On How to Improve Undergraduates’ Reading Ability 英语阅读技能论文.doc

On How to Improve Undergraduates Reading Ability【摘 要】英语阅读能力是英语学习者学习英语的关键。在大学英语教学当中，阅读理解是非常重要的，而且对于很多大学生来说，阅读理解又是基本技能和学习目标。本文通过分析影响阅读能力的因素，探讨如何提高大学生的英语阅读能力。【关键词】大学英语 阅读技能 教学方法 the situation & problems in reading for undergraduatesenglish reading is the most frequent activity in language learning, its also a way to improve other language skills. only abundance of reading can improve listening, speaking, writing etc. reading teaching plays an important role in college english teaching, but there are still some problems in english reading for undergraduates.1basic language knowledge barrierbasic language knowledge includes pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. vocabulary directly influences the students understanding in reading, so vocabulary mainly influences ones reading ability. although college students have accumulated a certain extent words when they enter college, they still cant use words freely and most of them are lack of words. due to poor vocabulary, they often have to stop reading to guess the meaning of words while they are reading which slow down their reading speed and finally influence the understanding of the passage. students have learned grammar in middle school, but lots of students can not make a clear sense of grammar and they could not analyze long sentences and complicated sentences which may cause some misunderstandings. poor vocabulary and grammar are two biggest barriers in reading activity for college students.2cultural background knowledge barrierin reading process, culture differences may confuse readers. if one can not understand the background information of the passage, they can only get the literally meaning which is meaningless. there is a cultural gap between english speaking countries and china. westerners and chinese have different history, geography, religion and culture which make a lot of differences in aspects of life. these differences show in many fields and what we often meet is idioms. english articles involve not only abundance of information about history, culture, religion, customs, politics, but also scientific knowledge. if students dont know these differences, they can not understand the passage correctly.3bad reading habitslots of students used to read the words quietly and use their pens to point words while they are doing reading. when students meet new words, they may stop and read the word again and again.the habit is distractive, its not good for readers to get the main idea of the passage and reader may lose their interests. then reader may look up the words in a dictionary. this habit may make students lose the ability to think and solve problems independently in a long term. the habit also causes students to focus on single word which may influence the reading speed and the understanding of passage. its not the way to cultivate students ability to think and solve problem in english. teaching tactics on how to improve undergraduates reading ability reading teaching relates to the success of college english teaching, and it also decides whether the final purpose of college english teaching will realize or not. therefore, we must pay enough attention to the teaching of english reading and try our best to improve undergraduates reading ability. as what the paper mentioned above, here are some tactics on how to improve college students reading ability.1inspire students interests & strengthen the introduction of cultural background informationinterest is the best teacher. interest is a state of wanting to learn or know. if students get more interested in studying english, the more motivated they will be. students will learn actively with interests. in the teaching procedure of english reading, teachers should provide formal reading environment and real reading materials which have to be standard. it means teachers should have a deep understanding of the following informationstudents studying objective, expectation, language level, difficulties of the reading materials, types of passages, then teachers could have a definite object in view as one who shoots the arrow at the target. generally speaking, teachers should choose lively, vivid reading materials which suits students language level.2improve students ability of analysisgrammar and vocabulary is the precondition for english reading, expression comprehension is the basis of reading comprehension. its the key point for students to learn analyzing skills which decides whether students could improve their reading ability or not. since it can cultivate and inspire students creativity thoughts, and it redound to students language ability and communication ability. in english reading teaching, teachers should pay attention to the subjects of reading materials which should involve daily lifelegend, famous people, society, culture, history, geography, science, politics, economics, etc. teachers should analyze the characteristics of types of literature specifically to students. firstly, teachers should teach students to forecast style and subject of passage according to the topic and background information, then skim passage to validate your predict. secondly, teachers can tell students to summarize the main idea of passage and know the main purpose of passage through questions, charts, etc. thirdly, students should read passage paragraph by paragraph and find out the topic sentence and main idea of each paragraph. fourthly, we can analyze the logic and the matter of writing of the passage. finally, teachers ask students to read text carefully to have a deeper understanding. students can improve their reading ability when they can use these skills freely.3cultivate good reading habitsreading skills generally include following meansskimming （to skim reading material and get the main idea in a short time）, skipping （to run ones eyes over reading material , skip irrelevant information and find out needed details, just like place, name, numbers）, seeking for topic sentence. different types of passages have different ways to find out topic sentences, take narration as an example, we have to grasp the beginning, happening and ending and get the main idea through the scenario. exposition usually uses illustration, classification & division, definition, comparison & contrast to explain one thing, so the topic sentence usually lies in the beginning or ending paragraph. argumentation usually has two different points, so we have to pay attention to the two points to catch the essential idea. conjunction is also very important in english reading. conjunction is the ligament between sentences and paragraphs, these words can predict the following text effectively and its also very helpful for students to speed up while reading. so teachers should lead students to practice these skills consciously, and try to cultivate good reading habits. 