人教版新目标英语八年级（上）期末总复习资料.docx
人教版新目标英语八年级（上）期末总复习资料Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?考点：一般过去时 用法：表示过去某时发生的动作或状态。以句中表示过去的时间状语作为标志词。构成：谓语动词用过去式。e.g. He went to the beach yesterday。 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 特殊疑问句：_ 动词过去式变形： 规则变化 构成规则 一般情况在动词原形末尾加-edplay- played clean-cleaned 不发音的e结尾时在动词原形末尾加-ddance-danced以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i，再加-ed study-studied 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped 【及时训练】1. I _my homework last night. I went to the cinema with my parents. A. did B. didnt C. didnt do D. dont do 2. -The coat looks good on you. Where _ you _ it? -In a supermarket. A. do; buy B. did; buy C. will; buy D. does; buy3.Paul and I _tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing4.He went into his room and _to work. A. begins B. began C. beginning D. to begin考点二：复合不定代词 1、构成： some / any/ every / no + thing / body / one 2、用法：这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。1）something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。2） 复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio. 3）指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesnt he dont they? If anybody anyone comes, ask him them to wait. 4）指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they：Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都准备好了，是吗?5）不定代词 anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接 of 短语，可用 any one, every one (分开写)：any one of the boys (books).every one of the students (schools). 【及时训练】1.There is something wrong with my eyes, I cant see anything. -Where would you like to spend your vacation? -Id like to go_. I hat hot days A. cool somewhere B. somewhere cool C. hot somewhere D. somewhere hot2.-Is there_wrong with your computer? -Yes, it doesnt work. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything3.-Do you have _to say for yourself? -No, I have _to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing 考点三：反身代词 oneself my/our Your Him/her/it/them 单数 self 复数 selves 用法：enjoy oneself= have a good time by oneself 独立、独自 eg： I do the homework by myself. dress oneself 自己穿衣服 make yourself at home 客气语，像自己家一样，不用客气 look after oneself 照看自己 【及时训练】1.My sister is twenty years old. She can look after_. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself2.I bought something _my parents. But_for myself. A. to; anything B. for; nothing C. for; anything 考点四：seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”。Eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展：a. seem+adj. “看起来”。 Eg:You seem happy today.b. seem+to do sth. “似乎，好像做某事”。 Eg: I seem to have a cold.c. It seems/seemed+从句 “看起来好像；似乎”。Eg:It seems that no one believes you.【及时训练】1.He seems_. A. happily B. happyC. happinessD. to happy 2.The man over there (seem) a new teacher.考点五：arrive不及物动词，意为“到达”。arrive in表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等；arrive at表示到达较小的地方，如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。注：地点副词home，here，there前介词省略。辨析：arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点get to +地点reach+地点【及时训练】1.Don't forget to ring me up as soon as you _, will you?A. get to there B. arrive C. reach D. arrive at2.when they( ),they found two burglars were kept in a lift with a heavy box of money. A. reached B. got to C. arrived D. were考点六：辨析：because of与because because of意为“因为，由于”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 e.g：He lost his job because of his age. because意为“因为”，引导状语从句，即接句子。 e.g：I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 【及时训练】1.The man was late for work _ the heavy snow.A. for B. because C. because ofD. so2.We will work _ we are needed. A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever3.I didnt go to the mountains _the bad weather. A. so B. because of C .because D. but 考点七：辨析：forget to do sth.与forget doing sth. forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事（事情还没做）” eg: Dont forget to close the window. forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）” eg: I forget closing the window. 