全国2010年1月自学考试语言与文化试题.doc

全国2010年1月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1. Language is _. ( )A. the product of the human brain B. rule governedC. independent of culture D. the result of social institutions2. Language, culture, and thought _, each influencing and shaping the other two. ( )A. alternate B. changeC. interact D. substitute3. “Propaganda” connotes _, so it is a pejorative term in English. ( )A. giving publicity to something B. exchanging useful knowledgeC. spreading biased information D. motivating people to do something4. “Dog” and “狗' convey the _ meaning, but their connotations are quite different in English and Chinese cultures. ( )A. identical conceptual B. same affectiveC. related thematic D. parallel reflective5. Which of the following words contains a derivational morpheme? ( )A. nicer B. maps C. precede D. worked6. Which of the following sentences demonstrates hypotactic relation? ( )A. Bread and butter is my favourite breakfast.B. I think he is right.C. I told him exactly when I would leave for Paris.D. He bought tea. coffee, eggs, milk, etc.7. _ is NOT often used as a vocative among English speakers. ( )A. Grandfather B. Father C. Mother D. Mother-in-law8. “_” is NOT an appropriate reply to a compliment. ( )A. Never mind B. Thank youC. Do you really think so D. I wish it could be true9. “Look forward to” corresponds in meaning to _ .( )A. look ahead B. expect C. look into D. examine10. “_.” is used to talk about something that is inoffensive but feeble or colourless. ( )A. A male chauvinist B. A big fishC. Milk and water D. A nine to five job11. A _ is a direct comparison between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by “like” or “as”. ( ) A. proverb B. euphemism C. metaphor D. simile12. Pink-collar employees are employees in occupations traditionally held by _ .( )A. women B. men C. old people D. young people13. “To go to a better world” is a euphemistic expression for _. ( )A. “to go for a trip” B. “to sleep”C. “to die” D. “to have sex”14. There are _ in English, too. For example, majesty, honourable and excellency are such terms. ( )A. honourifics B. euphemisms C. taboos D. terms of humility15. “We were having dinner when the door bell rang. ”The above sentence is connected _ . ( )A. hypotactically B. paratactiallyC. in a parallel way D. unreasonably16. “I'd love to join in. Only I don't know how to play. ”The logical relationship between the above sentences is _ . ( )A. additive B. adversative C. causal D. temporal17. “7 days without 7-up make one weak.” In this advertisement, one can find the tactful use of _. ( )A. homophones B. figure of speechC. repetition D. several adjectives18. In American English, in which word is the letter “a” pronounced as æ? ( )A. pass B. park C. cake D. about 19. What nonverbal message does waving good-bye convey? ( ) A. Accenting B. Complementing C. Repeating D. Substituting 20. In Chinese culture, touching or pointing to one's own nose with raised forefinger signifies _. ( )A. It's me B. irritation C. impatience D. frustrationII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. Culture in its technical sense is _ .( )A. human specific B. a social phenomenonC. a national phenomenon D. a historical phenomenon22. In English culture “red” is often associated with _ .( )A. celebrations B. good fortuneC. communism D. cool mind 23. Which of the following statements may be true? ( )A. Branching and linear sentence patterns result from thinking patterns.B. Branching sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.C. Linear sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.D. Branching and linear sentence patterns can be related to emotional factors.24. When receiving a gift, English speakers may say “_”. ( )A. How much is it B. It is really very niceC. It is really what I want D. Shall I pay for it25. _ is a proverb related to individualism. ( )A. Do not wear out your welcome B. Even reckoning makes long friendsC. Wives are bills of charges D. From saving comes having26. In English blue is usually associated with _ .( )A. unhappy feelings B. manual workC. envy and jealousy D. explicit reference to sexual acts27. Which of the following is the example of discrimination against women or sexist language? ( )A. chairman B. chairperson C. the human race D. mankind28. The sentences in a text may be linked by _ means. ( )A. grammatical B. logical C. lexical D. meaningful29. The English equivalent for “单程票” is _ . ( )A. one-way ticket B. one-trip ticketC. single ticket D. round-trip ticket30. Chewing one's finger nails signifies _ .( )A. relaxation B. emotional stressC. worry D. not knowing what to doIIIFill in each underlined space with a proper expression (20)31. As a mirror of culture，_ is strongly influenced and shaped by culture32. Reflected meaning is communicated when one _ of a word forms part of our response to another sense of the word33.English speakers are direct people who tend to locate central meaning before _ meaning34. English surnames may be preceded by a _，like Mr，Mrs，President，Doctor，etc35. “A big _ in a small pond” is used to talk about somebody whose importance and influence are great only in a restricted situation or small community36. In English _ is usually associated with jealousy and envy37. Anything which is prohibited by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. There are behaviour and_ taboos38. It has been claimed that English texts develop in a _ fashion，while Chinese ones develop in a spiral way39. American English differs from British English mainly in pronunciation and _.40. _，the way in which one holds oneself, call also convey communicative messagesIVAnswer the following questions briefly(12)41. What is intercultural communication?42. How would you explain the fact that “black tea” and its equivalent in Chinese “红茶” are formed differently?43. What is the most salient feature of the headline in English newspaper?44. How could one interpret the verbal and nonverbal messages in the following sentence? A boy told his mother in a whispering voice that it was not he who broke the vase ,but did not dare to look at his mother in her eyes.V. Translation. (18%)45. 人不犯我，我不犯人。46. 非常感谢您为我所做的一切。 这是我应尽的职责。47白菜48. A small leak will sink a great ship.49. Since he became manager, the company has been running in the black.50. Dr. Thomas Green requests the pleasure of your company at luncheon.VI. Discuss the following topics. (20%)51. What cross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese telephone calls?52. How are swear words used in English and Chinese? What cross-cultural contrasts can one find underlying them? 第 5 页