measurement of scintillation chamber) of not more than 100 count s-1.Scintillation chamber is sealed, when flashing indoor residual pressure 1.33 × 104Pa (100mmHg), in 10 minutes leakage less than 1.33 × 103Pa (10mmHg).In a good working environment, repeated measurement error is less than ± 10% samples.Extreme temperatures, additional measurement error is less than ± 15%.At a temperature of 35 ± 2 , relative humidity 95 ± 3%, additional measurement error is less than ± 10%.Preheating for half an hour, continuous working 8h, additional measurement error is less than ± 10%.General transport vibration and shock resistance.The use of the environment:Good working environment: temperature 20 ± 5 ,Relative humidity is 65 ± 5%;Limit working environment: temperature 0 45 95% relative humidity;Power: power from an external supply, the amplifier is +9V 10VDC voltage, photomultiplier tube power supply is 0 1500V adjustable negative high voltage dc.The weight of the instrument:Weight: 16KG5.Radon measurement instrument useWidely used in underground engineering, mining, tourism cave, nuclear facilities, the associated uranium and radon measurement of indoor environment, supervision and evaluation of radioactive detection, is a search for radon, radon source (th) governance, radiation safety evaluation for radon source of radon, radon and other applications.