2022年第三人称单数动词变化规则 .pdf

第三人称单数动词变化规则PRE-UNIT TEST 1A. 第三人称单数动词变化规则B. a/an, some 和 any 的用法C. many 和 much 的用法D. 一般过去时E. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和否定句F. 形容词与副词G. 物主代词 H. 介词I. 定语从句A. Write these sentences again. Begin each sentence with He.1. I am busy. He is busy. He is learning English. He has a new book. He lives in the country. He will see you tomorrow. He can understand you. 2. I am learning English.3. I have a new book. 4. I live in the country. 5. I shall see you tomorrow. 6. I can understand you. 7. I must write a letter. 8. I may come next week. 10.I did a lot of work yesterday. He must write a letter.He may come next week. 9. I do a lot of work every day. He does a lot of work every day. He did a lot of work yesterday. 11.I played football yesterday. 12.I bought a new coat last week. 13.I have had a letter from Tom. 14.I was busy this morning. 15.I could play football very well when I was young. 16.I always 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - try to get up early. 17.I might see you next week. 18.I always enjoy a good film. 19.I had finished my work. 20.I watch television every night. He played football yesterday. He bought a new coat last week. He has had a letter from Tom. He was busy this morning. He could play football very well when he was young. He always tries to get up early. He might see you next week. He always enjoys a good film. He had finished my work. He watches television every night. 语法小结：第三人称单数动词变化规则1. 一般现在时和一般将来时I 一般情况在词尾加-s 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的词加 -es 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的单词改y 为 i 再加 -es look teach helooksteaches study studies 以辅音字母加o 结尾的词加 -eshave be 一般将来时助动词do, go does, goeshave has is will amshall 2. 同型的情况 1)情态动词： can, must, may, could, should, might, w ould 2) 一般过去时： looked, taught, studied, did, went, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - had, was B. Write these sentences again. Put in a, some or any. 1. There are books on the desk. some 2. I drank glass of beer. a any 3. Do you want butter? 4. There aren t any people in the street. 5. Tom has just bought6. We have 7. Can I have some new car. a apple trees in our garden. bar of chocolate, please? a any 8. There isn t bread in that tin. any ink in that bottle? 9. Is there any 10.Are there eggs in that basket? 语法小结： a/an, some 和 any 的用法 1.不定冠词 a 和 an 的用法： a 和 an 是不定冠词，表示泛指，常用于可数名词的单数形式前。a 用在以辅音发音开头的单词前，e.g. a university student, a one-eyed elephant; an用在以元音发音开头的单词前，e.g. an hour, an X-ray machine 。 1)表示“ 一个 ”,意为 one I have a new book. 我有一本新书。2)表示“ 某一个 ”,意为 a certain A Mr. Wang is waiting for you. 有位姓王的先生在等你。3)表示一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting wit h. 刀是切割的工具。Mr. Smith is an engineer. 史密斯先生是工程师。4)组成词组或习语a little, a few, a lot (of), a type of, a great many, many a, as a rule, in a hurry, in a minute, in a word, in a short while, after a while, have a cold, have a try, keep an eye 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - on, all of a sudden2. 形容词 some 的用法：some 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词， 常用在肯定句中。1)用来修饰名词的单数形式，表示 “ 某一 ” 或“ 某个” She is playing chess with some boy. 她在和一个男孩下棋。2)用来修饰名词的复数形式或不可数名词，表示 “ 某些”, “若干”, “一 部分的 ”, “一些” I have some work to do this evening. 今 晚 我 有 一 些 事 要 做 。Some mushrooms are poisonous. 有些蘑菇是有毒的。3)表示 “ 好些 ”, “好几个 ”, “不少 ” He lived in London for some years. 他在伦敦住了好几年。3. 形容词 any 的用法：any 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，常用在否定、 疑问句和if 从句中。 1)表示“ 任一“, ”每一 ” He wanted a job, any sort of a job. 他需要一份工作 ,任何工作都行。2)若干，一些，一点，丝毫If there is any trouble, do let me know. 如遇到麻烦 ,务必告诉我。