高二英语必修五知识点归纳.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date高二英语必修五知识点归纳高一英语必修一知识点归纳高二英语必修五知识点归纳Unit1 Great Scientists-1.help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 2.fromto从到3.put forward sth = come up with sth 提出(观点、意见、方案等)4.draw a conclusion 得出结论5.face a challenge 面临挑战6.linkto将和连接起来7.look into 调查8.so+adj/adv原级+that “如此以至于”eg. She is so kind that everyone likes her.9.think about doing sth 考虑做某事think of sth想起某事10.expose to 暴露，显露11.遵循就近原则的几个短语：neithernor既不也不（两者都不）eg. Neither she and I am teacher.eitheror或者或者（两者选一）not onlybut also不仅而且notbut不是前者而是后者12.thousands of 成千上万的three thousand三千 注：hundred百, thousand千,million万等计数单位，若后面接of，则本身加s,否则无论几百几千都不加s13.at times 有时， 偶尔14.sb be/get interested in doing sth 某人对做某事感兴趣 15.absorbinto将吸收be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于16.be ready to do sth 准备做某事17.sb be determined to do sth 某人决定做某事18.find out找到 find-found-found19.look into 调查come from来自20.sb be to blame for doing sth 因做某事某人应该受到惩罚=blame sb for doing sth 21.It seems/seemed that似乎好像seem to do sth 似乎做某事22.die of:死于内因（illness, cancer, a fever）die from:死于外因（an earthequake, a traffic accident, a stroke）23.instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事24.announce sb to do sth 宣告某人做某事e to an end 结束，终结26.be+adj+to do stheg.Everybody was shocked to hear of the death of the famous film star.27.try to do sth企图做某事(已经付出行动) try doing sth 尝试做某事（只是想试一试，还没做）29. work on 从事于30.lead to doing sth 导致（to在这里是介词）31.make sense有意义，讲得通 make-made-made32.betweenand 和之间33.although “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，注意不能和but一起使用。类似的，because“因为”和so“所以”也不能一起使用。（不能同时出现在一个句子当中）。eg. Although it was snowing，they still went there. 尽管下雪，他们还是去那里了。34.every time“每一次”，immediately“立即地”,the day/night“那天/那晚上”.the moment“此刻”这些表示时间的名词可作连词，连接状语从句，类似when引导的从句。注意短文改错中不能任意一个和when一起使用（成分多余），如：The moment when teacher came in the classroom, the students were reading loudly.句子当中when是多余的，应去掉。35.only+状语/状语从句（即副词、介词短语、if/when引导的从句）+部分倒装（将情态动词、be动词、助动词提到主语前面构成部分倒装）eg.Only in this way can we study English well.36.require要求，advise/suggest建议，demand要求，insist坚持要求这些动词后面接宾语从句时，应用虚拟语气（should+动词原形，其中should可以省略）。eg.The English teacher suggested that she (should) study English every day.注意：当suggest意为“表明”，insist意为“坚持说”时，从句后面用陈述语气（主从句时态一致）。eg. His attitude suggested that he was not interested in it at all.他的态度表明他对此一点也不感兴趣。37.with伴随结构 doing 当宾补和宾语是主谓关系时使用with+宾语+宾语补足语 done当宾补和宾语是被动关系时使用 to do 当宾补表示将来或目的时使用eg. All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.With the winter coming on, it is time to buy warm clothes.With a lot of work to do, I cant go shopping.Unit 2 The United Kingdom1. consist of 由组成（不及物动词，没有进行时态及被动语态）= be made up of 2.divide into 将整体分成部分separate from 将靠在一起的个体分开3.get/be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事（to为介词）sth be used to do sth某物被用来做某事 sb used to do sth 某人过去常常做某事（现在不做了）（used没有人称的数的变化以及时态变化）4.refer to doing sth提及做某事（to为介词）5.sb be unwilling to do sth某人不乐意做某事6.break away from脱离 break down （机器）毁坏，破坏break-broke-broken7.to ones credit值得赞扬的是8.take the place of = take sbs place 代替某人的位置take-took-taken9.be known as+职业 作为而出名 be known for （for表示原因）因为而出名 be known to为所熟知(含被动)10.as+adj/adv原级+as “和一样”11.attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力sth be attractive to sb某物对某人来说是有吸引力的12.It is/was convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事at ones convenience 在某人方便之时13.conflict with sb与发生冲突14. late adj. 