小学英语时间、家族的英语词汇.doc
一般现在时(2)(一)定义:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。(1) 标志性时间词语every系列词:every+morning/day/week/month/year.*at+.oclock在几点钟,9:10am, 20:00pm*in+the+morning早上/afternoon下午/evening傍晚,at+noon中午/night晚上*on+Monday星期一/Tuesday星期二/Wednesday星期三/Thursday星期四/Friday星期五/Saturday星期六/Sunday星期日*week周, at+weekday周日/weekend周末*month月, year年,in+January一月/February二月/March三月/ April四月/ May五月/ June六月/July七月/August八月/September九月/October十月/November十一月/December十二月频率副词:*never从不, sometimes有时, often经常, usually通常, always一直次数*Once一次, twice两次, three times三次, four times四次.*on Sundays每逢周日, on weekends每逢周末请下出下列时间短语:_在早上/下午 _在晚上_在周六 _在二月_十次 _每逢周一_在7点 _每年_每天 _有时(二) 一般现在时的结构一般现在时的结构主要分为be动词和行为动词两种(1) be动词一般现在时的结构be动词的现在式有am,is,are三种,分别接在不同人称的主语之后:*肯定句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are).I _ a doctor.我是一名医生。Mary _ at work.玛丽在工作。He _ very brilliant.他非常聪明。It _ a nice day.今天天气晴朗。You _ my only friend.你是我惟一的朋友。They _ students.他们是学生。*否定句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not.注意:be动词否定句的缩写方式:is not的缩写是isn't,读作/iznt/;are not的缩写是aren't,读作/a:nt/;I am的否定句是I am not,缩写为I'm not;am not不缩写在一起。We _ her classmates.我们不是她的同班同学。_ not Tom.我不是汤姆。(I'm是I am的缩写,读作/aim/。)_ not a cat,but a dog.这不是猫,而是狗。Things _ always what they seem(to be).事物并不总是与表象一致。*疑问句:be动词(am/is/are) + 主语.?回答方式:Yes,主语 + be动词(am/is/are).No,主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not.肯定句:They are fruit.它们是水果。疑问句:_ fruit? 它们是水果吗? (主语和谓语倒装)肯定句:The book is on the table.书在桌子上。(主语和谓语倒装)疑问句:_ on the table? 书是在桌子上吗?回答由be动词构成的疑问句时,肯定要用Yes,否定用No:Are you John's brother? 你是约翰的兄弟吗?_, _ _. 是的,我是。Are Mary and John still at school? 玛丽和约翰仍在学校吗?_,_. 不,不在了。Are you there? 喂,你听着吗? (打电话时用)【注意】 Yes或No的后面一定要加逗号,其后的主语小写,I(我)除外。I永远大写。在回答句子时,主语必须是代词。Family Tree家族谱:*Family家庭*son儿子, daughter女儿, girl女孩, boy男孩,baby婴儿*(younger年幼的/elder年上的) brother兄弟, sister姐妹,cousin堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)*parent父母,mother母亲, father父亲, uncle舅舅, aunt阿姨, man男人, woman女人, wife妻子, husband丈夫,nephew侄子, niece侄女*grandfather祖父, grandmother祖母, female女性, male男性, grandparent祖父母, great grandfather曾祖父,great grandmother曾祖母,great grandparent曾祖父母 *Mr.先生,Mrs夫人,Ms小姐, Miss小姐,sir先生,madam女士,lady女士,gentlemen男士*请根据以上的家庭族谱图填空。*I am a _(boy/girl), my name is _ _.*I have an _ _, and her name is Venessa Smith.*I have a _ _, and his name is Michel Smith.*Alan Smith is my _, and Jessica Smith is my _, so they are my _.*Linda Price is my _, she _ 8 years old.*My _ Steven Price is a French teacher at school, and my _ Angela Price stays at home and takes care of my cousin.*I love my parents,and I also love my _. My grandfather _ 71 years old this year, and he likes traveling a lots, but my _ Mary, she would prefer to cook at home!*请写出下列图画的英文a police( ) ( ) ( )a police( )a ( )a ( )cata ( )cat a ( ) ( ), ( ), ( ) and ( )a ( ), ( ), a ( ) and ( ) (2) 行为动词do一般现在时的结构一般现在时的结构肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I work.Do you work?I don't work.Don't you work?You work.Do you work?You don't work.Don't you work?He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) doesn't work.Doesn't he(she it) work?We work.Do you work?We don't work.Don't you work?They work.Do they work?They don't work.Don't they work?*肯定回答 Yes,主语+do/does*否定回答 No,主语+dont/doesn't行为动词只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形。情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/swim-swims;help-helps;like-likes以辅音字母+o结尾的词加 -es读/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es读/iz/watches,washes以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/study-studies不规则变化have和be动词变have 为 has变be为am,is,arehave-has be-am,is,are*不规则变化:be- am/is/are; have-has(3) 一般现在时用法表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 The sky _(be) blue.天空是蓝色的。 Marys father _(be) an English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 I _(get up) at six every day.我每天六点起床。 She _(do) sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 表示客观现实。 The table _(have) four legs.桌子有四条腿。 There _(be) 50 students in my class. 我们班有50个学生。 表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言谚语等。 The sun _(rise) in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。 The earth _(turn) around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 表示平日的喜好。 I _(like) bananas.我喜欢香蕉 We _(like) vegetables. 我们不喜欢蔬菜He _(like) ice cream. 他喜欢冰淇淋 She _(like) strawberries. 她不喜欢草莓。(4)万能词:play, have和go1.球类单词集合。 football rugby baseball basketball volleyball tennis badminton打。球:play+球踢足球( ) 打羽毛球( ) 打网球( )弹。乐器:play+the+乐器Play the piano弹钢琴, play the vionlin拉小提琴, play the guitar弹吉他2.吃饭have+饭类,饮料,食物等 have breakfast吃早餐have lunch吃午餐have afternoon tea喝下午茶have dinner/supper吃晚餐have night snacks吃夜宵have some orange喝橙汁have some juice喝果汁have some milk喝牛奶have some coffee喝咖啡have some bread吃面包3.go+doing去做。事情*请将下列的短语与图画配对:go swimming, go shopping, go fishing, go skating, go flying kites, go playing basketball( )( )( )( )( )( )4.人称代词和指示代词人称代词单数复数人称代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词人称代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称I我My我的Mine我的We我们Our我们的Ours我们的第二人称You你Your你的Yours你的You你们Your你们的Yours你们的第三人称He他/she她/it它His他的/her她的/its它的His他的/hers她的/its它的They他们Their他们的Theirs他们的指示代词This这个/that那个These这些/Those那些8