4improve reading speedreading comprehension and reading speed are two main factors for reading efficiency. reading speed relates to the success of exams. if students reading speed cant be improved, its hard to gain a good result in exams. reading speed has to be strengthened if students want to improve their reading efficiency. skimming is a very effective way for students to quicken their reading speed and comprehension. on the other hand, teachers should cultivate and train students to master reading skills, and teach students how to use skimming and skipping in practice. in order to improve reading speed, teachers can ask students to finish reading exercise in requested time. students have to centralize, and they cant look up dictionary and other reference books. through this way, students can enlarge their vocabulary and improve their comprehensive language ability.in conclusion, english reading plays a very important role in english learning and its also the difficulty for college students to improve reading ability. both teachers and students should have a clear sense of the importance of reading ability. teachers also have to attach importance to the problems which influence students greatly and help students to overcome these difficulties. teachers should inspire students reading interests, widen students reading scope, strengthen the introduction of cultural background knowledge, cultivate students good reading habits, and make students master different kinds of reading skills and tactics in english teaching. only in this way, students can improve their reading ability.references1胡春洞.英语阅读论m.南宁：广西教育出版社，19982李树河.大学英语阅读的重要性及策略研究j.内蒙古财经学院学报（综合版），2005（4）3唐滟珊.大学英语阅读教学模式的探索j.高教论坛，2005（5）英语谚语警句100句精选Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience.谚语是日常经验的结晶。1. Look before you leap./Second thoughts are best. 三思而后行。/再想而后行。2. Great minds think alike; (heroes have similar views.) 英雄所见略同。 3. We shall never have friends if we expect to find them without fault.欲求完美无缺的朋友必然成为孤家寡人。4. What you sow, you must mow. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。5. A beggar can never be bankrupt.天无绝人之路。6.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。7. No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。8. No cross, no crown. 不经历风雨,怎么见彩虹。9. The more haste, the less speed. /Haste makes waste.欲速则不达。10. Victory belongs to the most persevering. 坚持就是胜利！11. A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。12. Put ones foot in ones mouth. 说话不得体。13. It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收/悔恨已晚/木已成舟,回天乏力。14. Content is better than riches. 知足常乐。15. No gains without pains. 没有辛苦就没有收获。16. The more a man knows, the more he is inclined to be modest. 大智若愚。17. All roads lead to Rome .条条大路通罗马。18. A snow year, a rich year. 瑞雪兆丰年。19. Never say die! 永不言败！20. The best mirror is a friends eye. 朋友的眼睛是最好的镜子。 21. Faith will move mountain. 精诚所至，金石为开。 22. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生没有朋友，犹如生活没有了太阳。 23. Great wits have short memories.贵人多忘事。 24. Do well and have well. 善有善报。25. A bad thing never dies. 坏事传千年。26. Four eyes see more than two. 人多识广/集思广益。27. Diligence is the parent of success. 勤劳是成功的根本。28. Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away.滴水穿石。29. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。 30. While there is life, there is hope. /Debt is better than death. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。/有生命就有希望。31. Where there is a will, there is a way. 功夫不负有心人。/有志者事竟成。32. Where there is great love, there are always miracles. 哪里有真爱存在，哪里就有奇迹。33. Where there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。34. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚挑水喝，两个和尚抬水喝，三个和尚没水喝。35. A stitch in time saves nine. 及时缝一针能省九针。/小洞不补，大洞吃苦。36. Never too old to learn, never too late to turn. 亡羊补牢，为时不晚。37. Dont claim to know what you dont know. 不要不懂装懂。38. Do in Rome as Roman do. 入乡随俗。39. Rome was not built in a day. 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。40. Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood. 磨刀不误砍柴工。 41. Things of a kind come together, people a mind fall into a group. 物以类聚,人以群分。 42. One mans meat is another mans poison. 萝卜白菜,各有所爱。43. like author like book.文如其人。46. Like for like. 惺惺相惜。47. Like teacher like pupil. 有其师必有其徒。48. Gods that run many hares kill none.贪多必失。49. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。50. Actions speak louder than words. 行胜于言。51. You cannot eat your cake and have it. 鱼与熊掌，不可兼得。52. One loses by pride and gains by modesty. 满招损,谦受益。53. Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。54. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 每日一苹果远离医生。55. Time past cannot be called back again. 时光不倒流。56. A drop of water cannot make a sea, and a tree cannot make a wood. 滴水不成海，独木不成林。57. If you venture nothing, you will have nothing. 不入虎穴,焉得虎子。58.The tree is known by its fruit. 观其行知其人。59. All work no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。60. The pot calls the kettle black. 五十步笑百步。61. Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person. 恶有恶报。62. Todays work should never be left over till tomorrow. 今日事今日毕。63. Nothing so bad but might have been worse. 塞翁失马,焉知非福。 64. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。65. Complacency is the enemy of study. 学习的敌人是自己的满足。66. A fox may grow gray, but never good.江山易改，本性难移。67. A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友。68. A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。69. A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。70. A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。71. A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改。72. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。73. All good things come to an end. 天下没有不散的筵席。74. Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。75A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。76. A man can do no more than he can. 凡事都应量力而行。77. A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。78. Diamond cuts diamond. 强中自有强中手。79. Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。80. Do it now. 机不可失，时不再来。81. It is the unforeseen that always happens. 天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。82. Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。83. Do well and have well. 善有善报。84. Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。85. Every advantage has its disadvantage.有利必有弊。86. Every day is not Sunday. 好景不常在。87. Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。88. Every man has his weak side. 人人都有弱点。89. Every potter praises hit pot. 王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸。90. Experience must be bought. 吃一堑，长一智。91. Far from eye, far from heart. 眼不见，心不烦。92. First come, first served. 先来后到。93. Judge not from appearances.人不可貌相，海不可斗量。94. Gold will not buy anything.黄金并非万能。95. He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。96. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯错误，就一事无成。97. Learn not and know not. 不学无术。98. It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 99. It takes three generations to make a gentleman.十年树木，百年树人。100. It is the first step that costs troublesome. 万事开头难。