On English Teaching Influenced by Cultural Difference英语专业毕业论文.docx

On English Teaching Influenced by Cultural Difference 摘要【摘要】语言是交际的工具，是文化的载体。语言教学的最终目的是培养学生的语言交际能力。语言反映一个民族的特征，它不仅包含着该民族的历史和文化背景，而且蕴藏着该民族对人生的看法、生活方式和思维方式。要想在跨文化交际中获得成功，除重视语言的外在形式和语法结构外，必须了解不同文化间的差异。因此，笔者试图对中西文化进行对比分析，找出差异对英语教学的影响，并尝试在英语教学中找到解决这种影响的策略，使跨文化交际变得更加顺畅【关键词】跨文化交际；文化差异；英语教学； AbstractLanguage is a tool of communication, is the carrier of culture. The ultimate purpose of language teaching is to develop students' language communicative competence. Languages reflect the characteristics of a nation, and it contains not only the nation's historical and cultural background, but endows with the nation the views on life, life style and way of thinking. To be successful in cross-culture communication, with the exception of attention outside the outer form and grammatical structure of the language, you must understand the differences between different cultures. So, the article attempted to make a comparative analysis of Chinese and Western culture, identify the differences and their impact on the teaching of English, and try to find a solution to this effect in the English teaching strategies, make the cross-culture communication become more seamless.Key words: Cross-cultural communication;cultural differences;English teaching ContentsChinese Abstract.1English Abstract.21.Introduction.42.The relationship between culture and language.53.Differences in Chinese and Western culture.53.1Differences on greeting and conversation topic.53.2Difference on praise and gift.63.3Differences in connotation of color words.63.4differences in time view.74.The exploration of causes of phenomena in culture conflicts .84.1The differences between the thinking mode.84.2Code of conduct are not identical .94.3The value orientation is different.104.4 The influence of pragmatics transfer.104.5The differences of culture background.115.How to cultivate the ability to cross-cultural communication a in English teaching.125.1 The instructors should change their concepts.125.2Developing students' cross-cultural awareness.125.3 Improving existing teaching methods .135.4 Pay attention to the cultivation of non-verbal communication ability .135.5 To guide the students to contact with western culture material extensively.146.Conclusion.15References.16Acknowledgments.171.Introduction With China entering the WTO,English ,as a basic course of the University,has been more and more attention to the people .The development of communicative competence is the ultimate goal of English teaching and more and more many people achieve the mutual recognition that communicative competence should include the following five aspects,including four skills(listing,speaking,reading and writing)and Social competence(the ability of carrying on a appropriate communication with the different cultural context people )However,when making a communication in a specific context, people often ignore the social environment of language,especially the cultural differences in language,as a result of that ,words do not convey, and the language is inappropriate, people do not know what they should say in correlative occasion, or even result in ambiguity and misunderstanding.Therefore, in the teaching of English, teaching the language knowledge is not enough,Culture must be imported, to improve the adaptability and sensitivity ' to cultural differences of students and, develop students ' intercultural communication consciousness and ability.2.The relationship between culture and language Culture is the general pattern of a community has unique social beliefs, habits, systems, goals and technology.Our country linguists Deng Yanchang and Liu Runqing elaborated like this:"Language is part of the culture, and play an important role in culture.It can be said that language reflects the characteristics of a nation,It contains not only the nation's historical and cultural background, but holds minority views on life, lifestyles and ways of thinking.It should be noted that language and cultural interact each other, in other words , if you want to understand language ,you must understand the culture,and if you want to understand the culture you must understand the language.【1】It is no exaggeration to say that leaving cultural factors or lack of knowledge in this respect, comprehensive grasp of the language of a nation is impossible.3.Differences in Chinese and Western culture Different peoples will have the same or similar life experiences and experiences in the process of struggling against nature , and this similarity will be reflected in their language and culture.for example, in English,the words like"wolf in sheep' clothing"and" in the same boat" and so on ,you can get the Chinese means easy from them【2】.Although this coupling phenomenon are numerous,we see the collision of cultural differences more often.3.1Differences on greeting and conversation topic Every nation has its own polite language, but its content, format and usage are not all the same, and this also involves the national conditions。 In China, when meeting an acquaintance ,we often ask 'Did you eat?' 'Where are you going'. These words are merely out of polite , and there is no real significance. But in English speaking countries, unless in particular cases, otherwise they will think you meddling in their privacy or want to invite him to eat if you say those words when meeting。Besides,they may also think " it is none of your business" .the Chinese first meeting will often ask others' age, marital status, and children, professional, even income in first meeting,which in the eyes of the Chinese is a polite, but in western eyes that these questions were an invasion of their privacies,and regard that is repugnant .Therefore,when talking with with English-speaking people in daily life ,we should avoid to these problems actively, otherwise they will causes others"resentment and misunderstanding.Greetings of Britain and the United States generally are" Hi ,Hello, Good morning ,Good afternoon ,Good evening, Nice to see you, Glad to see you ,How are you" and so on.Especially the British, they frequently discussed topic was the weather such as" Lovely day ,isn't it, It is fine today,isn't it?It is bit cold today."This is mainly because of the reason for the British climate,Especially in London, as the fog city, a day may experience the change of four seasons ,therefore the changeable weather has become people's universal topic .3.2Difference on praise and gift China has always been a very traditional country at all aspects . People in China pay attention to