拓展：remember同用法 【及时训练】1.Dont forget _your homework tomorrow. A. bring B. to bring C. brought D. bringing考点八：quite a few，quite a little，few，little(1)quite a few_(2)quite a little _(3)few _(4)little _【及时训练】1.There're _ interesting places in China.Aquite a few Bquite a littleCfew Dlittle2.Sorry，I can give only _ water to you.Aa few Ba littleCfew Dlittle考点九：feel likefeel like意为“给的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。eg: He feels like he is swimming. 拓展：feel like还可意为“想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事eg：Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 【及时训练】1.Liu Qiang_ fixing the machine yesterday. Look, it is running well again. A. felt like B. succeeded in C. failed in2.Do you feel like _ (take) a walk in the park with me?Unit2 How often do you exercise?考点一：表频度的副词always（“总是”100%）, usually（“通常”约 80%90%）, often（“经常”约 60%）, sometimes（“有时”约 20%30%） , hardly ever=seldom（“很少”约 1%10%）, never（“从不”0%）.【及时训练】1、我将永远忘不了和你的第一次见面。 I will _ forget the first time I met you.2.选词填空sometimes， always, often, hardly ever, never A、Tom cant swim, so he _ goes swimming. B、Mom _gets up first, seven days a week. C、_ I go to school by bus, but usually walk to school.D、How _ does your mother shop? Once a week.E、The man is too tired and he could _ keep on walking.考点二：How often 的用法辨析(10个中考常考的How 考点)1) How often? = How many times?询问频率（多久一次） 回答用频度副词2) How long?询问物体长度或时间长度 回答时间长度一般用“for+一段时间”或“since+过去时间点”3) How soon?询问多久以后 回答用 in+一段时间4) How far?询问距离，表示有多远 回答用距离5) How much?询问不可数名词的多少 询问价格6) How many?询问可数名词的数量，后加可数名词的复数7) How about=What about?（考点：about 为介词）询问“怎么样？”后加名词/动名词8) How does sb go?询问交通方式 回答用交通方式（3 种：go to by+交通工具；go to on/in+a/an+交通工具；take+a/an/the+交通工具）9) How is sb?询问“某人身体怎么样?”10) How do you do?仅用于初次见面打招呼。“您好”回答也用 How do you do?【及时训练】1、How _ do you read English books? Every day.2、How _ can I keep the book? For a month.3、 How _ can he come back? In an hour.4、_ are you late for school? Never.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How many times5、_can we get there? In five minutes.A. How often B. How far C. How soon D. How long6、How _ milk would you like? One kilo.A. many B. Much C. heavy D. Often7、How do you often go to school?I often _.A. go by a bike B. go by bike C. by bike.8、_rice do you usually have for your supper? Two bowls of rice.A. How much B. How many C. How many bowls 考点三：hardly 与 hard 的用法辨析1) hardly=almost not 的用法：只作副词。意为“几乎不”，相当于“almost not”2) hard 的用法：_x0001_ 形容词（4个考点）“难的（反义词 easy）”; “勤奋的（反义词lazy）” ;“硬的（反义词 soft）”; “严厉的”（反义词 uncritical了解）作副词（2 个考点） “努力地” ;“困难地”课文考点句：Old habits die hard. 积习难改【及时训练】1、在冬季，成都几乎不下雪。Chengdu _ snows in winter.2、My friend Tony studies _. He _ goes to sleep before 11 oclock at night.A. hard; hard B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hardly D. hardly; hard3、Pass my glasses to me, Tom. I can _ read the words in the newspaper.A. hardly B. really C. hard D. Clearly. 4.Tom studies _. He _plays with his friends. A. hard; hard B. hardly; hardly C. Hard;hardly D. hardly; hard 考点四：exercise 的用法辨析1) 用作 v.“锻炼”2) 用作 n.C(可数)：“练习题”U（不可数）：“锻炼”3) 锻炼；做运动（3个）同义替换: exercise =do some exercise=do/play (some) sports【及时训练】1、进行大量的锻炼对我们健康有益。 Taking much _ is good for our health.2、Tina _ three times a week. She is very healthy.A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising考点五：such as 的用法辨析1) 表示“比如，例如，诸如” 用于举例的结构。2) 注意只有连在一起的 such as 没有分开的 suchas 结构，另外要注意和上个单元学到的 so/suchthat，以及 so that 相区分！【及时训练】1、在学校，我们要上的课程有很多，例如语文、英语、数学。We have many subjects in school, _ Chinese、 English and Maths.2、I like play sports and ball games are always my favorites, _ football, basketball and volleyball.A. such as B. so as C. such that3、I got up early this morning _ I wont be late for school again.A. such that B. so that C. such as考点六：it 做形式主语的用法辨析考点结构 It is/was +adj.+(for sb) to do sth.1、 首先在此结构中，It 只是形式上的主语，称为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.2、 其次在此结构中，is/was 后应接形容词（adj.）构成系表结构，决不能接副词。3、 最后 for sb 为不定式 to do sth 动作的发出者，称为逻辑主语，可省略。【及时训练】1、翻译句子It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows ,but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 2、It is easy for Lily _ this problem by herself.A. to solve B. solving C. solve3、它对于大脑和身体是健康的。（用it做形式主语句型翻译该句。）_Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 考点一：同级：asas not so/asaseg.Tom is 15Jack is 17(合成一句)Tom isnt _ _ _ Jack1.Do you think football is as _ as basketball in America?A.most popular B.the most popular C.more popular D. popular 2.This math problem is _that one.A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than考点二：比较级比较级的变化规则：1. 