新视野大学英语(第三版)Book3-Unit3-知识点总结.docx

Book 3 Unit 3 教材总结Text A一、单词1. noteworthy a. 值得注意的；显著的2. domain n. C（活动、兴趣或知识的）领域，范围，范畴portray vt. 1扮演（角色）2 ( sb. / sth. as sth.)把某人/某物描写成某种样子Lawyers tend to portray their clients as misguided underprivileged youths. 律师往往将自己的当事人描述成受人误导的贫困青年。3. exemplary a.  模范的；可作楷模的ambassador n. C大使4. brutality n. C, U野蛮行为；野蛮事件The ruler's brutality forced unarmed citizens to defend themselves.统治者的野蛮行径迫使手无寸铁的市民进行自卫。5. captive a. 被关押的；遭监禁的6. dart vi. 猛冲；突进7. huddle v. （因生病、寒冷或烦恼）蜷缩着身体8. foul a.  t 肮脏的；难闻的；难吃的9. anonymous a.  无名的；不署名的10. refugee n.  C难民；避难者11. fragile a. 脆弱的；易碎的；易损坏的This great recession clearly demonstrates how fragile the markets are. 这次经济大萧条清楚地表明市场是多么脆弱。12. fragility n.  U 脆弱13. afflict vt. 使受痛苦；折磨14. immigrant n. C（外来）移民15. rigorous a. 1严酷的；严厉的To get a doctoral degree, you are required to have rigorous training in research and specialized knowledge in your subject areas. 要想获得博士学位，你得在研究方面进行严苛的训练，还得有课题方面的专业知识。2严格的；缜密的；精确的 Many people believed in her healing powers, however, she could offer no rigorous scientific evidence that her treatment actually saves lives. 许多人都相信她的治病能力，然而，她提供不了严格的科学证据表明她的治疗确实能够救人。16. compliment vt. 赞美；称赞 n. C 赞美的话；夸奖；称赞17. humanitarian a. (only before noun) 博爱的；人道主义的18. divorce n. C, U 离婚 v.（与）离婚19. jeopardize vt. 危及；危害；损害20. paradise n. C, U 乐土；完美的境界；天堂21. conscientious a. 勤勉认真的；细心负责的22. diplomat n. C外交官；外交家This task takes the strategic skills of a general and the tact of a diplomat. 执行这项任务需要有将军的韬略和外交家的机敏。23. cozy a. 温暖舒适的；温馨的24. embark v.（使）上船/飞机；（使）装船/飞机The young couple will embark for Dalian next week. 这对年轻夫妇下周乘船去大连。25. outreach n. U（对社区居民的）主动提供服务26. drought n. C, U 旱灾；干旱Drought and economic recession accelerated the pace of decline of this region. 干旱和经济衰退加速了这个地区衰落的步伐。27. beneficiary n. C受益者；受惠者28. wicked a.邪恶的；缺德的29. deprive vt. ( sb. of sth.)剥夺30. misery n. C, U痛苦；难受；苦难31. ideology n. C, U（政治或经济上的）思想体系；（对人们行为有强烈影响的）观念32. integral a. （构成整体所）必需的，不可缺少的33. sacred a. 1很重要的；神圣的；深受尊重的 2上帝的；神的；宗教（性）的The cow is a sacred animal in Hindu culture. 在印度文化中, 牛是一种神圣的动物。34. cherish vt. 1钟爱；珍爱2珍爱；珍视35. serene a. 宁静的；安宁的；平静的The summer day by the lake in the countryside was serene and beautiful. 乡下湖边的这个夏日宁静而美丽。36. gracious a. 有礼貌的；仁慈的；和蔼的；亲切的（尤指对较低阶层的人们）37. perpetual a. (usu. before noun)连续不断的；无休止的For six months, in 2012, I lived in a perpetual state of fear of losing my job. 2012年我有六个月都生活在担心失去工作的持续恐惧之中。38. perpetually ad. 连续不断地；无休止地39. signify vt. 代表；表示；象征；意味着40. majesty n. U 1雄伟；壮丽；庄严；崇高Crowds of people move about the campus in the hours before the game, marveling at the beauty of the grounds and the majesty of the buildings. 赛前的几小时里，一群群人在校园内来回走动，对场地之美和建筑之雄伟大为叹赏。2 陛下（对国王或女王的称呼）They sang a song for Her Majesty's birthday party. 他们为女王的生日晚会唱了一首歌。41. poise n. U 镇定；自信；泰然自若；沉着二、词组1. take / hold sb. captive关押某人；囚禁某人2. turn sb. / sth. down拒绝（建议、要求或邀请）3. embark on / upon sth.开始，着手（尤指新的、有难度的或令人激动的事）4. share in sth.分享；分担；参与5. lead by example以身作则6. be stricken by / with受灾；患病；遭损失7. live on继续存在；流传下去Text B一、单词1. tuck vt. 把藏起来2. immerse vt. 1 ( oneself in sth.)潜心于某事；专心于某事2使浸没（于液体中）将多余的水吸去。The teacher encourages the students to immerse themselves in learning English. 老师鼓励学生全身心投入到英语学习中。3. legitimate a. 1合法的；法律许可的；依法的 2公正的；正当的；合理的It is not uncommon that criminal organizations use their profits from illegal activities tobuy legitimate businesses. 犯罪组织利用从非法活动中获得的利润来收购合法生意，这种情况并不少见。4. footage n. U（展示某一事件的）影片，影片片段5. simulate vt. 模拟；模仿6. miniature a. (only before noun) 很小的；微型的7. spacecraft n. C  航天器；太空船；宇宙飞船8. populate vt. 