2022年高考英语 专题12 名词性从句考纲解读及热点难点试题演练.doc

专题12 名词性从句-2014年高考英语考纲解读及热点难点试题演练名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年各地的高考试题不难发现，连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外，在同位语从句中，经常考查that的用法。除此之外，其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。1(2013·北京，31)_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich2(2013·湖南，28)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere3(2013·江西，30)_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhatever CWhichever DWherever4(2013·山东，30)It's good to know_the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat5(2013·陕西，20)It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether6(2013·天津，15)_I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhich CWhether DWhat7(2013·新课标，26)Police have found_appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat8(2013·浙江，16) The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhether9(2013·安徽，21)From space, the earth looks blue.This is _about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.Awhy Bhow Cbecause Dwhether10(2013·四川，6)_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHow CWhat DThat 考点1、考查连接词“that与 what” 【例1】 It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhat【例2】 His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.Athat Bhow Cwho Dwhat【例3】 Before the problem can be solved，it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.Awhat Bthat Cwhich Dwhy【变式探究】1_ seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.AIt BWhich CWhat DThat2Meals in Spain are quite different from _ they have in China.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhom3Believe it or not，I'm sure that is _ people call the six sense.Awhen Bwhat Cwhich Dwhy【方法总结】that用于定语从句、宾语从句，what用于宾语从句、主语从句。做题时，首先通过分析句子结构来确定是什么类型的从句；其次看从句中缺哪种成分，缺主语或宾语就考虑用代词what，who，whatever，whoever等，否则就考虑用副词。若不缺少任何句子成分就用that。考点2/查连接词“if与whether”【例4】 It doesn't matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Ahow Bwhether Cwhat Dwhy【例5】 We've offered her the job，but I don't know _ she'll accept it.Awhere Bwhat Cwhether Dwhich【例6】 The limits of a person's intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy【变式探究4It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.Awhether Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere5 At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.Awhen Bhow Cwhy Dif【变式探究只用whether不用if的情况：whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：a引导主语从句并放在句首时，用whether；b引导表语从句时，用whether；c引导宾语从句并作介词宾语时，用whether；d从句后有“or not”时，用whether；e后接动词不定式时，用whether。考点3、同位语从句【例7】I made a promise to myself _ this year，my first year in high school，would be different.Awhether Bwhat Cthat Dhow【例8】 The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dhow【例9】 Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere【变式探究6_ was known to us all that Johnson had broken his promise _ he would give each of us a small gift.AAs；which BWhat；thatCIt；that DIt；which7 When the news came _ the war broke out，he decided，to serve in the army.Asince Bwhich Cthat Dbecause8Have you noticed the problem _ he is now in low spirits？_ come?Awhere；What Bthat；HowCin which；For Dwhat；As【方法规律】连接代词that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别连接代词that引导同位语从句时，应放在某些抽象名词如news，word(消息)，idea，fact，hope，desire，thought等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，连接代词that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担当任何成分，因此that引导的同位语从句是完整的，不缺任何成分。关系代词that引导定语从句时，关系代词that一方面起引导定语从句的作用，另一方面，that在定语从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。因此，that引导的定语从句是残缺的。如：The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句，不缺任何成分)我们的足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。The news(that)we heard on the radio was not true.(定语从句，缺少宾语)我们在收音机里听到的那个消息不是真的。考点4、主语从句【例10】 It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat【例11】 _ was most important to her，she told me，was her family.AIt BThis CWhat DAs【变式探究9 It doesn't matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.Awhether Bhow Cif Dwhen10It was never clear _ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.Athat Bhow Cwhen Dwhy11_ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.AAnyone BThe one CWhoever DWho【方法规律1引导词(1)从属连词作引导词：that，whether，if。(2)连接代词作引导词：what，who，which，whatever，whoever。(3)连接副词作引导词：how，when，where，whythat在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。2有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important，natural，strange，etc.)that(should)do.It is suggested(requested，proposed，desired，etc.)that(should)do.考点4、宾语从句【例12】 As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose _ suits you best.Awhatever Bwhichever Cwhenever Dwherever【例13】 The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.Awhat Bhow Cthat Dwhy【例14】 His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.Athat Bhow Cwho Dwhat【变式探究】12The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.Awherever BhoweverCwhatever Dwhichever13We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.Awho Bwhom Cwhoever Dwhomever14 Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.Awhen Bhow Cthat Dwhether【归纳总结】1that通常不可省略的情况(1)主语从句中，that从句置于句首时；(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略；(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。2whever与no matter wh的用法区别whever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；而no matter wh只能引导让步状语从句。如：Whatever I said，he wouldn't listen to me.No matter what I said，he wouldn't listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不会听我的。(让步状语从句)He would believe whatever I said.我说什么他都信。(宾语从句)另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如：Wherever have you been？你究竟去了哪里？难点1、表语从句【例1】 I'd like to start my own businessthat's _ I'd do if I had the money.Awhy Bwhen Cwhich Dwhat【例2】 I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is _ he never finishes anything.Athat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhy【例3】 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.Awhat Bthat Cwhy Dwhether【变式探究】1I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.That's _ I don't agree.You should have a more active life.Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhat2The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhy3Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.Aas Bthat Cwhat Dwhich【拓展提高】1引导词有连词that(that不可省)，whether；代词有who，whom，what，which；副词when，where，how，why等。如：The problem is that we didn't get in touch with him.注意：当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。1After three hours'climbing，they reached _ they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of.Awhat Bwhich Cwhere Dthat2A plan has been put forward _ more graduates should go to work in the country.Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dhow3It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.Athat Bwhen Cwhat Dhow4You can't imagine _ fantastic fun online chatting is.Really？But it may cause a lot of trouble sometimes.Awhat Bhow Cwhy Dso5_ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhat；because BWhat；thatCThat；what DThat；because6It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever7I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?Awhy Bwhen Cthat Dwhere8It was a matter of _ would take the position.Awho Bwhoever Cwhom Dwhomever9_ you have seen both fighters，_ will win?ASince；do you think whoBAs；who you thinkCWhen；whoeverDSince；who do you think10China's success in mannedspacecraft travel shows _ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.Awhat Bwhich C/ Dit that- 15 -