2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionBReadingandThinking习题含解析新人教版必修第三册.docx

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATIONSectionBReadingandThinking课后篇巩固提升基础夯实.单句填空1.Babies are not born knowing the basic fact of universe. 答案the2.She (signal) a passing taxi and asked him to take her to the railway station. 答案signaled3.The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students (independent). 答案independently4.I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very (disappoint). 答案disappointed5.While (intelligence) people can often simplify the complex,a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. 答案intelligent6.Johnny broke away and ran outside,determined never (go) to another dance. 答案to go7.Our feelings of well-being at any moment are (determine) to a certain degree by genes. 答案determined8.He has improved greatly at piano playing after a years (far) study. 答案further9.Change 4 has been sent (explore) the far side of the moon. 答案to explore10.It took him a long time (acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer. 答案to acquire.短语填空(注意动词的适当形式)lead to,dock with,on board,make progress,focus on,carry on,go wrong,believe in1.The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others . 答案on board2.Mary and her sister have the family tradition of giving away plants. 答案carried on3.When you somebody,dont be in a rush to change your mind. 答案believe in4.I lost all my files today because something with my computer. 答案went wrong5.The medical community continues to in the fight against cancer. 答案make progress6.The talks will economic development of the region. 答案focus on7.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts reward. 答案lead to8.The first attempt of the spaceship to the orbital station failed. 答案dock with.一句多译1.我们的校长总是每天第一个到达学校。Our headmaster is always the first school every day.(定语从句) Our headmaster is always the first school every day.(动词不定式短语) 答案who gets to;to get to2.我弟弟决定大学毕业后当医生。My brother has to be a doctor after he graduates from university.(mind) Li Ming as a doctor after he graduates from university.(be determined to do) 答案made up his mind;was determined to work3.三个多小时后,我们成功地登上了山顶。After over three hours,we up to the top of the mountain.(manage to do) After over three hours,we up to the top of the mountain.(succeed in doing) 答案managed to climb;succeeded in climbing4.许多人到大城市去希望过好的生活。Many people go to big cities living a better life.(介词短语) Many people go to big cities a better life.(动词-ing形式作伴随状语) 答案in the hope of;hoping to live5.我们努力学习,为了在结束中学生涯后考上大学。We study hard to university after we finish middle school.(so as to) We study hard to university after we finish middle school.(so that) 答案so as to go;so that we can go素养提升.阅读理解Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde has spent much of his time seeking artistic solutions to solve our environmental problems.His past projects include “Bioluminescent(生物发光)Trees” to light streets,a “Smog-Free Tower” to clean Beijings polluted air and “Gates of Light”,which uses the headlamps of passing cars to light up the 60 floodgates of the Afsluitdijk,a major dam in the Netherlands.Now,he is hoping to use his skills to solve a pressing global problemspace junk!Scientists guess that there are over 500,000 bits of large rubbish.To deal with the problem,Roosegaarde intends to achieve his goal by educating the public about the need of the situation and coming up with possible solutions.The plan,called the Space Waste Lab,started in October 2018 with a laser(激光)show in the Netherlands.The unique outdoor artwork of LEDs used real-time tracking information to point at pieces of space junk floating at altitudes of 200 to 20,000 kilometers.The experience was designed to make the public know more about how much space junk there are.To find a solution,the designer has been thinking with experts.One of the projects being considered is “Shooting Stars”,which attempts to reintroduce the trash to the atmosphere in a controlled way.Upon reentry the waste would burn in the atmosphere like a shooting star.Roosegaarde envisages that,if successful,burning space trash could someday replace fireworks at large public events!In September 2018,the RemoveDEBRIS satellite successfully sent a net to catch a target while orbiting at an altitude of about 300 kilometers(190 miles).Sometime this year,the capsule will set free a harpoon that has been designed to remove space trash.At the end of its task,RemoveDEBRIS will let go for a sail to bring the satellite itself,and hopefully some trash,back into the atmosphere,where it will burn up.