高中英语试讲教案——定语从句.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date高中英语试讲教案定语从句定语从句 Attributive Clause之关系副词篇定语从句 Attributive Clause之关系副词篇 教学目标：掌握由关系副词引导的定语从句教学重点：定语从句中的关系副词why, when, where 教学难点：关系词的选择授课对象：高三授课人姓名：王瑶教学过程一、 定语从句相关基础知识1. 定语从句2. 定语从句结构：主句(先行词)+关系词+从句3. 先行词4. 关系词/引导词：连接/引导；做成分5. 关系词分类：关系代词 (that，which，who, whom, whose) 从句中做主，宾，表，宾补；关系副词（why, when, where） 从句中做状语二、定语从句之关系副词1. 关系副词why1) 在从句中做原因状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示原因的名词，常用的就两个reason, cause e.g.（1）This is the reason why I didnt come here.2）why作关系词引导定语从句，先行词一定是reason/cause;但reason/cause是先行词时，关系词不一定就是why，可能是that/whiche.g. The reason _ he gave me was unknown. The reason _ he didnt attend the meeting was unknown.3）如何选择关系词解题路径：区分关系代词和关系副词，分析从句中的成分，判断关系词在从句中充当的成分，从而判断是关系代词还是关系副词a. 通过翻译找准先行词b. 判断从句中的谓语动词是否及物。及物动词没有带宾语，说明关系词在从句中做宾语，因此是关系代词（注意spend，visit是及物动词，give后可接双宾语<人是间接宾语，不能独立存在>，talk 是不及物动词）4）why引导的定语从句时，先行词可省略因此例句（1）可以改为：This is why I didnt come here.小结：why引导的定语从句比较简单，记住reason和cause2. 关系副词when1) 在从句中做时间状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词必须是表示时间的名词，常用的例如hour, day, year, time等e.g. (2) I never forget the day when we first met in the park.2) 先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是whene.g. The days _ we spent in London is unforgettable. The days _ we stayed in London is unforgettable.小结：关系词when的用法，先行词是否为时间名词，分析从句句子成分。从句缺少时间状语用when, 缺少其他成分用that等即 先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定是when关系词是when，先行词一定是时间名词3.关系副词where1) 在从句中做地点状语，修饰从句谓语动词；先行词通常是表示地点的名词，常用的例如house, factory, palce等e.g. (3) I get out of the house where I was born.2) 先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是wheree.g. This is the town _ I spent my childhood. This is the town _ I told you about.判断方法仍然是看关系词在定语中充当的成分3）where引导定语从句，先行词可能是隐含地点意义的抽象名词必须（舍我其谁）vs通常(还有例外)换句话说，where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，但是这类名词隐含地点意义，通常是抽象名词，例如dream, case, point, stage, situation, occasion, business等e.g. He has reached the point(地步/程度) _ a change is needed.(that/which/where/who) Can you think out a situation (情况/情形)_ this phrase can be used.小结：a.确认关系词在从句中是否作状语，再确认先行词是否为地点名词 b.谨记where引导的定语从句中可能出现“离谱”的先行词先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定是where关系词是where，先行词也不一定是地点名词三个关系副词中where用法最复杂4. 关系副词有how吗？how 不可以作为表示方式的关系副词，在英语中若要表示方式，用以下四种句型1） the way +从句2）the way that +从句3）the way in which +从句4）the manner that +从句e.g. (4) I dont like _ you speak to her. A the way B the way in that C the way which D the way of which C which D where三、 Sum up 关系副词先行词成分why原因状语when时间where地点四、造句要求:定语从句中至少再包含另外一个定语从句e. g. Ill never forget the day when we first met in the park where is full of pandas whose eyes are black that is my sisters favorite.-