直接+er strong_,simple_2. 辅音字母+y,_ funny_3. 重读闭音节，_ big_4. 多音节和部分双音节，adj前加_ beautiful_不规则的：good well bad many much little far 比较级的构成：A+谓语动词+adj/adv的比较级+than +比较部分She is more kind than_ (she) .She has more books than _(he).比较级前可用much，a little，even，far等修饰He is much stronger than him.比较级+ and + 比较级，表示“越来越”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.China is more and more beautiful.The + 比较级，the + 比较级，表示“越就越”The busier he is, the happier he feels.The higher the ground is, the thinner air becomes. 【及时训练】1MrSmith is much _(old)than his wife.2This book is _ (good)than that one来源:Z&xx&k.Com3Which is _(big)，the sun or the moon?4She is_ (healthy) than her brother5I think it's much _ (nice)to stay at home than to go out on a hot day.6. This little boy is _ (outgoing)than that one. 7My teacher is as_(serious)as my mother.8His story is funnier than_ (she)9. He has _（many）books than I.10Are you good at_(read)English?考点三：相同与不同the same.as与 be.different fromEg. Peter likes to do the same things as me.My best friend Larry is quite different from me.I have the same school bag as yours.Difference：There is no difference between the twins.【及时训练】1. Life in the country is quite _ that in the city. A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as 2. Is your pen _ Jims? A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as3. There is not much _ (different) in price between the two coats. 4. 我的妹妹和我不一样。 My sister _ _ _ me.考点四：both的用法We both like sports.They are both tall. 1.both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。2.both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。3.both和all的区别4.both, either区别（提示+side的相应形式）They both are students.= Both of them are students. The girls both like English.=Both of the girls like English. Neither of them is a doctor. 【及时训练】1.There are lots of colorful on _ sides of the streets. A.each B.both C.either D.all2.What are your parents?They _doctors. A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are3.Li Lei and Li Ming _black hair. A.have both B.both have C.has both D.both has4.Both of them are doctors.(改为否定句） _ _ them _ a doctor.考点五：makeEg Mother made a birthday cake for me.I think a good friend makes me laugh.The news makes everyone happy.His mother made him finish the work alone.【及时训练】1. The boss makes the worker _10 hours every day.A.work B.to work C.working D.works 2. Mr Bean enjoys _ jokes and often makes us _.A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing3. His parents often make him _ his homework till 10 pm.A.do B.does C.to do D.doingUnit4 Whats the best movie theater?考点一：形容词、副词的最高级1. 构成：规则变化： _eg: fast-fastest cheap-cheapest _eg: nice-nicest fine-finest _ eg: happy- happiest busy-busiest _ eg: big-biggest wet-wettest _eg: beautifully-most beautifully interesting-most interesting不规则变化：good/well-_ bad-_ little-_ far-_/_ old-_/_many/much-_2. 用法：形容词和副词的最高级用于_ 的人或事之间的比较，表示“最”。在句中使用时，最高级前面一般加_, 句中常含有表示范围的介词_/_; _ 后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，_后面接表示单位或场所的名词。eg: Bill is _(tall) boy of us. Jane has _(many) friends in our class. Of all the boys in Class One, he does his homework _(carefully). 最高级的特别用法：3. 序数词后用最高级，在表达“第几（长、大、远.）”时，序数词后用形容词的最高级形式。Eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.4. 在表达“最.的.之一”时，用最高级，一般构成“one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词的复数”的结构Eg: Chongqing is one of the biggest cities in our country.5. 在表达“某人的最.”时，最高级前省略定冠词the ,即“某人的+形容词的最高级”Eg: Linda is my sisters best friend.6. Which/ who+ 谓语动词+最高级，A, B or C?eg: Who is the tallest, Jack, Tom or Mark?【及时训练】1.She prefers football because she thinks its _ among all sports.A. more interesting B. the most interesting C. most interesting 2. Is your sister _ in your family? A. young B. younger C. youngest3.Dads car is _newer than mine. A. a few B. a little C. too much4.Which room do you like _ of all? A. well B. better C. best 5.Who runs _ of the students? A. the most quick B. quicker C. the most slowly 6.You should have breakfast every day because it is _ meal of the day. A. More importa
