初三英语_代词的基本用法及常考点.doc

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义(24)讲义编号： 学员编号Suz1zz19年 级初三课 时 数3学员姓名吴天杨辅导科目英语学 科 教 师田化冰课 题代词授课时间：4月30日教学目标学习代词的基本用法及常考点。教学重点代词用法教学难点代词考点教学内容Riddle:.Why is a coward like a leaky faucet？为什么说胆小鬼和漏水的笼头一样？Step1: 作业检查Step3: Warming-up: Cloze Mother s Day is celebrated(庆祝) in US. It s also a holiday in some 1 countries, it is on the second Sunday in May. It is a day to thank mothers. 2 that day mothers usually 3 flowers and cards. On the cards, children will write “Thanks, Mum”, “To the best mother in the world”, “Best 4 for Mothers Day” and so on. Where does the idea for the holiday 5 ? We should thank Miss Anns Mjarvis. She brought up the idea of having 6 day. She 7 West Virginia, her mother 8 on May 9th, 1905. She 9 her mother. She wrote letters to 10 important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for 11 mothers, then Mother s Day 12 on the sdecond Sunday in May by the US in 1913. On Mother s Day, children give 13 , 14 the whole family go out and try to do 15 for their mothers.( ) 1. A. the other B. another C. others D. other( ) 2. A. On B. At C. In D. Of( ) 3. A. buy B. receive C. send D. borrow( ) 4. A. wish B. to wish C. wishes D. wished( ) 5. A. be from B. in from C. come from D. came from( ) 6. A. so a B. such a C. a such D. such( ) 7. A. lived on B. lived to C. lived for D. lived in ( ) 8. A. died B. dead C. is dead D. die( ) 9. A. hadnt deep love for B. had deep a love to C. hated D. had a deep love for( ) 10. A.some B. any C. much D. a lot( ) 11. A. both B. all C. none D. every( )12. A. is made B. made C. was made D. makes( )13. A. present to their mothers B. presents to their mothersC. presents to their mother D. thier mother presents( )14. A. but B. or C. than D. yet( )15. A. something nice B. anything niceC. nice everything D. nice somethingStep3: 代词考点讲解以及考题精炼一）课前目标检测I . Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms. 1. Kitty and Ben are going for a picnic with a cousin of _ . (they)2. Do it _ (you). I won't do it for_ . (you)3. Mr. Li taught_ maths last year. (we)4. Kitty was glad to see classmate on her way to school. (she)II . Choose the best answer. ( ) 1. Mary invited the three of _, Linda, Tom and _. A. we. me B. us. I C. ours. I D. us. me( ) 2. Mike Jordan is a basketball star. I like_ very much. A. he B. his C. him D. himself( ) 3. -Is this your ticket? - No, _ is in my pocket. It's_. A. mine her B. my. his C. mine. hers D. my. hers( ) 4. Does the detective book belong to_? A. he B. him C. his D. himself( ) 5. I sometimes show_ my photos. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them( )6. _ of my parents are English teachers. A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither( )7. Would you like some sugar in your coffee? Yes, just_ . A. a few B. few C. a little D. little( )8. The question is so difficult that of us can answer it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few( )9.There are twenty-six teachers in Grade One. Nine of them are men teachers and_ are women teachers. A. other B. the other C. others D. the others( )10. I don't like this one. Can you give me one? A. other B; the other C. another D. others( )11. There is a line of trees on side of the street. A. both B. neither C. either D. any( )12. I hope_ goes well. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing .( )13. _ is knocking at the door. Please open it. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody【Keys】. 1. theirs 2. yourself you 3. us 4. her . 1-5 DCCBD 6-10 BCDDC 11-13 CCA二）考点归纳1人称、物主、反身、疑问代词的数、格、性人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性单数第一人称I memyminemyself第二人称youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称阳性he himhishishimself阴性sheherherhersherself中性itititsitself复数第一人称weusouroursourselves第二人称youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称theythemtheirtheirsthemselves疑问代词who / whatwho(m)/ what whose/whichwhose/which2人称代词单、复数出现顺序 人称代词单数并列出现的顺序为：you，he/she (himher) and I(me)；复数顺序为：we (us),you and they(them).3反身代词的用法 self (selves)-反身代词，表示“自己、亲自”的意思。