2022年软件过程与项目管理终稿 .pdf

判断4.A project should be developed using progressive elaboration, starting from specific details and broadening in scope as it progresses.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 713.Stakeholders needs and expectations are only important in the beginning of a project.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 1114.The same organization can have different subcultures.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 5116.External project stakeholders generally include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, and internal customers for the project.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 5219.A stakeholder management strategy is an approach to help increase the support of stakeholders throughout the project.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 9322.A milestone list is an output list associated with the Project Scope Management knowledge area.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 973.Project integration management does not include interface management.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 1311.Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1783.Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 178名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - 4.The projects size, complexity, importance, and other factors will not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 1825.Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1836.Project scope statements should include, at a minimum, a product scope description and detailed information on all project deliverables.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 1857.The scope of a project should be clear and specific from the start.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 1858.Many information technology projects also require detailed functional and design specifications for developing software, which also should be referenced in the detailed scope statement.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1859.The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 18510.The project scope statement provides the basis for planning and managing project schedules, costs, resources, and changes.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 186-18711.The project scope statement, stakeholder requirements documentation, and organizational process assets are the primary inputs for creating a WBS.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1871.Many information technology projects are failures in terms of meeting scope, time, and cost projections.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 212名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - 7.The main outputs of estimating activity resources includes the activity list and attributes, project scope statement, milestone list, and organizational process assets.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 21313.Even though the delivery of new hardware may not be in the scope of a project, you should add an external dependency to it.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 21722.A Tracking Gantt chart is based on the percentage of work completed for project tasks or the actual start and finish dates.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 2283.Any new technology or business process is untested and has inherent risks.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 2564.Quality is a lower priority than project scope, time, and cost.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 2959.Organizational policies related to quality, the particular projects scope statement and product descriptions, and related standards and regulations are all important input to the quality assurance process.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 29716.In a Pareto chart, the variables described by the histogram are ordered chronologically.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 30426.Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 36218.Status reports can take various formats depending on the stakeholders needs.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 39824.Emotional conflict, which stems from personality clashes and misunderstandings, often depresses team performance.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 40027.It is not good practice to include time for informal meetings with customers to help develop relationships and provide staff to assist in relationship management.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 401选择6.The limitations of scope, time, and cost goals are sometimes referred to as the _. a. double bind c. double constraint b. triple constraint d. double obstacle ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 812.Project _ management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project. a. human resource c. communications b. risk d. procurement ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 124.The _ focuses on different groups roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management. a. structural frame c. political frame b. human resources frame d. symbolic frameANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 475.The _ focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people. a. structural frame c. political frame b. human resources frame d. symbolic frameANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 476.The _ assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. a. political frame c. structural frame b. symbolic frame d. human resources frame名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 4722.A(n) _ is a methodology that converts an organizations value drivers, such as customer service, innovation, operational efficiency, and financial performance, to a series of defined metrics. a. payback analysis c. weighted scoring model b. balanced scorecard d. net present value analysis ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 14629.The _ section of the project management plan describes specific methodologies a project might use and explains how to document information. a. management objectives c. risk management b. project controls d. technical processes ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 15324._ is a process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them. a. Prototyping c. RAD b. JAD d. Use case modelingANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 20125. _ uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholdersthe sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so onto jointly define and design information systems. a. Prototyping c. RAD b. JAD d. Use case modelingANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 20122.A _ is a hierarchical structure that identifies the projects resources by category and type.a. work breakdown structure c. network diagram b. resource breakdown structure d. critical path analysisANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 22225._ provide(s) a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format. a. Gantt charts c. Critical chain scheduling b. Critical path analysis d. PERT analysis 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 22426._ is a network diagramming technique used to predict total project duration. a. A