在中占有位置；占据 2构成（某地）的人口The tiny island is densely populated with nearly three million inhabitants. 那个小岛人口密集，居住着近三百万居民。9. terrific a. 1（尺寸或程度）极其巨大的，大得惊人的 2 极好的；极棒的；非常愉快的There was a terrific crush of carriages, and the traffic was almost stopped. 当时车辆极度拥挤，交通几乎完全堵塞。10. premiere n. C（电影的）首映；（戏剧、乐曲等的）首演She insisted on attending tonight's movie premiere with her new personal assistant. 她坚持和她的新私人助理一起参加今晚的电影首映。11. intuition n. U直觉力Sometimes, it's better to rely on our intuition rather than to find logical reasons for everything that happens. 某些情况下，我们最好依靠自己的直觉，而不是对发生的每一件事都去寻找逻辑理由。12. setback n. C阻碍；挫折13. turbulent a. 骚乱的；动荡的；混乱的14. carefree a. 无忧无虑的；无牵挂的15. conspicuous a. 显著的；显眼的；引人注目的16. eccentric a.（行为）怪异的，古怪的17. shun vt.（故意）避开，躲开（某人或某物）18. mock v. 嘲笑；讥笑；嘲弄；（模仿）取笑Sometimes you get mocked even when you're right. 有时候你即便是对的也会被嘲笑。19. temperament n. C, U气质；性情；性格；禀性He had a gentle temperament and a kind nature. 他性情温和，天性善良。20. revert v. ( to) 恢复；回复furious a.  狂怒的；暴怒的21. infect vt. 1（在感情或思想上）感染，影响（他人）2使传染；使感染He looked sad because he was unable to infect her with his enthusiasm. 他没能用他的热情来感染她，因而看上去郁郁不乐。22. strive vi. (strove, striven) 努力；奋斗No matter what you do, always strive to do your best. 不管做什么，你都要尽力做到最好。23. formidable a. 令人敬畏的；可怕的24. endorse vt. （正式）赞同，认可，支持25. academician n.  学会会员；院士26. mount n. C底座；底架；炮架 vt. 准备；安排；组织；开展27. lens n. C（照相机的）镜头28. manifest a. 显而易见的；明显的 vt.  显示，表明，表露（感情、态度等）29. sabotage vt. 1故意破坏（某人的计划） 2 暗中破坏（敌人或对手的设备、车辆等）30. withhold vt. (withheld, withheld)拒绝给予；扣留I can grant or withhold my favors at will. 我可以随意给予支持或拒绝支持。31. contrive vt. 1 ( to do sth.)设法做到（尤其是困难的事）2谋划；策划He would contrive some way of dealing with the situation. 他会想出办法应付这个局面。32. rectify vt. 纠正；矫正I hope that he will help to rectify the situation again. 我希望他能再次帮助扭转这一局面。33. divert vt. 1 转移的注意力 2使转向Police are trying to divert traffic away from the trouble spot. 警方试图指挥车辆行人绕开出事地点。34. discreet a. 1不引人注意的；觉察不出的2 谨慎的；慎重的35. discreetly ad. 不引人注意地；觉察不出地36. pretext n. C (under / on the of ) 借口37. smuggle vt. 1 偷偷携带；夹带 2走私；偷运38. discrete a.  分开的；分离的；离散的The work was divided into many small, discrete tasks. 这项工作被分成许多分散的小任务。39. discretely ad. 分开地；分离地；离散地When you look at these risks discretely, you might conclude that we can manage them. 当你孤立地看这些风险时，也许会认为我们是可以应对的。40. upgrade v. （使）（计算机、机器或软件）升级41. plot n. C 1 （书、电影、戏剧的）情节 2密谋；阴谋；秘密计划42. awesome a.  令人赞叹的；令人畏惧的；可怕的43. debut n. C（演员或运动员等的）首次登台，初次亮相；（新事物的）问世44. notable a. 显要的；显著的；值得注意的45. coincidence n. C, U 巧合；巧事；同时发生I'm trying to believe I'm seeing a coincidence and not a prediction of the future. 我试图相信我看见的是巧合，而不是未来的先兆。46. skeptical a. 持怀疑态度的；不相信的Leaders must be skeptical of answers they like or that confirm their way of seeing things. 领导应该对那些他们所喜欢的或者迎合他们看法的回答持怀疑态度。47. skepticism n. U 怀疑态度；怀疑论There's still plenty of skepticism about the quality of online classes. 对于在线课程的质量还有很多怀疑。48. onward ad. 往前；向前 a. (only before noun) 向前的；前进的；继续的We have not yet created an education system that can keep up with our onward progress. 我们还没有建立起能跟上我们后继发展的教育体系。二、词组1. establish oneself (as / in) 使被接受，使得到承认2. be related to sth. / sb. 与相关，与有联系3. put effort into (doing) sth. 努力做4. end (sth.) with sth. 以作为结束5. (all) on ones own 无援地；独立地6. stand fast 坚持立场；拒不让步7. drive sb. to do sth. 迫使，促使（某人做某事）8. immerse oneself in sth. 潜心于某事，专心于某事Book 3 Unit 3 课件拓展一、词组 Text A1. be afflicted by 受痛苦；受折磨2. transform sb./sth. from to 把某人/物从转变成3. embark on/upon 开始，着手4. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物5. be drowned in 埋头于；沉溺于6. share in 分享；分担；参与7. lead by example 以身作则8. be stricken by 遭受不幸Text B1. an alternative route to success 另外一条通向成功之道2. lunch tucked into his briefcase 公文包里带着午餐3. lifelong conviction 终生的信念4. obstacles and setbacks he faced 他所经历的障碍和挫折5. shunned and mocked him 躲着他和取笑他6. reverted to furiously arguing 狂暴的争吵7. flatly turn down 断然拒绝8. discreetly sneak into 偷偷溜进去9. smuggle himself back in again 偷偷混进去10. a box office hit 票房冠军，卖座电影二、句子1、be afflicted by 受痛苦；受折磨Afflicted by the endless war, people live in extreme poverty. Endless war afflicted the locals into extreme poverty.由于遭受无休止战争的折磨，人们生活在极度贫困之中。2、transform sb./sth. from to 把某人/物从转变成The military training transformed them from ordinary civilian youths to qualified cadets.The military training reshaped them from civilian youths to qualified cadets.军训使他们从普通地方青年转变成合格的军校学员。3、embark on/upon 开始，着手With tremendous determination and courage, he embarked on a solo voyage across the Pacific Ocean. Tremendous determination and courage drove him to embark on a solo voyage across the Pacific Ocean.带着巨大的决心与勇气，他开始了独自横渡太平洋的航行。4、deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物Because of poverty, many children in remote areas are deprived of their right to education. Poverty in remote and isolated areas deprived local children of their entitlements to be educated. 由于贫困，许多偏远地区的儿童被剥夺了受教育的权利。5、be drowned in 埋头于；沉溺于Drowned in the appealing plots of the detective story, the child neglected his meals and sleep. 这个孩子沉浸在侦探小说引人入胜的情节里，废寝忘食。6、share in 分享；分担；参与All people, whether they are male or female, old or young, rich or poor, should share in the common task of creating a harmonious society. All people, be they male or female, old or young, rich or poor, should join the shared mission of creating a harmonious society. 所有人，不管是男性还是女性，年老还是年轻，富有还是贫穷，都应参与到构建和谐社会的共同任务中。7、lead by example 以身作则Good teachers lead by example rather than only tell the students what to do.好老师会以身作则而不只是口头上告诉学生该做什么。8、be stricken by 遭受不幸Nepal was stricken by a massive earthquake with a magnitude of 8.1 on April 25, 2015.2015年4月25日，尼泊尔遭受了8.1级大地震的袭击。9、Despite her success in the film domain, the roles she most preferred portraying were not in movies. 尽管在电影界获得成功，但她最愿意塑造的角色却并不在影片中。10、Despite his success in business field, the goal he most prefers pursuing is to become a bel-canto singer.尽管他在商界很成功，但他最想追求的目标是成为美声歌唱家。11、As a young girl during the Nazi occupation of her native Holland, Audrey Hepburn was aware of the brutality, death, and destruction of war.作为一名在纳粹占领下的祖国荷兰生活的小女孩，奥黛丽·赫本清楚战争所带来的野蛮、死亡和破坏。12、As a doctor with rich clinical experience, he is aware of the best treatment for the patient. 作为临床经验丰富的医生，他很清楚病人的最佳治疗方案。13、The little girl who would become the worlds most magical actress began as an anonymous refugee confronting lifes horrors and fragility firsthand. 这个日后将成为世界上最具魅力女星的小女孩刚开始只是一个无名难民，直面生命中的恐惧和脆弱。14、The young man who would become the world famous billionaire began as a peddler without stable income.这个日后将成为世界知名亿万富翁的年轻人刚开始只是一个没有固定收入的小商贩。15、establish oneself (as / in) 使被接受，使得到承认At Yale University, he quickly established himself as a brilliant student among a class of many outstanding students.他在耶鲁大学很快让自己成为了拥有众多杰出学生的班级中出色的一员。16、be related to sth. / sb. 与相关，与有联系Im not exactly sure what she does there, but it seems to be related to humorous poems.  我并不确切的知道她为什么会出现在那些结果中，但似乎与幽默诗歌有关。17、put effort into (doing) sth. 努力做If they put effort into everything, there is no limit to what they can do.如果他们努力做每件事，他们能做成任何事。18、end (sth.) with sth. 以作为结束My light-hearted temperament makes me able to greet, and also to end each day with a smile. 