迟到的 I was late. adv.晚，迟 He arrived late. later adj. late的比较级 adv. 随后 see you later. latest late的最高级，最晚的 adj.最新的lately = recently 最近，近来15.be going to do sth 打算做某事（表示将来）16.to ones surprise/delight/disappointment/excitement/happiness令某人的是17.in memory of sb为了纪念某人18.be proud of sb = take pride in sb 以某人为豪19.fall asleep 入睡 fall-fell-fallen feel sleepy 困倦，昏昏欲睡 feel-felt-felt20.there be句型遵循就近原则，由最近的主语决定be动词的单复数。eg. There is a girl and two boys in the picture.21. as well 副词短语，意为“也”，等于too，一般用在肯定句句末。either“也”，用在否定句末。as well as 介词短语，“也，又，还”，等于in addition to，后面必须接宾语或并列成分。（注意：并列主语时遵循就前原则。）eg.Mr. Liu can speak English, and he can speak Japanese as well.Mr. Liu can speak English, and he can speak Japanese, too.She as well as you is an English teacher.Lily doesn't like fruit.I don't like fruit, either. doing(表示主动或动作正在进行)22.使役动词find/get/keep/make+宾语+宾语补足语 done(表示被动或完成) adj.+to do sth（表示目的或将来） 23.感官动词see/hear/notice/observe doing(表示动作正在进行)watch/feel/find +sb+宾补 do sth（表示动作的全过程） done(表示被动或完成)24.强调谓语：在实意动词前加助动词do/does/did(根据时态人称选择)eg. I do like Englsih.我确实喜欢英语。（强调喜欢的动作）强调除了谓语之外的其他句子成分（主语、宾语、表语、状语等）用强调句：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(当且仅当主语为人时用who)+其余成分。eg.Yesterday he met Mary.It was yesterday that he met Mary.(强调时间状语yesterday)注意：判定强调句的方法：把it is/wasthat去掉之后句子r仍然正确则为强调句。Unit3 Life in the Future1.make an impression on sb给某人留下印象 impress sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事2.remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事3.be surrounded by/with被包围着4.tolerate doing sth容忍做某事keep doing sth=carry on doing sth继续做某事5.sb suffer from sth某人遭受，患病6.be similar to 与相似 the same as 和一样7. keep doing sth=carry on doing sth=continute to do sth继续做某事8.at first首先，一开始9.transportinto将送入10.call sb to do sth要求某人做某事call off取消call on 拜访call for要求，需要11.make adjustments to调整，调节adjust to doing sth 适应做某事总结to为介词的动词短语：be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事devoteto献身于，贡献pay attention to 关注，注意look forward to doing sth 期待做某事be addicted to doing sth 沉迷于某事belong to 属于refer to谈及，提及lead to 导致stick to坚持get down to doing sth着手做某事12.for a rest休息13.in no time不一会儿for an instant一会儿in an instant = at once= right away立刻，马上14. provide sth for sb提供东西给某人provide sb with sth 提供某人东西15.why not do sth为什么不做某事呢（表示建议）16.be back on ones feet 恢复 foot-feet 脚（单复数）17.lose sight of 看不见 lose-lost-lsot catch sight of 看见 catch-caught-caught at the sight of 看见时18.be greedy to do sth渴望做某事=be eager to do sth19.settle down定居，安顿20.at a speed of 以的速度 at slow/high speed 以很慢/快的速度21.That/this/it is why那/这就是为什么 That/this/it is because那/这就是The reason whyis/was that 的原因是22.among:三者或三者以上之间 betweenand两者之间 both两者都 all全部都（三者或三者以上）24.one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词 “最之一”25.由制作 make of 看得出原材料（桌子、刀） make from 看不出原材料（纸）as a result, +句子 “结果”as a result of +短语/动名词“由于，因此”“因为” because+句子because of +短语/动名词“以防，万一” in case+句子in case of +短语/动名词26.as if/though引导方式状语从句：（1）若引导的从句是真实的，极有可能发生或存在的事实，则从句用陈述语气（主从句时态一致）。eg. He talks as if he is drunk.（2）若从句的内容是不真实的，假设的情况，则从句用虚拟语气（时态退一步）。从句与现在事实相反，用一般过去时。从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。从句与将来事实相反，用would/could/might+动词原形。eg. Hetreatsmeasif/asthoughIwereastranger.（与现在事实相反）He talks about Rome as if he had been ther before.(与过去事实相反)It looks as if it might snow.