Gantt chart c. Critical chain scheduling b. Critical path analysis d. PERT analysis ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 22827.The critical path is the _ path through a network diagram, and it represents the _ time it takes to complete a project. a. longest; longest c. shortest; longest b. longest; shortest d. shortest; shortest ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 228-22933._ is a method of scheduling that considers limited resources when creating a project schedule and includes buffers to protect the project completion date. a. A Gantt chart c. Critical chain scheduling b. Critical path analysis d. PERT analysis ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 23334.Critical chain scheduling protects tasks on the critical chain from being delayed by using _, which consist of additional time added before tasks on the critical chain that are preceded by non-critical-path tasks. a. critical paths c. dummy activities b. feeding buffers d. fast tracking ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 23536._ use(s) probabilistic time estimatesduration estimates based on using optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates of activity durations instead of one specific or discrete duration estimate. a. Critical Path Analysis c. Critical Chain Scheduling b. Gantt charts d. PERT ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 23638.Project managers often illustrate progress with a _ showing key deliverables and activities. a. Tracking Gantt chart c. network diagram b. Gantt chart d. PERT chart ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 239名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - 39.Project managers must use discipline to control _. a. project bursts c. project critical paths b. project schedules d. project dependencies ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 23940.Project management software highlights the critical path in _ on a network diagram. a. blue c. green b. yellow d. red ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 24017.A _ provides an estimate of what a project will cost. a. budgetary estimate c. rough order of magnitude estimate b. definitive estimate d. final estimate ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 26118.A _ is done very early in a project or even before a project is officially started. a. budgetary estimate c. rough order of magnitude estimate b. definitive estimate d. final estimate ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 26119.A _ is used to allocate money into an organizations budget.a. budgetary estimate c. rough order of magnitude estimate b. definitive estimate d. final estimate ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 26120.A _ is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs. a. budgetary estimate c. rough order of magnitude estimate b. definitive estimate d. final estimate ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 26125. If the cost estimate will be the basis for contract awards and performance reporting, it should be a _ and as accurate as possible. a. budgetary estimate c. rough order of magnitude estimate b. definitive estimate d. final estimate 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 2661.Human resource management includes _ processes. a. three c. five b. four d. six ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 3432._ involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 3433.Key outputs of _ process are project staff assignments, resource calendars, and project management plan updates. a. managing the project team c. developing the project team b. acquiring the project team d. developing the human resource plan ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 3434._ involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 3435.The main outputs of _ process are team performance assessments and enterprise environmental factors update. a. managing the project team c. developing the project team b. acquiring the project team d. human resource planning ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 3436._ involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance. a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 3437._ involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - a. Developing the human resource plan c. Acquiring the project team b. Developing the project team d. Managing the project team ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 34331._ fill in for project managers in their absence and assist them as needed. a. Deputy project managers c. Assistant project managers b. Subproject managers d. Second-tier project managers ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 35240._ are a complete set of organized project records that provide an accurate history of the project. a. Project archives c. Project databases b. Project backups d. Project notes ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 409填空10.Project management _describe the key competencies that project managers must develop.ANS: knowledge areasPTS: 1 REF: 1211.Project management tools and _ assist project managers and their teams in carrying out work in all nine knowledge areas.ANS: techniquesPTS: 1 REF: 1215._ skills include effective communication, influencing the organization to get things done, leadership, motivation, negotiation, conflict management, and problem solving.ANS: SoftPTS: 1 REF: 23名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - 20. The _, an international professional society for project managers founded in 1969, has continued to attract and retain members, reporting 277,221 membersworldwide by August 31, 2008. ANS: PMI Project Management Institute Project Management Institute (PMI)PTS: 1 REF: 2917.The process of information distribution falls under the _ knowledge area.ANS: project communications project communications managementPTS: 1 REF: 1081._ involves coordinating all of the other project management knowledge areas throughout a projects life cycle.ANS: Project integration managementPTS: 1 REF: 13025._ involves identifying, evaluating, and managing changes throughout the project life cycle.ANS: Integrated change controlPTS: 1 REF: 161 20._ is the difference between planned and actual performance.ANS: VariancePTS: 1 REF: 19914.To make milestones meaningful, some people use the _ criteria to help define them.ANS: SMART名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 26 页 - - - - - - - - - PTS: 1 REF: 22618.A(n) _ determines the early start and early finish dates for each activity.ANS: forward passPTS: 1 REF: 23011._ states that when many items are produced repetitively, the unit cost of those items decreases in a regular pattern as more units are produced.ANS: Learning curve theoryPTS: 1 REF: 26012.A(n) _ is a document that describes how the organization will manage cost variances on the project.ANS: cost management planPTS: 1 REF: 26219._ has many cost management features to help you enter budgeted costs, set a baseline, enter actuals, calculate variances, and run various cost reports.ANS: Project 2007 Microsoft Project Microsoft Project 2007PTS: 1 REF: 27222.In general, _ numbers for cost and schedule variance indicate problems in those areas.ANS: negativePTS: 1 REF: 2751.The International Organization