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一位荷兰设计师试图通过艺术形式有创意地解决太空垃圾问题。本文考查了学生人与自然的能力,体现了天空探索的学科素养。1.What can we infer about Daan Roosegaarde?A.He is too aggressive to put forward good plans.B.He is creative in solving environmental problems.C.He is fond of spending all of his time seeking art skills.D.He is sensitive to art reflected in environmental projects.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段“HispastprojectsincludeBioluminescent(生物发光)Treestolightstreets,aSmog-FreeTowertocleanBeijingspollutedairandGatesofLight,whichusestheheadlampsofpassingcarstolightupthefloodgatesoftheAfsluitdijk,amajordamintheNetherlands.”可知丹·罗斯加德在解决环境问题上很有创造力,故选B项。2.Why was a laser show held in October 2018?A.To confirm real-time information about space trash.B.To show the great beauty of LEDs to common people.C.To raise public awareness of the amount of space trash.D.To inspire people to consider the solution to space trash.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Theexperiencewasdesignedtomakethepublicknowmoreabouthowmuchspacejunkthereare.”可知,举办这个激光秀的目的是提高公众对太空垃圾数量的认识,故选C项。3.What does the underlined word “envisage” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Suspect.B.Demand.C.Advise.D.Imagine.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“.ifsuccessful,burningspacetrashcouldsomedayreplacefireworksatlargepublicevents!”可知,丹·罗斯加德的设想如果成功的话,焚烧太空垃圾有一天会取代大型活动中的烟火。推测画线词意为“设想、想象”,故选D项。4.What is the function of a sail?A.Bringing the satellite to atmosphere to burn.B.Keeping trash traveling along its own orbit.C.Taking the satellite away from atmosphere.D.Removing space trash out of the capsule.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Attheendofitstask,RemoveDEBRISwillletgoforasailtobringthesatelliteitself,andhopefullysometrash,backintotheatmosphere,whereitwillburnup.”可知,在任务结束时,扬帆的目的是将卫星带入到大气层中自动焚毁,故选A项。.七选五ShootingfortheStarsTereshkova flew into space on June 16,1963,on the three-day Vostok 6 mission.After 48 orbits and 71 hours,she returned to Earth,having spent more time in space than all U.S.astronauts combined to that date.1 A textile worker from a modest family,Tereshkova became interested in parachuting at a young age.2 Tereshkova and four other women were part of the first all-female cosmonaut training group in 1961,but only Tereshkova ever completed a flight. After Tereshkovas landmark mission,it would take another 20 years for the United States to send a woman into space.3Since then,a total of 57 women from nine different countries have blasted off. Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping heads for the launch site shortly before her mission to dock with a space lab on June 11.4NASA astronaut Karen Nyberg was aboard the International Space Station and China sent its second-ever female astronaut,Wang Yaping,to work on its orbiting space module.However,Tereshkova remained the only woman to complete a solo flight. In recent years,NASA has run into trouble with funding.5However,this new class of astronaut candidates suggests that NASA is looking ahead to the future of space exploration.The group includes the first female fighter pilot to become an astronaut in almost two decades,as well as a female helicopter pilot. A.Since then,many astronauts have conquered the space.B.Two women have been in orbit in recent years.C.However,her parents thought it dangerous to do so and tried to stop her.D.Currently,there are no American spacecraft that can carry humans to space.E.Sally Ride became the first female American woman to leave Earth on June 18,1983.F.It took place just two years after Yuri Gagarin achieved the first piloted spaceflight in 1961.G.Her experience in parachute jumping led to her being selected as a cosmonaut by the Russian government.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。1963年6月16日,俄罗斯宇航员捷列什科娃进入太空,成为第一位进入太空的女宇航员。1.F上文提到“1963年6月13日,Tereshkova进入太空”,F项中的“Ittookplacejusttwoyears.in1961.”和上文的1963时间正好吻合。2.G根据下文的“Tereshkova和其他四位女士是1961年全女士宇航员训练队的一部分人员”可知,上文应该是提到她被选为宇航员,所以选G项。3.E根据上文的“美国又用了20年才把女性送入太空”可知,E项与此语境相符。4.B根据下文的“NASAastronautKarenNyberg”和“WangYaping”可知,上文应该提到两位宇航员,所以选B项。5.D根据上文的“近几年美国航空航天局资金困难”可知,美国暂时没有载人航天计划,所以选D项。