需要注意的是反身代词不能单独作主语，但可以放在人称代词后面，作同位语。如：Mary herself said so玛丽她自己这么说的。（不能说Herself said so。）4指示代词的用法 在一些特定的情景中，如敲门问是谁或是婴儿、小孩或不知性别的人时用it；电话用语中this指自己，that则代表对方。this，these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物；that，those可指时间或空间较远的人或物，并常常用来代替已提到过的名词，以避免重复，that指单数或不可数名词，而those则指复数。如：The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city.The cars from China is cheaper than those from Germany.5it和one的用法 it和one都可替代上文出现过的名词，但it指同一事物，而one则代表同一类事物中的一个，并不是同一个。6. some和any的用法 一般情况下，some用于肯定句，否定句、疑问句和条件句中用any。但some有时也用于疑问句，表示说话者的肯定语气。如：Would you like some coffee?（要来点咖啡吗？）这样的肯定疑问句中，说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时，用some而不用any。any有时也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个，任何一些”。not ()any= no。7few和a few的用法 few和a few用来代替和修饰可数名词；little，a little用来代替和修饰不可数名词；a few和a little着重肯定意思，相当于汉语“有几个”、“有一点儿”；few和little着重否定意思，相当于汉语“没有几个”、“没有多少”。 not a little=quite a little=much, not a few=quite a few=many only/just a little相当于little; only/just a few相当于few。8all，every，each的用法 从强调重点上看，all强调考虑总体；every强调考虑总体中的所有成员（与all很接近）；each则强调逐个逐个地考虑总体。从用法上看：all和each既可单独使用，也可后接名词，还可后接of短语；而every后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接of短语。从含义上看，each指两者或两者以上的“每个”；every指三者或三者以上“每个”，因此指两者时只能用each。9both, either, neither的用法 both意为“两者全都”，与复数连用；either意为“两者中间的任何一个”；neither表示“两者之间一个也不是”，与单数连用。如: Both of them come from London他们两人都来自伦敦。 You may take either with you两个中间你随便带哪个都行。 Neither is correct两个都不对。10no one，nobody，none的用法 no one与nobody的用法相似，均只用于指人不用于指物，且其后不能接of短语，用作主语时谓语用单数；而none既可用于指人也可用于指物，其后通常接of短语，用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指复数名词，则谓语可用单数（较正式），也可用复数（用于非正式文体）。如: No one (Nobody) has found it没有人发现了它。 None of this wood can be used这木头一点儿都不能用了。 None of the books is (are) worth reading没有一本书值得读。11other, the other, another, others的用法 固定搭配，两个范围内：one，the other一个，另一个；Some，others 一些，另一些。指单数时，若泛指用another，若特指用the other；指复数时，若泛指用other（后接复数名词）或others（其后不接名词），若特指用the other（后接复数名词）或the others（其后不接名词）。如，Show me another另外拿一个给我看。 Show me some others再拿一些给我看。 We should think of others我们应该多为别人着想。 Where are the other students? 其他同学在哪里？注：another后一般加单数可数名词，但若其后的名词有数词或few修饰，则也可接复数名词。如：I've got another ten minutes我还有10分钟。12复合不定代词的用法 复合不定代词主要包括something, somebody, someone, anything，anybody，anyone, nothing, nobody, everything, everybody, everyone等。它们在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，但不能作定语。其中something, someone等和anything, anyone等的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。使用时应请注意以下几点： (1) 被定语修饰时，定语应置于其后。如， Tell me something interesting给我讲点有趣的事。 There was nobody excited没有一个人很兴奋。 (2) 指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his（不一定指男性）。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they，them，their。如： If anybody (anyone) comes, ask him (them) to wait要是有人来，让他（们）等着。 (3) anyone, everyone等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of短语。若是指物或后接of短语，可用any one，every one（即分开写）。13疑问代词的用法疑问代词，即who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。它们在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。疑问代词作主语时，动词的数要根据疑问代词所代表的数来决定。如果数的概念不清，动词多用单数形式。如：Which are our seats? 哪些是我们的座位？What are you worrying about? 你在为什么事烦恼？三）考题精讲【例 1】 Do you usually want to have_ try when you fail to do something? A. one B. other C. the other D. another【解析】another=an+ other，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。本题中要表达的是再试一次，因此正确答案为D。【例2】Alice didn't watch TV last night, her brother didn't watch TV，_. A. also B. too C. either D. neither【解析】either用作代词时，意为“两者中的任何一个”，在句中可做主语和宾语。either在句中用作主语时，谓语动词应为单数形式。either用作形容词时，意为“两者中任何一个的”、“两边中任何一边的”，作前置定语用。either用作副词时，意为“也”，只用于否定句中。而also和too都用于肯定句中表示“也”。因此正确答案为C。【例3】I knocked on the door several times but _ answered, so I left. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。somebody表示某人；anybody在肯定句中表示任何人；everybody表示每个人或所有的人。而本题正确的题意是没有人应答，因此答案为B。【例4】_Tom_ Mary is busy at the moment. You'd better play with others. A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Either; or【解析】四个短语中B、C、D三个都有就近原则，只有A是可以从谓语动词的第三人称单数直接排除的。D也较容易从意思上排除，而B和C则要分析后一句话的意思，且理清前后关系后才能确定B是正确答案。