day 15-2021年高二英语暑假天天练之阅读理解专练.doc

Day 15AFansida DineOur menu consists of classic European dishes made from the freshest ingredients with great care paid to every little detail. That is why our dishes can be considered as food art that impresses both vision and taste. Located at Fansida Building, it is near Aljunied MRT.Come and join us here at Fansida Dine for a true blue European fine dining experience like no other.Pillars RestaurantPillars is equipped with a good team with vast experiences in catering. Creativity is what our team of chefs are equipped with to create surprises for customers. Our traditional dishes have also received good and positive comments from our group of customers. With a strong and organized team, we deliver timely and quality services to customers at all times. You say it; we do it.Char-Grill BarChar-Grill Bar has won “Asias No.1 Brand Western Cuisine (西餐) Bar”. With its large central kitchen as a support, Char-Grill Bars long term goal is to sincerely invite those who wish to own their business in western cuisine to join the chain and set up a shop to progress and grow together.Irelands PotatoOriginating from Taiwan, Irelands Potato was inspired by the Irishs passion for potatoes.As theres an Irish saying, “There are two things in the world that cannot be joked about: 1 is Marriage, 2 is Potato.” Irelands Potato firmly support this belief to serve customers.1. Why can the dishes in Fansida Dine be considered as food art?A. They have special food design.B. They are made at Fansida Building.C. They have many different traditional tastes.D. They are made from freshest ingredients with great care.2. Which one is your best choice if you are hungry at 1:00 am?A. Fansida Dine              B. Pillars Restaurant.              C. Char-Grill Bar.              D. Irelands Potato.3. Who will pay special attention to Char-Grill Bar?A. Tom who lives near Aljunied MRT.              B. Sara who wants to become a teacher.C. Jake who wants to have a western cuisine bar.              D. Lucy who likes eating potatoes very much.【答案解析】 1. D    2. B    3. C这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四家餐厅以及它们各自具有的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our menu consists of classic European dishes made from the freshest ingredients with great care paid to every little detail. That is why our dishes can be considered as food art that impresses both vision and taste. (我们的菜单包括经典的欧洲菜肴，由新鲜的食材制成，每一个细节都非常认真。这就是为什么我们的菜肴可以被认为是视觉和味道都令人印象深刻的食物艺术的原因)”可知，Fansida Dine里的菜肴被认为是食物艺术，是因为它们是用最新鲜的原料精心制成的。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“With a strong and organized team, we deliver timely and quality services to customers at all times. You say it; we do it. (我们拥有一支强大而有组织的团队，随时为顾客提供及时和优质的服务。你点餐，我们就做)”可知，如果你在凌晨1点饿了，你的最佳选择是Pillars Restaurant。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Char-Grill Bar has won Asias No.1 Brand Western Cuisine (西餐) Bar. With its large central kitchen as a support, Char-Grill Bars long term goal is to sincerely invite those who wish to own their business in western cuisine to join the chain and set up a shop to progress and grow together. (Char-Grill Bar荣获“亚洲第一西餐吧品牌”称号。以庞大的中央厨房为依托，Char-Grill Bar的长远目标是诚邀有志于西餐事业的人士加盟，一起开店，共同进步，共同成长。)”可知，C选项“想拥有一家西餐吧的杰克”会特别关注Char-Grill Bar。故选C。BLaShenda Williams was a woman who had been sleeping in a parking lot for a year. It was a pity that she had been battling alcohol addiction and had been spending the nights in her car at a Nashville Kroger after driving around different locations during the day. Williams was really poor, and she would lean her seat in the car all the way back so that no one would see her because she wasnt supposed to be there.At the end of last year, Jackie Vandal, a hiring manager at a Kroger grocery store, noticed Williams and encouraged her to attend an upcoming job fair. With some help from Vandal, Williams spent a few hours filling out the application. Once Vandal saw the message indicating she had successfully applied, Vandal hired her on the spot.It became a great day! Williams was brimming with happiness and smiled from ear to ear. From then on, she loved her work and got excited every day to come in. She couldnt wait to see the workers who she worked with. She couldnt wait to see the customers. Her positive attitude had been a blessing to the staff, too.Even Jackie Vandal thought that they were so lucky to have Williams as part of their team members. Her uplifting spirit was inspiring. She had made such a positive impact on her fellow team members, and so many customers as well.Williams said it was easy to be enthusiastic after everything that had happened. She was sleeping in a parking lot and looking for something to eat last year.  