(与将来事实相反)Unit4  Making the News1. submitto向递交2.assist sb to do sth = assist sb in doing sth帮助某人某事3.concentrate sth on doing sth 专心致志于某事concentrate ones attention on 把注意力集中于Unit5 Nelson Mandela1.lose heart 丧失勇气 2.be worried about 担心（状态）   3.in trouble 处于不幸中4.be sentenced to 被判处    5. be out of work = lose ones job失业6.be equal to 相等的，平等的   7. as a matter of fact = in fact = actually 事实上  8.blow up 充气 爆炸   9.beg for 乞讨   beg (sb) to do sth 乞求(某人)做某事10.set up 建立，创立；设置，竖起 send up 发射，使上涨  go up 上升，增长；被兴建  11.be active in= take an active part in积极参与，在活跃       12.die for 为而死 die from 死于（外因,如车祸）die of 死于（内因 如：饥饿，寒冷，疾病等）13.put sb in prison= throw sb into prison= send sb to prison 把投入监狱14.advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 15.fight against 为反对而斗争fight with 同并肩作战/ 同斗争16. have problems/ difficulty/ trouble with sth17.work out 算出     18.be willing to do sth 乐于做某事19.realize ones dream of 实现的梦想  e to power 当权，上台    21.devote sth to doing sth 把时间、金钱、精力等献于， devote oneself to doing sth 献身于，致力于22.turn to求助于，转向 turn off关掉 turn on打开 turn up调大 turn down调小turn out结果是，证明是 turn over翻过来23.the +序数词/最高级+名词+to do sth 第几个做某事的人24. “only+状语/状语从句”位于句首，句子要用部分倒装（把情态动词、助动词提到主语前）eg.Only in this way can you learn English well.Only then did I realize I was wrong.25.escape from 从中逃脱26.as a reward for sth作为的报酬 award官方颁发的奖品27.should have done sth 过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做（责备） must have done sth 过去一定做了某事28.the moment,the minute,each time,the last time等可引导时间状语从句eg. Each/Every time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. The last time I saw him, he was playing by the river.高一英语必修二知识点归纳Unit1 Cultural relics1. in search of(介词短语)寻找search for(动词短语)2. survive vi. 幸存，生还 survivor n. 幸存者 3. be decorated with被用······来装饰decorate sth with sth用某物装饰某物4. belong to属于，是的成员5. serve as 担任，充当6. in return 作为回报, 作为回馈in return for 作为的回报7. 定语从句修饰 the way的关系代词可用that / in which / 不填 eg.I did it in the way that/in which you taught me.I want to know the way he told you yesterday.8. light 照亮，点亮 light-lit-lit 或 light-lighted-lighted9. there is no doubt that 毫无疑问10. be worth sth. 值得be (well) worth doing sth.很值得做sth is worthy of being done = sth is worthy to be done its worthwhile doing sth = its worthwhile to do sth 11. be at war 处于战争状态,交战12. remain vi. 留下，残留+doing link-v. 保持，继续+adj.13.to ones amazement 令人吃惊的是 be amazed at/by 对大为吃惊14.There is no doubt that毫无疑问 There is some doubt whether15.apart from除了之外16.be doing sth when正在做某事，这时eg.He was waiting for his friend in the park when it began to rain.17.agree with同意某人的意见agree on 就达成一致意见 agree to do sth 同意做某事18.当否定副词及含有否定词的介词短语放句首时，句子需要用部分倒装。如never,seldom,neither,not,hardly,rarely,at no times等。eg. Never has he been to the United States. Hardly hae he gone out when it began to rain.Unit 2 The Olympic Games1. ancient:古代的 反义词 present-day 当今的2. compete with/ against sb. 和竞争compete in 在中竞争compete for sth. 为而竞争competition n. 比赛competitive adj 有竞争力的competitor n 比赛者，对手3. take part (in) 参加，参与（活动）=join intake an active part in积极参与4. used to do 过去常常做 be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于 be used to do 被用来做5. every four years = every fourth year 每四年或每隔四年6. admit doing sth承认做某事be admitted as “被接受成为” be admitted into/to 被(学校) 录取 7. for the honor of为了的荣誉in the honor of为庆祝/为纪念 8. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事9. not only but also 不但而且(连接两个主语是就近原则)eg. Not only the teacher but also his students were invited to the party.10. “也”as well用在肯定句中，放在句末 too肯定句中用,放在句末 ，常用逗号隔开 either否定句中用，放句末 ，常用逗号隔开 also放在系动词be动词之后，实义动词之前 11.stand for 代表，象征 stand by 支持 stand against 反对12.volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事13.take ones place取代某人的位置 replace A with/by B 用B代替A14.nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+另一主语“.