I haven t any money to spare. 我的钱都用光了。Are there any letters for me? 有我的信吗 ? 3)尽可能多的，所有的Send me any data you can find. 把你能找到的所有资料送来给我。C. Write these sentences again. Use many or much.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. I haven t any butter. You haven t any cigarettes. We haven t any milk. She hasn t any biscuits. They haven t any stationery. I haven t got much butter. You haven t got many cigarettes. We 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - haven t got much milk. She hasn t got many biscuits. They haven t got much stationery. 语法小结： many 和 much 的用法 many 和 much 做形容词时都表示 “ 许多 ” 的意思，但是， many 用于修饰可数名词的复数形式，而 much 用于修饰不可数名词。D. Write these sentences again. Use simple past tense. 1. He buys a new car every year. 2. She airs the room every day. 3. He often loses his pen. 4. He always listens to the news. 5. She empties this basket every day. 1. He bought a new car last year. 2. She aired it this morning. 3. He his pen this morning. lost 4. He listened to the news yesterday. 5. She emptied this basket yesterday. E. Complete these sentences. Use simple past tense.1. He bought a new car. Q: Did he buy a new car? Q: What did he buy? N: He didn t buy a new car. 3. They were here yesterday. Q: Were they here yesterday? Q: When were they here? N: They weren t here yesterday. 5. He gave you a pen. Q: Did he give you a pen? Q: What did he give you? N: He didn t give you a pen. 9. You saw that film. Q: Did you see that film? Q: When did you see that film? N: You didn t see that film. 10.He arrived at two o clock. Q: D id he arrive at two o clock? Q: When did he arrive? N: He 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - didn t arrive at two o clock. 语法小结：一般过去时1. 基本结构：主语 +动词过去式 +其他 否定形式： was/were+not; 在行为动词前加didnt, 同时还原 行为动词一般疑问句： Was/Were+ 主语 +其他？Did+主语 +do+ 其他？特殊疑问句：疑问代词 +was/were+ 主语 +其他 ? 疑问代词+did+ 主语 +动词原形 +其他 ? 2. 用法：1)表示过去发生的动作或状态eg. They went to the park yesterday. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作或状态eg. They always came to help us those days. 3. 动词变化规则1)直接加 -ed:work-worked 2)以e 结尾的单词，直接加-d:live-lived 3)以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，变y 为 i 加-ed:study-studied 4)以元音字母 +y 结尾的，直接加-ed:enjoy-enjoyed 5) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母加-ed: stop-stopped 6)不规则变化：am / is was cut are were do drink drive eat cutdid drank drove ate havehear keep know leave hadheard kept knew left saysee sell send saidsaw sold sent become became begin break began broke speak spoke 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - bringbuilt buy catch choose broughtbuilt bought caught chose feelfind feltfound losemake meet pay put lostmade met paid put standtake teach tell think stoodtook taught told thought forget forgot get give got gave comecost camecost gogrow wentgrew haverun hadran winwrite wonwrote E. Complete these sentences. Use general question, special question and negation.2. She can come tomorrow. Q: Can she come tomorrow? 6. He lives next door. Q: Does he live next Q: When can she come?N: She can t come tomorrow. 4. He 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - must leave early. door?Q: Where does he live? N: He doesn t live next Q: Must he leave early?Q: Why he must leave early? N: He needn t leave early. 8. He has found his pen. door.7. You know him well. Q: Do you know him well? Q: How well do you Q: Has he found his pen?Q: What has he found? N: He hasn t found his pen. know him?N: You don t know him well. 语法小结：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和否定句1. 