modest,they often think "humble yourself and respect others" in communication and regard it as a virtue, what is a kind of polite phenomenon abounded Chinese culture characteristics . When others praise us, we will often depreciate ourselves to show we are modest and polite. Western countries have no such cultural habits, when they received praise, there is always a happy to say a "yes" to accept you. In English, there is such a regular expression"modest dogs miss much meat" So, as an English learner,we should know that when english speaker praise you,don"t answer like this"No,I don:t think so",which in the eyes of westerners,it is impolite,even false.For gifts, Chinese receive a gift, and would not normally open it face to face the people who send , which is out of respect for each other, so as not to embarrass the other side because of the cheap gift .if you not do as that ,you will give a kind of mean impression to others .But in Western countries, the habit is the opposite. They always split and look the gift in front of the giver's face , and expressed appreciation for the gift. They think : ignore the gift,the giver will be ignored; praised the gift is to praise the giver. Even if you think the gift is not good, but you also should express your happiness and thanks for his gifts ,both of those are really necessary.3.3Differences in connotation of color words Color words in Chinese and English are very rich in content,and the concept significance is same, but the cultural connotation is far from each other actually.for example,For example such a sentences has been seen in a article"his classmates pass the exam,but he failed,he is green with envy."what is the sentence mean? Chinese students will think " the foreigners" face will tend to green when feel envy"In fact, if you know more about English culture, you will know the meaning of that sentence is"Envies extremely".To the word"green",the word is a symbol of life in Chinese .those phrases ,such as "green fields""Red blossoms and green leaves",have brought the vigorous vitality to the human .the word"Green "in English, in addition to means color, also has a different meaning in a different context.for example,"green apple ":means"immature apple"Similarly, "a green worker" is a Apprentice Blue in the English language is often appear as commendatory."Blue Sky and white clouds"and"blue sea " are being full of praise to nature beautiful scenery .However, in the English culture, blue not only indicated the color but also indicated someone is not happy.for example Mary failed to pass the examination,and she was in a blue mood"means"Mary failed to pass the examination ,and she is very melancholy".It is worth mentioning that the color words in English, capitalized the first letter, is usually used as surnames,such as"Mr.Green""Mrs.Black"and so on.【3】3.4Differences in time view The concept of time and money are linked together in western. The notion that time is money is ineradicable , so they are very cherish the time,and often made a careful time arrangement and plan in daily life, and formed the good habit of keeping an appointment on time. In the west, if you want to visit someone, you must tell others beforehand, and explain the purpose ,time and place of the visit and only both sides come to an agreement, can you visit others. But in China ,people in the use of time of great capriciousness, generally not as westerners do strictly according to the plan.For example,If they want to meet with others,they may even be make an interim decision or set off before a half ahead of schedule hours only,.Besides ,at the time of appointment is also not so strict, a few minutes late is a very common situation. And they can find different kinds of reasons are ,such as traffic jams,something happened at home which made them not have the spire time to the appointment temporarily and so on . All of those are quite different from western"s. So westerners often could not adapt to them and also feel difficult to accept them. However, the Chinese people have taken them for granted, and not feel any inadequacies. If you receive a invite ,you should reply to others as soon as possible if you are invited ,you can through mobile phone or written to him,which is up to you. If you can go,you can said, "I am pleased to accept the invitation,"after thanks ,but if it is not convenient to you, you can say something like those to say "I have another appointment before this one, so I am very sorry " . Another important thing is that if you have been accepted this invite,but because of another more important thing, you can not attend indeed in the future , you must make a apologize to the owner more careful and sincere and explained it very well at the same time, so that host had to believe you and think you should be understand .After dinner,you should not say "I'm sorry to waste you a lot of time." You can use it to express your anxiety for the trouble you may take to others in our country, also expressed gratitude for the reception of each other. However, if you say that to westerners, it makes them feel depressed. because in their view, since to meet each other is "a wast of time"in your eyes, it means that this meeting is unnecessary, and have no avail. In Western countries, people usually leave to thanks to the host for the warm reception and show that you had a good time in this meeting. For example, you can say: "It is a excellent meeting , thank you!"4.The exploration of causes of phenomena in culture conflicts The reasons for conflicts between Chinese and western culture are various, but investigating its fundamental ,it is because both sides of China and west countries have different cultures, different historical background, which will bring people different thought and behavior even conflict and so on , Let's look at the main reasons as followings 4.1The differences between the thinking mode Culture can affect people on the the view and understanding of the outside things . Different countries have different culture, so it is different in thinking consequentially , and it is also particularly obvious between them. The thinking mode of western culture pay s attention to logic and analysis and the thinking mode of Oriental culture shows integrity,which is intuition thinking characteristic of Chinese traditional culture. Due to the influence of the traditional culture, the Chinese often pay special attention to the intuition,and pay attention to the process of cognition experience and feeling, and also often use this experience and feeling to help other in the contacts.