也不”eg.They dont get their work done, neither do we.so+主语+助动词/be/情态动词“.确实如此”eg.I heard that she had a good time at the party.So she did.15.as+adj/adv+as “和一样”16.一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall+be+动词过去分词17.marry sb = get married to sb 与某人结婚（动作） be married to sb与某人结婚（状态）18.make a bargain with sb 与某人达成协议19.pick up 捡起，接送某人，偶然学会，复 pick out 精心挑选，辨别出20.one after another 一个接一个地（强调连续性） one by one (强调一次一个)21.deserve to do sth 应该做某事 deserve doing sth = deserve to be done 值得被做Unit 3 Computers1. have nothing/ little/ something/ a lot in common （没）有共同之处2. compare with把与相比较 compare to 把比作 3. “ 多久才” It took/was+一段时间+before It takes /will be+一段时间+before It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth. 花费某人时间去做某事4. work as 担任；以身份而工作5. from then on 从那时起 from now on 从现在起 6. by 介词，“不迟于，到为止” 常用于完成时态。 since+时间点 “自从以来”7. as time goes by，=with time going by, 随着时间流逝8. as a result+句子“结果”，result of +短语“由于，因为”9. so+ adj. +a(n)+单数可数名词+that句子such+ a(n)+ adj.+单数可数名词+that句子10 alone adj.“单独的” adv. 单独；独自地 （客观）lonely adj.“孤独的”、“偏僻的” （主观）11 as well as “还有”、“不但而且” as well “也”12 be filled with = be full of充满；装满 13 in a way 在某种程度上 in this way 以这种方法14 make up 编造,补足,化妆15 after all 毕竟16 with the help of 在的帮助下mon常见的，不足为奇的 ordinary平凡的，普通的 general一般的，普遍的 usual习惯性的18.by the time 到时候，常与完成时连用eg.By the time I was sixteen, my dream had come true.come true实现（梦想，愿望）19.现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been +及物动词的过去分词20.arisearosearisen （问题困难）出现 riseroserisen （太阳，月亮，河水）上升，起身 raiseraisedraised （人）举起，提高21.cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事22.处理、解决问题deal with（与how连用）、do with(与what连用)23.watch over 照看，保护 watch out 当心，注意Unit 4 Wildlife Protection1. die out灭亡；逐渐消失 die down (兴奋、火等)平息，渐弱2. in peace 和平地；安详地；和睦地3. in danger(of) 在危险中，垂危 dangerous adj. 危险的4. in relief 如释重负5. protect.from保护不受(危害)阻止做某事 prevent（from）doing sthstop（from）doing sth keepfrom doing sth6. pay attention to（介词） 注意7. come into being 形成；产生8. without mercy 毫不留情地have mercy on 对表示怜悯9. respond to 对作出回答10.decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了（幅度）11.have an effect on = affect 对有影响 effect名词, affect动词12.appreciate it if要是将不胜感激 appreciation 名词13.succeed in doing sth成功地做了某事 be successful in sth在某方面成功14.do harm to sb/sth = be harmful to 对某人/物有害15.bite sb+介词+the+身体部位 “咬了某人某个部位”16.现在进行时的被动语态：be动词+being donee into being 形成，产生 come into effect 开始生效Unit 5 Music1. dream of/about (doing) sth. 梦想；幻想2. pretend to do sth 假装做某事3. to be honest 说实话 be honest with sb. 对某人坦白 be honest in sth. 坦白承认4. attach to认为有（重要性、意义）；附上；连接5. form the habit of 养成的习惯6. perform侧重表演的能力、技巧或效果；主语可以是人或动物act 侧重“扮演、担任”某一角色，侧重于动作，主语通常是人。 performance n.演出;演奏;表演7. in cash 用现金，用现钱pay in cash 给现金;现金支付 by credit card 用信用卡by cheque / check 用支票8. play a joke on sb.=play jokes on sb. 戏弄make fun of 捉弄；取笑laugh at sb. 嘲笑9. be familiar with 熟悉某人或某事 be familiar to 某人或某物为某人所熟悉（被动）10. or so “大约；左右” 11. break up打碎；分裂；解体；驱散；结束；(学校)放假break down出故障；拆毁；失败；精神崩溃；(身体)垮break into破门而入break off 中断；断交；突然停止break out 爆发；突然发生break away from脱离；摆脱12. above all: 最重要的是，尤其，首先in all: 一共；总计after all: 毕竟；终究；别忘了(not)at all: (否定句)根本,完全 (疑问句)到底13.in addition 除了之外 in brief = briefly 简言之，简要地14.sort out 分类，整理，解决15.be confident about/of have confidence in 对有信心 confidence 名词