人教版八年级下册英语考点动词不定式讲解及练习Word版（有答案）.doc

动词不定式一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。To go in for sports helps you stay fit.It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind, nice, good, polite, clever, foolish, right, wrong等表示评价的形容词。例：Its right of him to refuse the invitation. (him为逻辑主语)2、表语：Our duty is to protect the environment.3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。例：Would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle.和plan用法一样的词还有：start, want, agree, hope, begin, decide等。I found it very difficult to get a job. (it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语：(1) 在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to。例：I asked a friend to read it to me. (book4，L2)(2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词 (see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, make, let, have, help等) 后不带to。例：They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。例：I have something important to say.6、形容词补足语:在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。例：We are very glad to meet you again.7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。例：They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.8、“疑问词+不定式”用法：不定式前可带what, who, which, where, when, how等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中多用做宾语。例：He didnt tell me where to go.不定式综合练习：一用动词的适当形式填空（包括时态和动词的非谓语形式）1、 Joe Hill wrote songs_(keep) up the workers struggle. 2、 His brother told me he enjoyed_(play) football very much. 3、 Stop _(talk), you will hear something strange. 4、 Dont make him_(climb) the tree. 5、 This year they are going _(put) up a new theatre (戏院). 6、 These books cant_ _(return) to you, because I _ _(not finish)_(read) them.7、 Father asked his son_(not play) with fire. 8、 The students were asked _(take) out a piece of paper and write down the sentences on the blackboard. 9、 After having a rest , he went on _(do) his homework. 10、 Its time for you _(empty) the dustbin. 11、 A lot of information _(put) into the computer yesterday . 12、 Its important _(do) morning exercises every day. 13、 To a doctor the most important thing is_(save) lives. 14、 The boss made us_(work) more than ten hours a day. 15、 The professor had a strange way of_(make) his lessons lively and interesting. 16、 (put)_on your coat and be careful _(not catch) a cold. 17、 I am sorry _(keep) you_(wait) so long. 18、 How _(get) to the science museum is a question. 19、 It takes me half an hour_(go) to school on foot. 20、 She was never heard _(sing) so well before. 21、 She often does_(shop) in the evening. 22、 They stopped_(listen) to her songs because they were fond of _(sing). 23、 Its rather cold ,youd better_(not take) off your coat. 24、 Its kind of you_(give) seat to the old man. 25、 May I use your dictionary for a minute? I want_(look) up a new word. 26、 They were able_(built) the house themselves. 27、 He was told _(pay) attention to (注意) his pronunciation(发音). 28、 He had a lot of work_(do). 29、 Would you please_(give) the boy something _(eat). 30、 Would you like him _(get) some water for you? 31、 I saw Mary _(play) with her sister under the tree. 32、 You must_(tell) your brother _(bring) his English book to school. 33、 -Mr Hu _(be) in hospital since 2 days ago. -Im sorry_(hear) that. 34、 The English teacher_(ask) us_(write) these new words again. 35、 There was no time_(read) the newspaper at the time. 36、 Tom is too young_(carry) the box. 37、 Stop _(write) and_(listen) to the teacher. 38、 Its better_(give) than_(receive). 39、 Most of the students are busy_(do) their homework. 40、 Our teacher asked me_(not play) basketball. 单项选择( ) 1. The teacher told the students _ in class. A. not talk B. dont talk C. didnt talk D. not to talk( ) 2. “Mr Zhang, youd better _ too much meat. You are already over weight,” said the doctor. A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat( ) 3. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered( ) 4. My mother often asks me _ early. A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up( ) 5. “Dont always make Michael _ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear.” Mr Bush said to his wife. A. do B. to do C. does D. did( ) 6. The young lady watched her daughter _ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon. A. to play with B. playing with C. to play D. plays( ) 7. We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean and tidy. A. not to make much noiseB. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit( ) 8. The boy was too busy _ his father last term. A. to hear from B. to write to C. hearing from D. write to( ) 9. Look! How heavy the rain is! Youd better _. A. dont go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stopsD. not to leave at once( ) 10. There is no difference between the two words. I really dont know _.A. what to chooseB. which to chooseC. to choose which D. to choose what( ) 11. Excuse me. Would you please tell me _ buy a digital camera?A. what to B. where to C. what I can D. where can I( ) 12. - Bob, would you like to come to our dinner party? - _.A. Yes, I wouldB. Yes, Id love to C. No, I wouldnt D. No, I dont go( ) 13. Tracy cant play the match now. Please _ instead.A. have Lily do it B. have Lily to do itC. make Lily to do itD. let Lily to do it( ) 14. You must be very tired. Why not _ a rest?A. to stop to have B. to stop having C. stop to have D. stop having( ) 15. There is going _ an English party this evening in our school.A. to be B. to have C. having D. being( ) 16. Youd better _ a policeman at this moment.A. not to send for B. wont send forC. dont send for D. not send for( ) 17. The teacher will show him _.A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses( ) 18. My parents often tell my sister and me _ to the teachers carefully in class.A. listen B. listens C. listening D. to listen( ) 19. Remember _ your homework here tomorrow.A. to bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking( ) 20. - Lets have a rest, shall we? - Not now. I dont want to stop _ the letter yet.A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write( ) 21. The teacher warned his students _ on the thin ice.A. not skating B. no skating C. to skate D. not to skate( ) 22. - Have you got everything ready for the trip? - Yes. Theres nothing _.A. to worry aboutB. need to worry about C. to worry at all D. worrying about( ) 23. - Have you read about the pianist in the newspaper?- Yes, I have decided to go and _ this evening.A. heard his play B. hear him play C. hear him playing D. hear him to play( ) 24. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _.A. turning it off B. turn off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off( ) 25. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing( ) 26. Is _ easy to finish the design before National Day?A. this B. that C. it D. he( ) 27. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking( ) 28. Last summer I took a course on _.A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be madeC. how to be made dressesD. how dresses to be made ( ) 29. A big crowd gathered _ him _.A. to hear; speak B. hearing; speakingC. to hear; speakingD. hearing; to speak( ) 30. It _ forty-five minutes _ there by bus.A. cost; to get B. takes; getting C. takes; to get D. takes; to get to参考答案：1. to keep 2. playing 3. talking 4. climb 5. to put 6. be returned; havent finished reading 7. not to play 8. to take 9. doing 10. to empty11. was put 12. to do 13. to save 14. work 15. making 16. Put; not to catch 17. to keep; waiting 18. to get 19. to go 20. to sing 21. shopping 22. to listen; singing 23. not take 24. to give 25. to look 26. to build 27. to pay 28. to do 29. give; to eat 30. to get31. play 32. tell; to bring 33. has been; to hear 34. asked; to write 35. to read 36. to carry 37. writing; to listen 38. to give; to receive 39. doing 40. not to play1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BDBCB 11-15 BBACA16-20 DCDAC 21-25 DABCA 26-30 CAAAC