Jane Austen Marital Viewpoints in Her Works英语专业毕业论文.docx

ABSTRACTAll of people are eager to get a happy marriage. Jane Austens novels are always praised as a classical works about love and marriage, especially the novel of Pride and Prejudice. The novel describing several different marriages among young women of the middle class, which reveals that love is the foundation for a happy marriage, and also should be based on a large amount of money. It is perfect for young women to enter marriage if they will get love and money at the same time. What should we choose between love and money when we cant choose these two things at the same time, and which style of marriage is a more perfect one. What kind of elements is required in a happy marriage? Jane Austens ideal marriage was that we can not marry for money or regard marriage as a game. She advocated the marriage for both love and economic consideration with love playing the leading role. Key words: Jane Austen；Love； money and happy marriage； property；marital viewpoint；Pride and Prejudice；Sense and Sensibility；Emma摘 要 每个人都渴望得到幸福的婚姻，简奥斯汀的小说一直被誉为爱情和婚姻的经典作品，尤其是小说傲慢与偏见。这本小说描述了几段中产阶级女性之间的不同婚姻，表明爱是一个幸福的婚姻的基础，但也应该以大量金钱为前提的几个年轻妇女的不同婚姻。这是年轻女性进入婚姻的完美状态，如果她们同时得到爱和金钱。当我们不能同时拥有这两个东西时，我们应该怎样选择情感与金钱之间如何进行选择，才能使婚姻更完美。一个幸福的婚姻中需要哪些元素才算是幸福美满的湖婚姻。简奥斯汀的理想婚姻是我们不能为钱而结婚或把婚姻作为一个游戏。她主张既有爱又有经济因素方面的考虑的婚姻爱要发挥主导作用的结婚。关键词：简·奥斯汀，爱情，金钱，幸福的婚姻，财产，婚姻观点，傲慢与偏见，理智与情感，爱玛CONTENTSChapter INTRODUCTION .11. The introduction of the main idea. . . . . . . . . . . .1Chapter THE INTRODUCTION OFJANE AUSTENS LIFE AND HER MAIN WORDS.32.1 Jane Austens whole life and her experience.42.2 The main different Marriages of her main works. 5 2.2.1 The marriage in Sense and Sensibility52.2.2 The marriage in Pride and Prejudice.72.2.3 The marriage in Persuasion.9 2.2.4 The marriage in Emma11Chapter HER ATTITUDES INFLUENCE ON MODERN MARRIAGE.143.1 Her attitudes on modern marriage at that time. 143.2The attitudes Influence on Modern marriage. 14Chapter CONCLSION. 15References.16Acknowledgement. 1719Chapter INTRODUCTION1. The introduction of the main ideaLove，money and marriage is a popular topic since human beings have appeared. All of people are eager to get a happy marriage. But not all people can make their dream come true. Sometimes, our dream and hope just like a bubble disappeared in the wind and just leave disappointment in our heart. What should we choose between love and money when we cant choose these two things at the same time, and which style of marriage is a more perfect one. Jane Austen, as a novel writer who lived more than two hundred years ago thought about these questions? Jane Austens view of marriage expressed in her works is actually a true portrayal of the marital status in her time, especially of women of the gentry. Her novels always praised as a classical works about love and marriage, especially the novel of Pride and Prejudice. It mainly describes the development of the relationship between Elizabeth Bonnet, an intelligent young woman and the daughter of a country gentleman, and Fitzwilliam Darcy, a rich and haughty aristocratic landowner. Many people believe that a happy marriage must be based on true love. However, marriage included many things, which were property, personality and rating. Jane Austen had told us that women should insist on independent personality and dignity in their marriages and analyzed Jane Austens view of marriage was from sight of culture. In my opinion, Austens view of marriage influenced by her biographical background, her class, her religion, her love and so on. These elements were very important in her marriage concept. Jane educed her concept of marriage, which is “It is wrong to marry for money, but it was silly to marry without it”. Love is the foundation of marriage, while property is the protection of happy marriage. She expressed well her view of marriage in Pride and Prejudice which considered as a banner that advocated people should get married for love instead of only for money.（褚爱平 杨建发） The title of the novel told us Jane Austens rational attitude. To a certain extent, Pride and Prejudice was the writers hope. The actress Elizabeth was the incarnation of Austen. Elizabeth and Darcys marriage was an ideal marriage in Janes heart and also in many peoples. Jane described some other styles marriage to show fully us her view of marriage. Jane Austens novels such as Pride and Prejudice and so on transferred a message which exists in peoples heart at all time. Thats a hope to get a happy marriage.Chapter BRIEFLY INTRODUCE JANE AUSTENS WHOLE LIFE AND HER MAIN WORKS2.1 Jane Austens whole life and her experienceJane Austen (1775 - 1817), who was born in the village of Stevenson in Hampshire, was one of the famous nineteenth century British women writers. She brought the English novel to its maturity and her satirical