无忧无虑的性格使我能够用微笑迎接和结束每一天。19、(all) on ones own 独立地She had inherited the orchard and was running it all on her own. 她已继承了这片果园，果园的打理全靠她自己。20、stand fast 坚持立场；拒不让步Switzerland will stand fast in the future as it has stood fast in the past.就像在过去拒不让步一样，瑞士在未来也会坚持立场。21、drive sb. to do sth. 促使（某人做某事）Anticipation of an upcoming test would logically drive student to study. 预料到即将要考试自然会促使学生学习。22、immerse oneself in sth. 潜心于某事，专心于某事The teacher encourages the students to immerse themselves in learning English. 老师鼓励学生全身心投入到英语学习中。23、It is not by any coincidence that Steven is in his present position. Instead, it is Stevens committed spirit that has strengthened him in standing fast against all rejections, prejudice and skepticism and driven him to keep moving onward. (Para.10)史蒂文能达到目前的地位绝非偶然，相反，是史蒂文执著的精神让他能够脚踏实地，直面所有拒绝、偏见和怀疑，并推动他持续向前。24、It is not because I am striving to cultivate an air of innocence that I often dress in white; it is because I have to think of my own convenience for entering and leaving my place of work that I wear white.我并不是因为要努力营造纯洁气氛才常穿白色衣服，而是因为我必须考虑进出工作场所方便才穿白色的。25、Such persistence is hardly surprising from a boy whose lifelong conviction was to “Make sure you are right and go on!” (Para. 1)对于一位终身信念是“确定你是对的，然后勇往直前！”的小男孩而言，这种坚持并不让人意外。26、Such commitment is hardly surprising from a girl whose lifelong conviction was to be a respectable doctor who can heal the wounded and rescue the dying. 对于一位终身信念是成为一名救死扶伤、受人尊敬的医生的小女孩而言，这种执著并不让人意外。27、Steven repeatedly tried to prove himself to the Universal executives, while working in a cafeteria to save up money for equipment. (Para. 8)史蒂文一边再三向环球公司管理层证明自己，一边在餐厅打工攒钱买设备。28、Turn on your favorite music, while doing household chores, this will make the task more enjoyable and will have a sense of achievement when you are completing them.当你在做家务的时候可以放一些你喜欢的音乐。这能让你的家务劳动变得更加有趣并且能让你在完成家务的时候有成就感。三、课后翻译【老师版】Ink wash paintingInk wash painting, one unique type of traditional art of China, is a typical icon of Chinese painting. The art originated from the period of the Tang Dynasty, and enjoyed its blossoming development during the periods of Song and Yuan Dynasties. A history of over 1000 years has seen the arts consistent development, variation and perfection.The tools and materials used for ink and wash painting, like calligraphy brush, Xuan paper and ink, are China-specific, which enrich the paintings with Chinese-specific features. Mixing water and ink with varied ratio, for example, gives the paintings different levels of being dry and wet, dark and light.Putting ink strokes of differed concentration on absorbent Xuan paper manifests unconstrained imaginary scenes, which generates unique aesthetic effect. Ink wash painting enjoys being a prestigious form of art in Chinas painting domain, and is even reckoned as the benchmark for evaluating oriental painting arts.水墨画是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。四、拓展话题UNICEF（联合国儿童基金会）Every child countsUNICEF is a leading humanitarian and development agency working globally for the rights of every child. Child rights begin with safe shelter, nutrition, protection from disaster and conflict and traverse the life cycle: pre-natal care for healthy births, clean water and sanitation, health care and education.UNICEF has spent nearly 70 years working to improve the lives of children and their families. Working with and for children through adolescence and into adulthood requires a global presence whose goal is to produce results and monitor their effects.