However, now，all Williamss colleagues there love her. No one laughs at her, and no one calls her dumb and stupid. For the first time in her life, she gets peace and happiness.4. How was LaShenda Williamss life last year?A. Enthusiastic and happy.              B. Poor and hard.C. Peaceful but boring.              D. Exciting but tough.5. What happened to Williams at the end of last year?A. She got a job with the help of Vandal.B. She gained financial assistance from Vandal.C. She helped Vandal work for Kroger grocery store.D. She attended a job fair organized by a Kroger grocery store.6. Which can take the place of the underlined word“brimming" in paragraph 3?A. uncovered              B. filled              C. increasing              D. relieving7. What can we know about Williams?A. She made her family members enthusiastic.B. She won back the customers with her inspiring story.C. She loved her work and felt satisfied with her new life.D. She was so lucky that she made a good impression on customers.【答案解析】 4. B    5. A    6. B    7. C这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了穷困潦倒的拉森达·威廉姆斯应聘了超市工作以后，变得热情洋溢、开心幸福，对新生活充满希望的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LaShenda Williams was a woman who had been sleeping in a parking lot for a year. It was a pity that she had been battling alcohol addiction and had been spending the nights in her car at a Nashville Kroger after driving around different locations during the day. Williams was really poor ( 拉森达·威廉姆斯是一个在停车场睡了一年的女人。遗憾的是，她一直在与酒精上瘾作斗争，白天在纳什维尔的一家克罗格的汽车里度过了一个晚上。威廉姆斯真的很穷)”可知，威廉姆斯穷困潦倒，无家可归，日子过得很艰难。即，去年拉森达·威廉姆斯的生活穷困又艰难。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“With some help from Vandal, Williams spent a few hours filling out the application. Once Vandal saw the message indicating she had successfully applied, Vandal hired her on the spot.(在汪达尔的帮助下，威廉姆斯花了几个小时填写申请表。汪达尔看到她成功申请的信息后，当场雇用了她。)”可知，去年年底，威廉姆斯在一家克罗格杂货店招聘经理的帮助下，参加了招聘会，并且被当场录用了。即，去年年底威廉姆斯在汪达尔的帮助下找到了一份工作。故选A项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据该句中的“with happiness and smiled from ear to ear.(笑得合不拢嘴)”以及“From then on,she loved her work and got excited every day to come in. She couldnt wait to see the workers who she worked with. She couldnt wait to see the customers.(从那时起，她热爱自己的工作，每天都很兴奋能进来。她迫不及待地想看看和她一起工作的工人们。她迫不及待地想见顾客)”可知，威廉姆斯应聘成为超市员工以后，非常开心，对待工人和顾客也很热情。可推知，第三段的划线词所在句意为“威廉姆斯充满着幸福，笑得合不拢嘴”，即划线词“brimming”的意思与B项“filled(充满着)”的意思相近。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Williams said it was easy to be enthusiastic after everything that had happenedall Williamss colleagues there love her. No one laughs at her, and no one calls her dumb and stupid. For the first time in her life, she gets peace and happiness.(威廉姆斯说，在发生了所有的事情之后，很容易变得热情起来所有威廉姆斯的同事都爱她。没有人嘲笑她，也没有人说她是笨蛋。她有生以来第一次得到了安宁和幸福)”可知，自从威廉姆斯在超市工作以后，她变得很热情，工作起来也非常开心，这是她有生以来第一次得到安宁和幸福。由此推知，威廉姆斯热爱自己的工作，对自己的新生活感到满意。故选C项。CFor most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence existsthat is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational(理性的) being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal. More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our time is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called “human nature.” The historical approach was strengthened, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology (人类学). The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield(盾牌) behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as natural human characters. Popularly, one refers cynically（愤世嫉俗地） to “human nature” in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for disbelief about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.8. Most philosophers believed that human nature _.A. is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsB. consists of competitiveness and selfishnessC. is something partly innate and partly acquiredD. consists of rationality and undesirable behavior9. The traditional view of “human nature” was strongly challenged by _.A. the emergence of the evolutionary theory              B. the historical approach to manC. new insight into human behavior              D. the philosophical analysis of slavery10. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings _.A. have some characters in common              B. are born with diverse culturesC. are born without a fixed nature              D. change their characters as they grow up11. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to _.A. emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of “human nature”B. show that the concept of “human nature” was used to justify social evilsC. prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of “human nature”D. support the idea that some human characters are inherited.【答案解析】 8. A    9. A    10. C    11. B本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是从古希腊时起对于人性的组成就有诸多讨论，近些年来，对传统的人性组成的观点，有了很多不同的看法，本文就此展开了讨论。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence existsthat is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.(关于它是由什么构成的，有各种各样的观点，但人们一致认为，存在着这样一种本质，也就是说，人之所以为人，是由于某种东西的存在。因此，人被定义为一种理性的存在，一种社会动物，一种会制造工具的动物，一种会制造符号的动物)”可知，大多数传统哲学家都认为人的本性从本质上说与其他动物的品质是显著不同的。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable.(怀疑人性概念的另一个原因可能在于进化思维的影响。一旦人类开始被看作是在进化的过程中发展起来的，那么包含在他的本质中的一种物质的观点似乎就站不住脚了)”可知，进化论的出现有力地挑战了传统的“人性”观。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text.(对原始人的研究发现了如此多样的习俗、价值观、情感和思想，以至于许多人类学家得出了这样的概念：人天生就是一张白纸，每个文化都在其上书写文字)”可知，许多人类学家认为人类天生没有固定的性质。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery.(例如，亚里士多德和18世纪以前的大多数思想家都为奴隶制辩护)”可推知，作者提到亚里士多德是为了表明“人性”的概念被用来为社会邪恶辩护。故选B。DHalf of the worlds coral reefs have died in the last 30 years. Now scientists are racing to ensure that the rest will survive. “The threat to coral reefs isnt something thats going to happen 100 years from now. Were losing them right now” Julia Baum told the Associated Press. She is a marine biologist at the University of Victoria, in British Columbia, Canada. “Were losing them really quickly, much more quickly than I think any of us ever could have imagined.”Even if global warming were in stop right now, scientists predict that more than 90% of corals will die by 2050. If no major steps are taken to address the issue, the reefs may be headed for total extinction.The planets health depends on the survival of coral reefs. They are often described as underwater rainforests, because they are ecosystems that provide habitats for one in four of all marine species. In addition, the reefs serve as barriers that protect coastlines from the full force of powerful storms. Corals are used in medical research for cures to diseases. They are key to local economies, as well, since the reefs attract tourists, the fishing industry, and other businesses, bringing in billions of dollars of revenue(收入).“To lose coral reefs is to fundamentally damage the health of the human race,” Ruth Gates, director of the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, said.Corals are animals that lack a backbone. They live mostly in tropical waters. The corals release a substance called calcium carbonate(碳酸钙), which forms protective skeletons around them. The skeletons grow and take on vivid color1 s. This is the result of the corals mutually beneficial relationship with algae(藻类) that live in their tissues(组织) and give them energy.But corals are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature. A rise of just 1 to 2 degrees Celsius can force the corals to drive out the algae. Then the corals skeletons turn white in a process called “bleaching”. Corals can survive in these higher temperatures only for a few months.12. What can we know about the worlds coral reefs?A. The number of the worlds coral reefs is on the decrease.B. 45% of the worlds coral reefs have died in the last 30 years.C. Global warming has no influence on the worlds coral reefs.D. Scientists have taken major steps to address the issue of worlds coral reefs.13. Paragraph 4 is mainly about _.A. economic value of coral reefsB. the challenges faced by coral reefsC. the medical functions of coral reefsD. the importance of