四）考点精练I. Choose the best answer1. Could Nancy solve that difficult maths problem by _? A. she B. her C. hers D. herself2. I don't think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it3. Linda is a new comer here, but she gets on well with_. A. we B. our C. us D. ours4. He is very lazy. He doesn't do_ housework at home. A. some B. any C. a few D. many5. We've got two bicycles. One is for my parents, _ is for me. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 6. - I like playing football best. It's my favourite outdoor activity. _. A. So am I B. Neither am I C. So do I D. Neither do I7. - Who knocked at the door?- Ive no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn't ask who_ was. A. he B. that C. she D. it8. In 1850, about a third of the USA_ covered by forest.A. were B. has been C. was D. have been9. This kind of flower _sweet.A. smells B. smell C. is smelling D. are smelling10.In the past, _ of the buses was air-conditioned. A. neitherB. allC. noneD. either11.When I'm unhappy, I will look for _to do. A. something interestingB. interesting somethingC. interesting nothingD. anything interesting12. When shall we go to the History Museum, this Saturday or Sunday?is OK. I'm free these days. A. BothB. AllC. EitherD. Neither13. Which do you prefer, black coffee or milk tea?. I'd like some hot milk. A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. None14.After school, some students like to play video games, while_ like playing football on the playground. A. otherB. restC. othersD. the others15. My sister Mary swims faster than_ student in her class. A. anyB. any ofC. any oneD. any other16.Everyone should doduty, shouldn't?A. one's; hisB. his; heC. their; theyD. his; they17.The pears in my basket are smaller than_in Jim's.A. itB. thatC. onesD. those18.I've got many books on how to learn English better. You can borrow _if you like. A. eitherB. oneC. itD. every19.We should askto do what we can't do ourselves.A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the others. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms20. Our classroom is not as big as , but it's very clean. (they) 21. This report doesn't belong to. (he)22. I met an old friend ofwhen I was doing shopping in the market. (I ) 23. To_ great joy, we got the first prize in the reading contest. (we)24. Please helpto the apples on the table, Mary. (you) 25. China hostedfirst Olympic Games from August 8 to 24. (it) 【Keys】1-5 DDCBB 6-10 CDCAC 11-15 ACCCD 16-19 DDBC 20-25 theirs, his, mine, our, yourself, its 五）考题预测I. Choose the best answer1. Miss Brown will teachEnglish next term.A. us B. we C. our D. Ours2. He said he had a bike.A. for him B. of his C. for his own D. of his own3. Mary's cousin loves eating steamed fish. _ likes eating fishing, too.A. My B. Mine C.I D. Me4. To tellthe truth, I am very sorry for the dead children in the earth quake.A. you B .your C. yours D. yourself5. My little cousin is only nine years old won the first prize in the city chess competition.A. what B. which C. whose D. who6. -He thinks of others than of himself.- That's why everyone likes to make friends with him.A. more B. less C. much D. little7. - Is Ok, Lucy?- No, my maths is not as good as English.A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything8. I don't like playing chess, does he .A. so B. either C. also D. neither9. _ are of the same age.A. She, I and you B. I, she and youC. She, you and I D. You, she and I10. Money is important in my life, but it isn't_ to me.A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything11. -Shanghai is really a beautiful city and there's many places of interest. - So it is. Why not stay here for two days? A. other B. others C. another D. other12. The number of students in my class the same as in . A. is; her B. is; hers C. are; her D. are; hers13. I can't find the pen I was given. Have you seen_? A. it B. one C. this D. that14. New traffic laws say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined(罚款） as as 50 yuan.