情态动词：must, can/could, may/might, ought to, shall/should, will/would 1)基本结构：主语 +情态动词 +动词原型 +其他 2)否定形式： 主语+情态动词 +not+ 动词原型 +其他注意： must 的否定形式是needn t 3) 一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原型 +其他？4)特殊疑问句：疑问代词 (除 why)+ 情态动词 +主语+动词原型+其他 ? Why+ 主语 +情态动词 +动词原形 +其他? 2. 一般现在时1)基本结构： 主语+am/is/are+ 其他； 主语+动词原型 /动词第三人称单数形式 +其他 2)否定形式： 主语+am/is/are+not+其他 ? 主语+助动词do/does+not+动词原型 +其他? 3)一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are+ 主语+其他? 助动词 Do/Does+ 主语+动词原型 +其他？4)特殊疑问句：疑问代词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - +am/is/are+ 主语 +其他 ? 疑问代词+助动词 do/does+ 主语+动词原形 +其他? F. Complete these sentences. Use adverbs.1. He read the phrase 2. He worked 4. He worked lazily 3. He cut himself 5. The door opened slowly . (lazy) . (bad) . (careful) .(sudden) . (slow) badly carefully suddenly 语法小结：形容词转换副词1. 副词(adverb,简写为 adv)是一种用来修饰动词、 形容词、全 句的词，说明时间、 地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。2. 形容词转变成副词的规则：1)直接加 -ly:slow-slowly 2) 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加-ly:lazy-lazily 3)部分以不发音的 -e 结尾的，去e 加-ly:true-truly G. Write these sentences again. Use short forms.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. He will arrive tomorrow morning. She will come this evening. I shall see you the day after tomorrow. He will not believe me. We shall not remain here. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. He ll arrive She ll come I ll see you He won t believe We shan t remain语法小结：be、 助动词、情态动词的缩写形式1. 肯定形式：I am-I m, he is-he s, you are-you re, she will-she ll, I shall-I ll, it has-it s, they have-they ve 2. 否定形式：is not isn t are 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - not aren t was notwasn t were notweren t has nothasn t have not haven t will not won t would not wouldn t shall not shan t should notshouldn t do notdon t did notdidn t ought notoughtn t dare notdaren tH. Complete these sentences. Use pronouns.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. These things belong to my husband. They are . his This coat belongs to me. It is mine . These shoes belong to my wife. They are hers . These pens belong to Tom and Betty. The pens are theirs . yours This suitcase belongs to you. It is . 语法小结：物主代词1. 英语中的物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前；名词性物主代词起名词的作用。为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“ 名词性物主代词 ” 来代替 “ 形容词性物主代词+名词” 的形式。也就是说， 名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词+名词 2. 物主代词：主格名词性物主代词I weour youyour hehis his sheher 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - itits theytheir theirs 形容词性物主代词my mine ours yours hers its I. Complete these sentences. Use comparison of adjectives.1. It is cool today, but it was 2. It is wet today, but it was cooler yesterday. wetter yesterday. 3. He s late again today, but he was later yesterday. 4. This test is easy, but that one is easier . 5. This book is expensive, but that one more expensive . is larger 6. This bookcase is large, but that one is 7. That film was interesting, but the other one more interesting . was 8. Betty is pretty, but Jane is more beautiful . 10.Tom is intelligent, but Bill is is prettier . 9. Miss Green is beautiful, but Miss White . more intelligent . 语法小结：形容词和副词的比较级1. 比较级的构成: 1)一般情况下在形容词和副词后直接加-er 2) 以-e 结尾的形容词和副词加 -r 3) 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的，改 y 为 i, + -er 4) 重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个辅音字母+ -er 5) 多音节单词的比较级和名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 最高级分别在单词前加more 6)不规则变化原级 good / well bad / badly many / much 比较级better worse more littlefar old lessfarther ( 表示距离远 ) further ( 表示程度深 ) older ( 可以表示旧的、年长的，作表语，后接than) elder ( 作定语，仅仅表示兄弟姐妹间的长幼关系) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -