【江苏】2014版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十二 阅读理解].doc

温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。专题检测卷(二十二) 阅读理解(建议用时: 25分钟)A(2013·连云港模拟)体裁说明文题材学生与工作词数367For high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(实习). In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far between. Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. The students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education. In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment. But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the countrys most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills. Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teaching them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while theyre still at high school. However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. “The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the Summer job experience, they become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said Michael, a researcher in the US. 1. In the authors opinion, American high school leavers. A. have enough career-related coursesB. need more career advice from their schoolsC. perform better in exams than German studentsD. can get higher earnings in later years2. According to Robert Schwartz, . A. there is no need for kids to go for higher education in the USB. students should get contact with the working world at high schoolC. education reform should focus on students performance in examsD. teenagers in the US cant miss out on the summer job experience3. What can be inferred from the text? A. Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain high at the moment. B. Students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job. C. US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment. D. High school leavers with no practical skills cant find a job absolutely. 4. Whats the main idea of the text? A. Arguments about recent US education reform. B. Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers. C. The lack of career-based courses in US high schools. D. Advice for American high school leavers. 5. The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 6 most probably means. A. discouragingB. interestingC. creativeD. unbearableB体裁议论文题材大脑的研究词数390What makes humans smarter than other animals? Weve got a bigger brain, of course. But when it comes to brains, is bigger always better? Traditionally, scientists have thought that humans superior intelligence derived(源于)mostly from the fact that our brains are three times bigger than those of our nearest living relatives, chimpanzees. People even used to believe that because men have slightly larger brains than women that men are smarter. This, however, is not the truth. Scientists at University College London in the UK have found that brain organization, and not brain size, is the key to the superiority of human intelligence, reported Live Science. Through millions of years of evolution, our ancestors were constantly pushed to get smarter so that they could meet the demands of new environments. However, holding this growing intelligence in increasingly large brains was not the best choice because bigger brains require more energy to power. “This is when reorganization may come into play, ”said Christophe Soligo, a member of the London research team. In the study, scientists looked at the brains of 17 species of primates(灵长目动物), including monkeys, apes and humans. They found that in the process of evolution, brains didnt keep growing as a whole. Certain regions of the brain grew prior to others in response to species needs, and in this way they could make the best use of their limited brain space. For example, when early humans were struggling to survive, the brain region in charge of using tools and finding food grew in size more than other regions. But in modern times, the prefrontal cortex(前额皮质)the region in charge of social cognition(认知), moral judgments and goal-directed planninggrew more than the rest of the brain. Think of the brain as a room. If a big room is poorly organized, it doesnt necessarily store more stuff than a smaller one. Paul Manger, professor at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, explains this principle using the example of whales. He told Scientific American: “Whales have big brains, absolutely. But if you look at the actual structure of the brain, its not very complex. Brain size only matters if the rest of the brain is organized properly. ”6. It has recently been found that humans are smarter than the other animals mainly because. A. they are a species of primatesB. they have much larger brainsC. their brain structure is more complexD. they were constantly pushed to get smarter7. According to the article, in recent human evolution, . A. the brain kept growing in size to adapt to new environmentsB. most regions of the brain didnt changeC. the prefrontal cortex grew more than the rest of the brainD. humansbrains became increasingly simple so that humans could survive8. What can we conclude from the article? A. Gender makes a difference in intelligence. B. The size of the brain has nothing to do with intelligence. C. Species whose brain is organized properly tend to be smarter. D. Larger brains are usually organized better than smaller ones. 9. The method the writer uses to develop the last paragraph is. A. by presenting research