小型校园网的设计与组建实验报告.doc
小型校园网的设计与组建实验报告一实验目的计算机网络是一门实践性较强的技术，课堂教学应该和实践环节紧密结合。计算机网络实验培养学生具有独立进行计算机网络架构和设计能力，提高学生的网络设备使用水平，以及将理论与实践相结合的能力。二实验环境及设备2台路由器、2台交换机、3台PC机三实验的内容和要求根据要求，设计并搭建一个校园网。要求进行子网划分和结构设计，并将网络结构建立起来。最后完成网络设备的调试。四实验说明某大学分为总校和分校，为该校设计校园网，总校有一个局域网共20台计算机，分校由VLAN划分为两个局域网，分别有10台计算机。该校被分配了一个C类网段210.100.10.0，总校和分校各有一台路由器及一台交换机。请进行网络设计，将总校和分校各个局域网连接起来。根据要求，设计IP地址分配表，设计网络结构，画出网络拓扑图。根据设计搭建网络结构。配置网络设备，完成网络调试。提示：1）使用IP子网掩码的原理设计IP地址分配表。 2）用到的设备为两台路由器，以及两台交换机。五实验设计一、 设计思路总校局域网20台计算机，分校2个局域网各有10台计算机，若要满足要求，则至少需要5位主机位，即大小为25=32台主机的局域网。由于是C类网段，最后8计算机ID码5位用作主机号，还有3位可以用作子网号，即可以划分23-2=6个子网（000和111不可用作子网号），因此子网掩码为255.255.255.224（1111 1111.1111 1111.1111 1111.1110 0000）。而总校、分校各个局域网只需从6个子网中任选其一并且不重复即可。由此可以设计IP分配表如下二、 IP分配表用途网段网络号子网掩码子网号起始IP地址结束IP地址总校网1210.100.10.32255.255.255.224001210.100.10.33210.100.10.62路由器间2210.100.10.64255.255.255.224010210.100.10.65210.100.10.94分校网13210.100.10.96255.255.255.224011210.100.10.97210.100.10.126分校网24210.100.10.128255.255.255.224100210.100.10.129210.100.10.158三、拓扑结构六实验配置本人做主校交换机和路由器配置主校交换机配置switchA>en 14Password:switchA#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.switchA(config)#vlan 30/创建vlanswitchA(config-vlan)#exitswitchA(config)#exitswitchA#configureEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.switchA(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-20/将1-20端口划入vlan30中switchA(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 30switchA(config-if-range)#exitSwitch (config)# interface fastethernet 0/24 Switch (config-if)# switchport mode trunk ！配置trunk端口Switch (config-if)# endswitchA(config)#exitswitchA#show vlan/对switchA的配置进行验证VLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/21,Fa0/22,Fa0/23,Fa0/24, 30 VLAN0030 active Fa0/1 ,Fa0/2 ,Fa0/3 ,Fa0/4 Fa0/5 ,Fa0/6 ,Fa0/7 ,Fa0/8 Fa0/9 ,Fa0/10,Fa0/11,Fa0/12 Fa0/13,Fa0/14,Fa0/15,Fa0/16 Fa0/17,Fa0/18,Fa0/19,Fa0/20 Fa0/24switchA#Press RETURN to get started!主校路由器配置R2632>en 14Password:R2632#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632(config)#show ip interface brief/查看路由器的端口Interface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Statusserial 4/0 no address YES DOWNserial 4/1 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/0 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/1 no address YES DOWNNull 0 no address YES UPR2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.30R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.33 255.255.255.224R2632(config-subif)#exitR2632(config)#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Statusserial 4/0 no address YES DOWNserial 4/1 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/0.30 210.100.10.33/27 YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/0 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/1 no address YES DOWNNull 0 no address YES UPR2632(config)#exitR2632#Configured from console by consoleR2632#conEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632(config)#interface serial 4/0R2632(config-if)#ip adR2632(config-if)#ip address 210.100.10.65 255.255.255.224/设置交换机ip地址和子网掩码R2632(config-if)#no shutdownR2632(config-if)#endR2632#Configured from console by consoleR2632#show ip interface briefInterface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Statusserial 4/0 210.100.10.65/27 YES UPserial 4/1 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/0.30 210.100.10.33/27 YES UPFastEthernet 3/0 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/1 no address YES DOWNNull 0 no address YES UPR2632#conEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.96 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.66/写入静态路由表R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.128 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.66R2632(config)#endR2632#Configured from console by consoleR2632#show ip route/对主校路由器配置验证Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 * - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setC 210.100.10.32/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.30C 210.100.10.33/32 is local host.C 210.100.10.64/27 is directly connected, serial 4/0C 210.100.10.65/32 is local host.S 210.100.10.96/27 1/0 via 210.100.10.66S 210.100.10.128/27 1/0 via 210.100.10.66R2632#分校的交换机和路由器配置由小组另一成员完成分校交换机配置SwitchA>enable 14Password:Switcha#configure terminal !进入全局配置模式 SwitchA(config)#SwitchA(config)#vlan 10SwitchA(config-vlan)#exitSwitchA(config)#vlan 20SwitchA(config-vlan)#exitswitchA(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-10switchA(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10SwitchA(config-if)#exitSwitchA(config)#interface range fastethernet 0/11-20SwitchA(config-if-range)#switchaport access vlan 20SwitchA(config-if)#exitSwitchA(config)#interface fastethernet 0/24SwitchA(config-if)#switchaport mode trunkSwitchA(config-if)#endSwitchA#show vlan/对switchA的配置进行验证VLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/23,Fa0/2410 network2 active Fa0/1 ,Fa0/2 ,Fa0/3 ,Fa0/4 Fa0/5 ,Fa0/6 ,Fa0/7 ,Fa0/8 Fa0/9 ,Fa0/10,Fa0/2420 network3 active Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13,Fa0/14 Fa0/15,Fa0/16,Fa0/17,Fa0/18 Fa0/19,Fa0/20,Fa0/24SwitchA#Press RETURN to get started!分校路由器配置R2632>en 14Password:R2632#conEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632#conEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632(config)#interface serial 4/0R2632(config-if)#ip address 210.100.10.66 255.255.255.224R2632(config-if)#clock rate 64000R2632(config-if)#no shutdownR2632(config-if)#exitR2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0R2632(config-if)#no ip addressR2632(config-if)#no shutdownR2632(config-if)#exitR2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.10R2632(config-subif)#no ip addressR2632(config-subif)#exitR2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.10R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.97 255.255.255.224R2632(config-subif)#exitR2632(config)#interface fastEthernet 3/0.20R2632(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20R2632(config-subif)#ip address 210.100.10.129 255.255.255.224R2632(config-subif)#endR2632#Configured from console by consoleR2632#show ip interface brief/对分校路由器配置验证Interface IP-Address(Pri) OK? Statusserial 4/0 210.100.10.66/27 YES UPserial 4/1 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/0.20 210.100.10.129/27 YES UPFastEthernet 3/0.10 210.100.10.97/27 YES UPFastEthernet 3/0 no address YES DOWNFastEthernet 3/1 no address YES DOWNNull 0 no address YES UPR2632#conEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2632(config)#ip route 210.100.10.32 255.255.255.224 210.100.10.65R2632(config)#endR2632#Configured from console by consoleR2632#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 * - candidate defaultGateway of last resort is no setS 210.100.10.32/27 1/0 via 210.100.10.65C 210.100.10.64/27 is directly connected, serial 4/0C 210.100.10.66/32 is local host.C 210.100.10.96/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.10C 210.100.10.97/32 is local host.C 210.100.10.128/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet 3/0.20C 210.100.10.129/32 is local host.R2632#R2632 CON0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started七实验测试分校之间的通信：pc2 与pc3之间通信pc3Pc2主校与分校的通信：pc1与pc3之间通信pc1pc3：八思考题1）要使总校局域网能够与分校两个局域网通信，如何配置静态路由？分别为分校的两个网段配置静态路由，并且全部经过的连接分校交换机的路由器。针对本实验,具体配置为:Router1# configure terminalRouter1(config)#iproute210.100.10.96255.255.255.224210.100.10.66Router1(config)#iproute210.100.10.128255.255.255.224210.100.10.66Router1(config)#end2）如果分校两个局域网分别有20台主机，交换机快速以太网口是否够用？如不够用，则如何解决该问题？不够用，因为，交换机共有24个快速以太网口，其中一个作为trunk口，剩余23个。若接两个局域网，共20*2=40台主机，快速以太网口不够用。需要再加一个交换机或者更换一个有41个以上快速以太网口的交换机。
