Building science and modern urban traffic management system.doc

交通工程专业毕业设计英文翻译 河北工程大学土木工程学院2015年3月25日In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization, urban traffic congestion in major cities has become a top challenge. Therefore, the establishment of efficient, fast, low-cost, low pollution and sustainable development of urban transport system is imminent. Sustainable development of urban transport system's basic idea is: great efforts to build and encourage public transport, improve urban planning structure; integrated urban planning, overall planning and urban transportation hub of each functional area; adhere to public participation in urban planning, building science and modern urban traffic management system. With the rapid development of our national economy and city change a process to accelerate, how to solve city traffic problems have become the city sustainable development is an important topic, city road traffic management work is facing a severe challenge. For this we need a corresponding city traffic management evaluation system to determine the current city traffic management level, to the city traffic management development for quantitative analysis and evaluation, so as to improve the efficiency of city traffic management and city road traffic capacity.Long-term since, city traffic congestion, traffic disorder has been plagued the city for national economic and social development problems. City construction due to funding limitations and the scarcity of land resources, decided unilaterally strengthen city road construction, to meet the traffic demand solutions in practice it is difficult to fully effective, from supply and demand two respects to begin to solve city traffic problems, especially through making proper traffic management planning, improve traffic the level of management, carry out traffic demand management strategy, fully tap the potential ability of traffic facilities, in order to reduce the travel demand, reducing the travel time, equilibrium traffic flow distribution, to a certain extent so as to alleviate the growing traffic congestion situation.City transportation system planning theory has been developing for nearly 50 years, Western developed country from twentieth Century 50 to60 time begin large-scale infrastructure construction of the city traffic, academia to city traffic infrastructure construction to provide theoretical guidance, put forward city traffic planning theory system, namely the city transportation infrastructure construction is decision-making city transportation planning support system, mainly to solve the city transportation infrastructure ( such as roads, railway stations, parking and other ) should not be built, built where ( layout ), build more large-scale, when to build wait for a problem, in order to provide decision support for the above problems, the city transportation system planning theory to establish a set of the traffic construction project ( or group of items, namely plan ) was built after effect prediction analysis simulation, simulation model and analysis method, so that the decision makers in the scheme implementation knew that before the implementation effect, can avoid blind construction phenomenon. City traffic management is designed to regulate traffic order, balance the traffic load, improve transportation efficiency. And road building, road traffic management also need to plan, which requires the establishment of city traffic management decision support system. City traffic management planning is mainly to solve the traffic facilities have been built ( mainly road network, the station, parking lots and the like ) or management, when to start, how to manage the construction management, to which traffic management facilities and other issues, to the above problems provide decision support, city traffic management planning theory system needs to establish a set of traffic management strategy ( traffic demand management, traffic management and traffic management ) after the implementation of facility construction project ( or group of items ) after the completion of forecasting the effect analysis of the simulation, simulation model and analysis method, make the policymaker can in traffic management plan implementation knew that before the implementation effect, can avoid blind management phenomenon.City traffic management planning scheme designFirst, great efforts to build and encourage public transport Full implementation of bus priority to the development of ideas, adjust and optimize urban transport structure for the expansion of the city in terms of the basic aspects of sustainable development is to maximize growth and minimize waste of space. In the past in order to boost consumption and increase tax revenue, are performed throughout the development of policies to encourage private car With the rising income of the urban population, the use of private cars has doubled the number of people every year, resulting in rapid increase in urban vehicle fleet, resulting in some cities, traffic load to the limit, causing serious congestion while compared with the use of private vehicles, city public transport system meets the requirements of sustainable development, for most people in terms of urban public transport travel is still the most convenient transport. in Paris, France, for example, anti-wear pull comprehensive set of inter-city railway hub, city rail, subway, light rail, conventional public transport, taxis as a whole, the formation of a highly efficient integrated transport system, while present, due to the acceleration of urbanization, many local governments ignored the urban public transport development of an important role in urban planning process does not consider supporting the building of the public transport system, often resulting in urban traffic congestion, resulting in great waste and pollution. Public transport system low consumption, low pollution and vigorously build and encourage the use of public transport and sustainable urban transport structure should be based on a variety of public transport systems (subway, light rail, public steam train) for the mainstream, to support traffic system (private cars, taxis, non-motor, etc.) as a useful complement to the formation of three-dimensional multilevel urban transport network of bus priority system to implement the principle of operation can greatly reduce the number of cars, thereby reducing vehicle exhaust emissions, exhaust gas treatment to ease the problem . Case Study of Beijing, Beijing to give priority to the development of public transport strategy, efforts to promote 'transit city', and raise the carrying capacity of transportation facilities and transportation services. By 2015 the proportion of central city public transport travel up to 45%, of which , peak commuter travel, the proportion of public transport share of 50% or more. take public transport rail transport passenger and strive to reach about 50%. Links to free download.Therefore, when the city bus route planning, we should work closely with the city road planning and construction, comprehensive coordination between the old and new routes, bus routes have been carefully adjusted, fully integrated urban development planning and land use changes in layout, expansion of bus line network density and coverage of bus stops, bus to eliminate 'blind spots.' Moreover, according to world-wide success proved that rapid transit (BRT and intelligent transportation system as a transition and complement is feasible, sustainable and effective solution to it existing urban traffic congestion, environmental pollution and other issues. Second, improve urban planning organization, to enhance coordination between government departments Urban transport system to achieve harmony with the environment, and socioeconomic development and consistent public demand, to achieve transportation and land use, different modes of transportation, transportation networks and hubs, coordinated transportation planning and management, urban transport system and society in view of inextricable link between economic activity and its internal complexity, achieve sustainable development of urban transport system not only between government departments at all levels need to improve the organization and coordination, but also the joint efforts of all sectors of society now China's urban transport from urban construction, planning, public security traffic police, traffic and municipal utilities and other management departments. and it is caused by a management of the status face of urban transport planning data collection, data acquisition, program coordination, planning and implementation, etc. difficulties. And comprehensive urban planning organization, can provide a solid urban transport planning information support, good collaboration between functions, but also for the smooth implementation of the program planning, monitoring and dynamic feedback effects of the effective functioning of mechanisms to establish long-term cooperation mechanism, and thus implementation of urban transport planning role in promoting the urbanization process. Third, the integration of urban planning to urban traffic rolling plan in Planning Urban planning and management process should have an overall concept of sustainable transportation. The development and implementation of transportation planning is an effective solution to urban traffic problems, to avoid making mistakes and wasted investment, urbanization and to ensure the coordinated development of transport system, and ultimately sustainable transport The most important part of the development, Management theory method is a rolling plan future plans regularly revised method, if used in urban transportation system planning, you can use short-term planning, medium-term planning and long-term planning combined approach, emphasizing the city transportation planning continuity. In the urban planning process, due to economic development, urban infrastructure in the constant revision and optimization, which requires local governments to integrate urban planning, urban transport planning to roll on the preparation, planning assessment techniques to provide both and planning of the Action Plan, set up corresponding organizations responsible for implementing this plan and this of urban transportation planning not only have a short-term optimization of urban traffic and action plan should also provide long-term urban transport planning optimization space, and on land development, natural resources, environment and historic preservation issues into account, the preparation of follow-up five to ten years transportation improvement projects plan. Fourth, the overall planning, rational matching of the functional areas of the city and transport hub The development of good urban transport development strategy planning is to solve urban traffic problems and the key to the best allocation of resources important to ensure that measures of urbanization accelerates, while rapid rise in urban population caused by a large number of residential construction, the other high-tech Science and Technology Park, the city economic and technological development zones and other enterprises in large numbers, and connecting the two regions in the middle of the corridor, but can not keep up, which triggered the tidal traffic congestion is inevitable, therefore, strengthen urban planning and construction, the city divided into different functional areas, transport planning take full account of the residents in work and life of travel demand, so that the residents in a shorter time to reach public transport hub, with the help of modern public transport destination. Also, try to use three-dimensional, modern integrated transport hub of design patterns, to enhance integration and three-dimensional transport hub, in a relatively concentrated space, the integration of mode behavior in the high transfer efficiency within the building complex, in the feeder, the maximum conversion compression limits walking distance, reflecting the fast public transport system, convenience and comfort in the concentration of the surrounding land to set financial, business, entertainment and other facilities, passengers can use the transfer process, the completion of several travel purposes.