dataB. by giving examplesC. by making a comparisonD. by analyzing cause and effectC(2013·淮南模拟)体裁说明文题材年度单词词数273Every year Chris Brogan posts his three words for a new year. Many others and I have followed his lead for the past three or four years. They helped me a lot. My words for last year were “passion”, “focus” and “delegate” and I stayed true to them. This year, 2013, my goals are more personal and less professional. FOCUSFocus is making a repeat appearance on my list this year because Im too much of a multitasker. The problem is that I have trouble finishing one thing with so many things calling me. When I was working as a writer, all my projects were handled via a schedule, Im putting a fitness and housekeeping routine into my schedule. HEALTHI get so busy taking care of everyone else, and I forget to take care of myself and this has to change. My health suffers and my weight suffers. I have to get my health in check, not only for me but because I promised my 9-year-old son. Ill make good food and lifestyle choices. I miss being thin, and its time to get it back. CELEBRATEWhat good is having it if Im not taking time to enjoy it? I have a wonderful job, a happy family, and so much to be thankful for. So how come I spend all my time working? Last summer my family took our first vacation in four years, the best thing Ive done for myself and my family in a long time. This year, Im making sure to take time to enjoy life and celebrate its many blessings. Do you have any words for 2013? 10. The underlined word “multitasker” probably refers to a person who. A. makes a living by writingB. always fails to finish a task on timeC. has several things to do at the same timeD. pays more attention to fitness and housekeeping11. Why does the writer have “HEALTH” as one of his three words? A. He wants to take better care of others. B. Hes gaining weight and feeling bad. C. He did not take any exercise in the past. D. He got the idea from his son. 12. What can we learn from the passage? A. The word “CELEBRATE” can remind the writer to enjoy life. B. The writer has a vacation with his family every four years. C. The word “FOCUS” can help the writer focus on his family. D. The writer used to be overweight for lack of exercise. 13. The best title for the passage might be. A. Three Words for 2013B. Health Should Go FirstC. Keep OrganizedD. Goals for 2013【拓展训练】阅读B篇文章, 翻译并分析长难句: Traditionally, scientists have thought that humans superior intelligence derived mostly from the fact that our brains are three times bigger than those of our nearest living relatives, chimpanzees. 句意: _分析: 第一个that引导_从句, 第二个that引导_从句, 强调_的内容。答案解析A【文章大意】本文主要通过与德国中学作比较说明在美国中学里还很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。1. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。第一段最后一句“然而, 在美国, 这一类的课程项目几乎没有或者是远远不够”, 以及第四、五段作者通过Schwartz的观点其认为, 学生在上高中时就应该得到来自学校的关于工作经历方面的帮助, 表达出了作者的观点为B。2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第六段However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. 可知“学生在高中时期就应该与以后的工作世界相联系”。3. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第六段In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可知。4. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far between. 可知。5. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章第六段In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可知, “工作市场对于16到19岁的学生来说仍然不容乐观”。B【文章大意】是不是大脑越大越聪明? 看看科学家们是怎么说的吧。6. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段的“. . . have found that brain organization, and not brain size, is the key to the superiority of human intelligence, reported Live Science”可以推知C为正确答案。7. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“But in modern times, the prefrontal cortexthe region in charge of social cognition, moral judgments and goal-directed planninggrew more than the rest of the brain. ”可知C正确。8. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段的“But if you look at the actual structure of the brain, its not very complex. Brain size only matters if the rest of the brain is organized properly. ”可以推知, 以一种合适的方式建构的相对复杂的大脑趋向于更聪明, 故C正确。9. 【解析】选B。逻辑结构题。最后一段以鲸鱼为例来说明并非大脑越大, 就越聪明, 故选B。C【文章大意】作者介绍了2013年自己的三个重要单词: focus, health, celebrate, 说明了选择这三个单词的原因。10. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。从第二段的句子The problem is that I have trouble finishing one thing with so many things calling me. 可知这个单词是“一次有很多任务的人”。11. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第三段的句子My health suffers and my weight suffers. I have to get my health in check可知作者的健康和体重出了问题。12. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从倒数第二段的句子Im making sure to take time to enjoy life and celebrate its many blessings可知celebrate这个词提醒作者要享受生活。13. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。从最后一段的句子Do you have any words for 2013? 可知这篇文章讲的是2013年的三个单词。【拓展训练】科学家们习惯上认为人类的高智商主要源于我们的大脑比我们的近亲猩猩的大脑大三倍这个事实。宾语 同位语 fact关闭Word文档返回原板块- 14 -板回返 位 实事这大猩的比们源商智为上们练训展词个年0是文这可 的后从判推选【活生要醒个 子句第从解。 【题了体健者知 子的第解节】解”人务次是单可 子段题义 析解因原词这明, , :重个自0绍作大章 故明越 越明例为段最结逻】解确确,明趋大对构建的一 可 , 的后由判。 解确正” , , 的第由解理选解案答 推 , .的第题细。析【吧说怎家看?越脑是】”容来学 于工 知. - - 段章文测猜。解知可 段文根旨 析知 0 - , 六题理 】”联世的以就时在“. 据根节 】 为者了 帮方作关的来该中高 认观 过段四以够远是乎项的类,在然句最第态观】解程课的业有很学美说作中通要本大解容的_调句从_导 第句_引 个第_. :分并 练训 0 . . . . . “ ? . . . . ? “ . ” ? . , . , . , . , . . . 0, . ” ” “ . . 词单题明体拟模· . . . . . ? . . . . , , “ , , . , . ,( 质额 , , , . . 动灵 , . , “. , . ,. . )( ? , . 词研题论体 . . “ . . . . ? . . . . ? . . . . 0 - , . , , . . 的易 . -