英语词汇：一些来自于中国的词汇.docx

Silk 丝绸Pronounced si in Mandarin1. The word was first introduced to Western culture by smugglers who took silk worms and mulberry leaves out of China in 552 Common Era (CE).在中文里的读音为：si。这个词语第一次引入到西方是公元552年走私者将蚕、桑叶从中国带到西方的时候。 Feng Shui 风水Literally2 wind and water. It is the Chinese belief in creating a spiritual balance in one's home and workplace. The word was first introduced to Westerners in 1757.字面意思是：风和水。风水是中国人在家和工作场所创造精神平衡的一种信仰。这个词最开始进入西方是1757年。 Kowtow 磕头Literally means "knock head." Pronounced e k'o-t'ou in Chinese. In China the word is a way of bowing and touching3 the forehead to the ground to indicate respect. In English the word means to "be servile: to behave in an extremely submissive way in order to please somebody in a position of authority."字面意思就是“扣头”，在中文中的发音为：e ko-tou ，意思是：鞠躬，前额碰到地上以示尊重。在英语中的意思是“奴化：为了取悦别人，表现得非常顺从。” Gung Ho 工合Pronounced gng hé in Mandarin. The literal translation is,"work together." The English use was popularized by Marines fighting in the Pacific in World War II. The phrase came to mean: "whole heartedly enthusiastic, and loyal, eager, and zealous4."在普通话里的发音为gng hé，意思是“合作、同心协力”。在英语中广泛被使用是二战时期海军陆战队在太平洋作战时期。这个短语的意思是：“竭诚热情，忠诚、愿望、热心。” Typhoon 台风Pronounced dàfng in Mandarin and tai fung in Cantonese. The literal translation is "strong wind." Experts say the term, typhon from the Greek and Arabic, was strengthened with the Chinese translation.在普通话中的发音为：dàfng，广东话的发音为：tai fung。直译过来就是：“强风”。有专家表示这个词汇源自于希腊语和阿拉伯语，中文翻译后意思加强了。 China 中国In Chinese, the name is pronounced zhng guó and literally means "the middle country." The name was first used by the Italian explorer, Marco Polo.在中文里的读音为：zhng guó，字面意思是“中间的国家。”最初使用这个词汇的人是意大利探险家马可波罗。 Junk 垃圾The literal translation in Chinese is "boat." In 1884 the term came to mean "old refuse from boats and ships," and eventually came to mean trash in Western culture.中文中的字面意思是“船”。这个词语在1884年表示的是“船上的废旧物”，在西方最终演变成垃圾的意思。 Lose Face 丢面子The literal translation is "humiliation5" and is pronounced tu lien6 in Chinese. The word is said to have been introduced to English speakers in 1876.字面的意思是“丢脸、耻辱”，发音为tu lien。据说这个词汇是在1876引进西方的。 Shanghai 上海Shanghai is a Chinese seaport7. The word in English came to mean, "to drug a man unconscious and ship him as a sailor." This was the practice of 'recruiting' sailors to the seaport of Shanghai.上海是中国的一个港口城市。在英语中的意思是“给某人下毒使其失去意识，然后带他去做船员。”这就是上海港口实际中“招募”的船员。 Tai Chi 太极In Chinese, the word is literally translated to the "supreme8 ultimate." It is now used in American lingo9 to describe the martial10 art of tai chi. Some emphasize the slow movements as a form of exercise, while others practice it as a martial art.按照中文译过来就是“太极(最高极限)。”这也是现在美国武术馆中描述的太极。一些人将其看做一种慢动作的练习方式，但是另一些人将其当做武术来练。 Oolong 乌龙茶Literally "black dragon." First introduced to the English language in 1852 as a dark, black tea.字面意思是“黑龙。”首次是1852年作为红茶引入的。词汇解析：1 Mandarin n.中国官话，国语，满清官吏；adj.华丽辞藻的参考例句：Just over one billion people speak Mandarin as their native tongue.大约有十亿以上的人口以华语为母语。Mandarin will be the new official language of the European Union.普通话会变成欧盟新的官方语言。2 literally adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实参考例句：He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。3 touching adj.动人的，使人感伤的参考例句：It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。His letter was touching.他的信很感人。4 zealous adj.狂热的，热心的参考例句：She made zealous efforts to clean up the classroom.她非常热心地努力清扫教室。She is a zealous supporter of our cause.她是我们事业的热心支持者。5 humiliation n.羞辱参考例句：He suffered the humiliation of being forced to ask for his cards.他蒙受了被迫要求辞职的羞辱。He will wish to revenge his humiliation in last Season's Final.他会为在上个季度的决赛中所受的耻辱而报复的。6 lien n.扣押权，留置权参考例句：A lien is a type of security over property.留置是一种财产担保。The court granted me a lien on my debtor's property.法庭授予我对我债务人财产的留置权。7 seaport n.海港，港口，港市参考例句：Ostend is the most important seaport in Belgium.奥斯坦德是比利时最重要的海港。A seaport where ships can take on supplies of coal.轮船能够补充煤炭的海港。8 supreme adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的参考例句：It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。9 lingo n.语言不知所云，外国话，隐语参考例句：If you live abroad it helps to know the local lingo.住在国外，学一点当地的语言自有好处。Don't use all that technical lingo try and explain in plain English.别尽用那种专门术语，用普通的词语解释吧。10 martial adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的参考例句：The sound of martial music is always inspiring.军乐声总是鼓舞人心的。The officer was convicted of desertion at a court martial.这名军官在军事法庭上被判犯了擅离职守罪。