(外研版)高中英语选修7 Module 4 Music born in America知识点整理二.docx

选修7 Module 4 Music born in America知识点整理二poser n作曲家，其动词形式为compose创作（文学或音乐作品），动词过去式为composed，动词过去分词为composed. She began to compose songs at an early age.compose做动词时，还可意为“组成“，不可用于进行时，其形容词形式为composed，表示“组成”的短语：be composed of由组成”， 表示整体由部分组成Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.水由氢和氧组成。make up构成；占用（用于主动语态）,部分作主语，表示部分构成整体 One hundred years make up a century.be made up of由组成(用于被动语态)，整体作主语，表示整体由部分组成。The audience was made up of very young children.consist of由组成，由构成，常用整体作主语，表示整体由部分组成，引申指“包含有”，不能用于被动语态。A week consists of sever days.The new machine consists of several main parts.His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作是帮助一些孤寡老人。consist in. 在于 consist with . 与一致；符合 Her charm does not consist only in her beauty.她的魅力不仅在于她的美貌。 The report consists with facts. 这篇报道符合事实。 (1)Computer systems_hardware h:dwe and software.A.consist of B.made up C.consist in D.is consisted of(2)The class_50 students.A.is considered of B.consists C.consists of D.is made of(3)The search group_11men,and at last they found the missing boy in the train.A.consisted by B.was consisted by C.consisted of D.was consisted of(4)The visiting group_famous football players.A.consists of B.makes up C.including D.insists of(5)American Indians_about five percent of the US population.A.fill up B.bring up C.make up D.set up(6)An excellent musician can not only sing songs wonderfully but also_songs and even play several kinds of musical instruments.A.direct B.compose C.perform D.act(7)The new plan_three parts,each of which is very important.A.composes of B.is composed of C.makes up D.makes up of(8)同义句转换：世界由七大洲组成The world consists of seven continents.=The world_seven continents kntnnt,=The world_seven continents.=Seven continents_the world.(9)The group shall_(compose)four students so that they can help each other with their English.(10)As we all know,the UK is a large country_four parts.A.consisting of B.makes up C.consist of D.is make up of(11)用consist短语的适当形式填空。 a)Happiness does not _ how much money you have b)The delicious soup _ tomatoes, peas and meat. c)As we all know, theory should _ practice. d)The committee_ten member.e)What you say doesnt_what you do.f)The beauty of Venice_the style of its ancient buildings.(12)Would you please tell us something about the Group of Eight(G8)?OK.G8 is an international organization_(consist)of the richest countries in the world,five of which are quite small and two of which are island states.(1)A (2)C (3)C (4)A (5)C (6)B创作歌曲 (7)B(8)is made up of is composed of make up (9)be composed of (10)A (11)a)consist in b)consists of c)consist with d)consists of e)consist with f)consists in (12)consisting你能告诉我们八国集团的一些情况吗？八国集团是一个国际组织，它由世界上最富有的国家组成，其中一个国家很小，有两个国家是岛国。8.decline n衰退；下降；减少；vt & vi拒绝；减少；下降 be in decline处于下降，衰退中 be on the decline在下降，在衰退 decline to do sth拒绝做某事 We are studying the decline of ancient Rome.我们在研究古罗马的衰落。 The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到这个地区旅游的人数减少了10%。 His interest in computer games is now in decline. The town declined after the mine closed.衰落 Allen angrily declined to discuss the matter.拒绝 (1)The number of tourists to the area_by 30% since the earthquake occurred. A.have been decreased B.has been fallen C.has declined D.have fallen (2)She declined_(have) lunch with her friend,saying that she wasnt feeling well. (3)Though their input投入，输入 is on decline,they still spend much money on their new house. (改错) (4)阅读理解 Cities with a declining population may have to face the prospect(前景) of a shrinking tax base and a fall in land values.If there are fewer children going to school,teachers may be thrown out of work.When the pressure of population on housing declines,prices also decline and the building industry is weakened.Faced with considerations such as these,the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population,rather than one which is stable or in decline. According to the writer,developed countries prefer_. A.a stand still population B.a fast increasing population C.a slowly growing population D.a steadily decreasing population (1)C decline和 fall作“下降，减少”讲时都是不及物动词。(2)to have (3)on改为in或者在第一个on后加the (4)C9.instant adj立刻的 n片刻 instantly adv立即 instance(=example)例子，情况 for instance例如 The instant/Instantly he reached the country,he started his search. (1)People all over the country felt shocked_they heard about the news_eight children were killed at the school gate. A.the moment;that B.when;which C.immediately;/ D.the second;what (2)He had a strange hairstyle and he_(instant) became the focus of attention the moment he_(step) into the classroom. (1)A (2)instantly stepped10.advantage n优点；优势；益处 disadvantage n不利；缺点 have an advantage over优于某人，胜于 take advantage of利用 to ones advantage=to the advantage of sb对某人有利 be of advantage to sb对某人有利 to advantage有效地，有利地，显眼地Hang the picture somewhere where it will show up to advantage.把这幅画挂在便于它显示较好效果的地方。 have an advantage of具有的有利条件 She had the advantage of a good education. In playing volleyball you have the advantage of being tall. (1)More and more people are signing for Yoga(瑜伽) classes,_advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A.taking B.taken C.having taken D.having been taken (2)Shes got the job because she has the advantage_others of knowing more knowledge. A.over B.above C.against D.beyond (3)The dog may be a good companion for the old.However,the need to take it for walks may be a_.(advantage) (4)Television has many_(advantage).It keeps us informed about the latest news and provides entertainment in the house. (5)It is a great_for a person to be able to drive when he is seeking a job. A.advantage B.chance C.benefit D.fortune (6)British students have a language_for jobs in the USA and Australia over our Chinese. A.chance B.ability C.possibility D.advantage (7)Where is your daddy,Jenny? He takes_of the good weather to go out for a walk. A.benefit B.control C.advantage D.access (8)Being able to speak English fluently is your_when you look for a better job. A.chance B.advantage C.importance D.opportunity (9)Havent you learned of the advantage you should_ others weak points in order to win the match?A.make on B.make of C.have to D.take of(10)The present situation is of advantage to him.(同义短语替换)(11)We should take full advantage of the advantages at present.(同义句转换)Full_ _ _ _ _the advantages at present. (1)A越来越多的人报名参加瑜伽课，利用其健康和放松的益处。现在分词短语作伴随状语 (2)A (3)disadvantage (4)advantages (5)A (6)D (7)C (8)B (9)D短语：take advantage of 利用，题中Havent you learned of后是一个定语从句，先行词为the advantage，省略了关系代词that/which,从句中take后缺少宾语。根据短语所以用take of。(10)to his advantage (11)advantage should be taken of11.spread vt & vi(spread-spread-spread) (1)vt使伸展；张开，展开，铺开 (常与out连用);摆好（餐桌），上（菜等） He spread a blanket on the bed.他在床上铺了一条毯子。 The bird spread its wings.鸟展开翅膀。 The table was spread for dinner.桌子已摆好，准备吃晚饭。 (2)vi（消息等）传开，流传 The news spread through the factory very quickly.消息很快传遍工厂。 The fire spread from the factory to the house nearly.火势从工厂蔓延至附近的房舍。 (3)n蔓延，传播 They took steps to prevent the spread of infuenza.他们采取措施阻止流感的传播。注意：spread表示“消息、谣言、知识等的传播”时，是不及物动词，因此没有被动语态。可以和get around/round/about替换。 spread out展开；张开；散开spread sth over sth把某物铺在上 spread sth on sth在上涂 spread sth with sth把某物涂在上 spread to sth蔓延到某物 lease spread my bread with some apple jam. The boy spread out a carpet.这个小男孩展开了一块地毯。 I want to spread butter on pieces of toast.我想要在烤面包上抹黄油。 (1)Papermaking began in China and from here it_to North Africa and Europe. A.spread B.grew C.carried D.developed (2)Please spread the tablecloth_the table. A.on B.onto C.over D.above (3)Soon the fire_(spread) from the riverside to the mountain. (4)He_the rumor 'ru:m 谣言here and there that the price would go up. A.spread B.scattered C.expanded D.extended (5)How did you know it?Well,the news_all over the town. A.was spread B.spread C.was spreading D.had been spread (6)_its wings,the bird headed for the island.(spread) (7)A broad smile spread_Jacks face when he eventually gained a scholarship. (8)As civilization_(spread),more and more people have realized the importance of preserving保持 rare animals from dying out. (9)We spread white covers over the bowls_(keep) flies away. (10)According to the World Health Organization,health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent the_(蔓延，传播)of AIDS. (11)The game was a great success in the United States and it soon_(spread) to Australia and then to other English-speaking countries. (12)She had to work deep into the night,otherwise she couldnt have spread the messages_all the relevant有关的 people successfully. (13)Contrary to what many people think,HIV cannot_(spread) through mosquitoes,a cough or sneeze. (14)I was still sleeping when the fire broke out and then it_(spread) quickly. (15)With the rapid growth of population,the city_(spread) in all directions in the past five years. (16)完形填空 In the dining room of my grandfathers house stood a massive(巨大的) grandfather clock.Meals in that dining room were a_for four generations to become one.The table was always_with food from wonderful family recipes(食谱) containing love as the main ingredient(成分).And always that grandfather clock stood like a trusted old_,sharing our happiness. A.party B.time C.place D.situation A.filled B.cleared C.spread D.left A.friend B.guard C.doctor D.lawyer (1)A造纸术起源于中国，并且是从这里传播到北非和欧洲去的。 (2)C请把桌布铺到桌上(3)spread (4)A.他四处散布谣言说物价要上涨。(5)C (6)Spreading (7)across/over 当杰克最终获得奖学金时，他的脸上展露出灿烂的笑容。spread across/over流露；蔓延 (8)spreads 随着文明的传播，越来越多的人已经意识到保护珍稀动物免于灭绝的重要性。spread传播，流传 (9)to keep (10)spread名词“蔓延，传播”(11)spread (12)to 她不得不工作到深夜，否则的话她就不能把信息成功地传播给所有相关人员。(13)be spread和许多人想的不同，不能通过蚊子、咳嗽、打喷嚏传播。 (14)spread (15)has spread随着人口的快速增长，这座城市在最近的5年里向四周延伸。(16)B在那个餐厅吃饭使得四代人变为一个时代的人了。C桌上总是摆着可口的以爱为主要原料的家常菜。意为“摊开，摆开”A那个落地摆钟一直像一个值得信任的老朋友一样矗立在那里，分享着我们的幸福。12.rather than而不是 rahter than是并列连词，表示一种客观的选择，常连接两个同等的成分，如名词、代词、形容词、介词、不定式、动名词、分句或动词等。 当它并列两个不定式时，后面不定式的to可省。 当它并列两个主语时，谓语动词与前一个主语一致。 prefer to do rather than do宁愿做，也不愿做 would rather do than do 或 would dorather than do宁愿做，也不愿做。 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. I would die rather than give in to him. She likes to keep things rather than(to)throw them away. He ,rather than you,is to blame. Rather than squeezing your own apples,have you ever tried buying packs of apple juice?你是否尝试过买苹果汁而不是自己榨汗？ (1)Its hot.I think Ill have a cold drink_warm coffee. A.more than B.rather than C.or rather D.would rather (2)Facing up to your problems_running away from them is the best approach to working things out. A.more than B.rather than C.along with D.or rather. (3)The boys parents,who let him play football indoors,rather than the boy_to blame for the broken window. A.was B.be C.to be D.were (4)He played the computer game till late last night,_,early this morning. A.rather than B.or rather C.other than D.more than (5)The form cannot be signed by anyone_yourself. A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than (6)语法填空 a)I was the girl with the_(glass),who liked reading and would rather stay home_go to the football game. b)I decided to write rather than_(telephone). c)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than_(read)the newspaper. d)Rather than_ (go)there,Id prefer to stay here on my own. (1)B (2)B (3)D (4)B他昨晚打电脑游戏到深夜，确切地说是今天早晨。 or rather确切地说(5)B other than意为“除了之外”(6)a)glasses;than b)(to)telephone c)reading d)go 13.bored adj表示“感到厌烦的” boring adj表示“令人厌烦的”be/get bored with厌倦/厌烦 be/get tired of厌倦/厌烦（指心理感受） be/get tired from/with因为而感到疲倦/累了（指身体感觉） He is/gets bored with/tired of/fed up with his present job.(1)Mr Smith, of the speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring.(2)He is_with your long speech and is looking forward to_basketball after school.A.boring;play B.bored;playing C.bored;play D.boring;playing(3)The students are tired_their teachers lecture. (1)A (2)B (3)of14.辨析：add to和add up to add to表示“增加，增添” The bad weather added to difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了难度。 add up to表示“加起来总共，合计达到”，还可以表示“（总起来看）说明，意味着”之意。 The figures add up to 137.这些数目加起来总和是137. 拓展：add to把加进 add up相加 add that补充说 (1)The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather_the helplessness of the crew at sea. A.added to B.resulted from C.turned out D.made up (2)The cost of their trip to Singapore_5,000 dollars. A.added up to B.added up C.added to D.was added up to(3)选词填空：add to/add to/add up/add up toa)I don't think these facts will _ anything. b) Fifty new books have been _ the library. c) The music _ our enjoyment of the film. d) You must have made a mistake when you _ the bill _. (4)Mr Smith made a speech,_he liked the visit to China very much.(add)(5)Barker refused to answer more questions,_(add) that he had already said too much. (6)The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_(add) that he enjoyed his stay here.(7)情景填空a)The president said it was not easy to manage a company,_that the financial crisis(金融危机)_the difficulties.b)However,the dormitory(宿舍)for the workers must_and they would_a toilet_each room.The week before,he_all the expenses and the total_more than 100,000 yuan.(1)A (2)A (3) ( add up to, added to, adds to, addedup ) (4)adding史密斯先生作了发言，并补充说他很喜欢这次中国之行。(5)adding Barker拒绝回答更多的问题，还说他已经说了太多了。add“又说，补充说” 现在分词作状语(6)adding来访的部长表达了他对会谈的满意，还补充说他在这里停留期间过得很开心。现在分词作状语 (7)a)adding;added to b)be added;add to;added up;added up to15.harmony n协调；和谐；种睦；一致 be in harmony with与协调一致/和睦 be out of harmony with与不协调一致/和睦 live in harmony和睦相处 harmonize v使和谐，使与协调 harmonious adj和谐的 Her ideas were no longer in harmony with ours.她同我们的想法不再一致了。 (1)Relations with our neibours are very_(harmony) at the moment. (2)Our cat and dog never fightthey live