fictions marked the transition from the 18th-century neoclassicism to the 19th-century romanticism in the English literature. Although her novels focused on courtship and marriage, Jane Austen never married and never entered a formal school and well educated by her family at home with her sisters. She did a fair amount of reading and passed her life very quietly, cheerfully. Her lifelong companion and bosom friend Was her older and only sister, CassandraBoth women never married，but their dozens of relatives and friends widened Austens social experiences beyond her immediate familyThe Austens frequently staged theatrical amateur and they were devoted readers of novels. hey also provided a delighted audience for Janes youthful comic pieces, and later for her novels. She began to write at the age of 19 or 20. Her first novel, Sense and Sensibility, appeared in (1811). Her next novel Pride and Prejudice, which she described as her “own darling child” received highly favorable reviews in (1813). Mansfield Park was published in (1814), then Emma in (1816), Northanger Abbey (1818), and Persuasion (1818).（刘炳善）Since the Industrial Revolution in the second half of the 18th century, the English social structure underwent rapid changes. The industrial capitalists began to control not only the economic but also the political power and thus the struggle between the workers and capitalists also became more and more sharp. Under such a social and literary environment, Jane Austen exerted her transitional role in English literature. Austen focused on middle-class provincial life with humor and understanding. She depicted minor landed gentry, country clergymen and their families, in which marriage mainly determined women's social status. She was well connected with the middling-rich landed gentry that she portrayed in her novels. In Chaw ton she started to write her major works, among them Sense and Sensibility, the story of the impoverished Dash wood sisters, Marianne and Eli nor, who try to find proper husbands to secure their social position. Jane Austen died in Cassandra's arms in Winchester at the age of 41 on July 18, 1817 at Winchester.（傅俊3-9）2.2 The main different Marriages of her main works2.2.1 The marriage in Sense and Sensibility Marriage of Eli nor Dash wood and Edward Ferraris based on mutual pure love Jane Austen's heroines are determined to marry wisely and well, Eleanors marriage-with love and same interests, Eli nor, the older sister, whose advice is so effectual, possesses strength of understanding, and coolness of judgment. She has a gentle disposition and a strong feeling and she is good at dealing with the housework and relationships with other people. When she knows that her lover, Edward, is betrothed, there is anything wrong with her. (Cong Lin Niu Jijun Yang161-163) “When she is injured, she can try her best to control her feelings in order to let her mother and her sister not knows the truth. With the sober judgment and special view, she knows how to control her feelings. I could not be happy with a man whose taste did not in every point coincide with my own. He must enter into all my feelings; the same with books, the same music must charm us both. Reasonable neither Eli nor falls in love with a gentleman already engaged. "I have frequently detected myself in such kind of mistakes," said Eli nor, When Marianne likes to read and express her feelings, Eli nor prefers to draw and design and be silent of his desires. Eli nor is kind and can keep calm when problems arise. She also has good views about love, but has different mode of expression. She is jealous of Edward, because of his good manners and the communication with her sisters. But she never expresses it, which may be thought as to be impetuous or clumsy. She learned a lot from the society and elders, such as being protective towards her sisters and trying her best to balance all of the relations. She held back her emotions and thought of Lucy when Lucy told her the engagement with Edward. We could hardly conceive of the situation if Marianne encountered such a thing. Eli nor is sensible personified. She wept for joy when Edward expressed his love. She released her emotions finally for the bitterness of bearing.（秦岚71-73）The marriage always establishes close contact with wage, house and poverty. So we should not object the love in the situation which has not economic base. Its not so easy to have main good communication between two young hearts. These have been reflected in the two heroines marriage views.While romantic Marianne of Sense and Sensibility is sensible and clever, but eager in everything; she is generous, amiable and interesting; she is doing everything perfectly but lack of prudent. When she meets Willoughby, she cant help falling in love with Willoughby at the first sight who is a handsome man. When he comes, many people, including Marianne pay much attention to him. She believes in first sight and passionate love, a meeting of tastes and minds; she trusts her feelings to guide her conduct.  When she knows that Willoughby will part from her, she is deep in sorrow. Later the social and psychological dangers of showing feelings are excruciatingly dramatized as Marianne insists on claiming intimacy with Willoughby in a crowded ballroom. Marianne doesnt believe Willoughby will cheat her.（池洁52-55） Marianne Dash wood romantically insists on an ideal of perfect self-fulfillment in a love based on mutual feeling and shared tastes, Marianne likes to make friends with this kind of people with charming appearance and perfect personality. While Brandon is much older than Marianne. He is not active or passionate. After cheated by Willoughby, Mariannes attitude towards love has changed a lot. Looked after by Brandon, Marianne realizes that Brandon is a good person. He has the ability to take care of her and bring her happiness. Mariannes views on love have changed from sensibility to sense.Sense and Sensibility begins with money and ends with love. At the later of the 18 the century, man has the power while woman is obedient to them. If the women dont have enough trousseaus, then they will not be happy. When they got married, the money they have will be occupied by their husbands. Many men often choose wealthy women. Just as Eli nor said “we must admit that we cant live a happy life without enough money.2.2.2 The marriage in Pride and Prejudice In Pride and Prejudice, her heroines are ultimately married. In the marriage market, they always place in a desperate situation of marrying young and rich landlords or clergymen. During Austens time, marriage was an only way for women to live better for her later life and obtained social recognition. Thus money had been taken much more seriously when it comes to marriage. In the novel, money in love and marriage is presented openly or indirectly, which shows that Austen has sharp insight into the aristocratic and bourgeois English society of her time. Critics accuse Jane Austen of being obsessed with money and rich relation. But both money and rich relations were a necessity in the society to which she belonged. Through five types of marriage, Austen depicts a clear picture of the relation between marriage and money and she puts forward quite advanced views on marriage: property, social status and love are interconnected. Marriage can not only depend on property and social status. She objects to marriage only for money and as well as marriage without consideration for the same background. She stresses the importance of emotional factors and advocates love and economic foundation are the basis of a happy marriage, while love should play the leading role. (秦岚71-73).Her views bear progressive color for in Victorian Britain, money and social status were still the decisive elements in marriage selection. Elizabeths Marriagewith Both Love and Money, Elizabeth is her fathers favorite daughter, having inherited his wit and intelligence. Mr. Darcy, an extremely wealthy aristocrat, is proud, haughty and extremely conscious of class differences at the beginning of the novel. When he first meets the Bennetts, he laughs them to scorn. At the ball in Meryton, where they make the acquaintance of each other, Mr. Darcy is quickly judged as “the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world”. because of his reserve and unwillingness to dance with anyone outside of his own party. She has pride in her ability to perceive the truth of situations and of peoples characters. Elizabeths rebukes after his first proposal to her help him to recognize his faults of pride and social prejudice. It is, in fact, precisely because Elizabeth is not so awed by his high social status as to be afraid to criticize his character that he is attracted to her. The self-knowledge acquired from Elizabeths rebukes and the desire to win Elizabeths love spur him to change and judge people more by their character than by their social class. For Elizabeth, when she begins to see that she judged Darcy completely wrongly, and she grows ashamed, concluding that she has been blind, partial, prejudiced, and absurd, in spite of the fact that she has always prided herself on her judgment. She realizes that vanity has been the cause of her prejudice. Elizabeth realized that her complete lack of objectivity in judging Darcy and Wick ham is the result of the fact that Darcy injured her pride on her first acquaintance with him and that Wick ham flattered her by his preference for her. For it is Elizabeths pride that leads to her prejudice, a prejudice which is so strong that she has to read the truth. 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