2021年高中英语 Unit 1 Section 2 Learning about Language练习 新人教版选修8.doc
Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Learning about Language.单词拼写1As soon as I'd got through_(海关)I felt at home.2Her parents are both_(社会主义者)3He reported on the whole event to the_(副的)primer.4Go straight ahead and turn left at the second_(十字路口)5The possibility that she might be wrong never even o_to her.6There were over 500_(申请人)for the job.7My little_(侄子)is very naughty.8It was a_that he knew nothing about the plan.答案：1.customs2.socialists3.vice4.crossing5.occurred6.applicants7.nephew8.apparent.单句改错1All what is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad._2What the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry._3You can't imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents._4That we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather._5The child is always lying，so none of us will believe no matter what he says._答案：1.All whatWhat2.WhatThat3.were theythey were4.ThatWhether5.no matter whatwhatever.单项填空1When I got home, I found the door open. A terrible thought_ mehad anyone broken into the house?Abeat BknockedCstruck D. occurred答案：Csth.strikes sb.it strikes sb.that.sth.occurs to sb.，意思是“某人突然想到某事”。beat“打，敲”；knock“敲，打，碰击”。句意：我到家后发现门开着。我突然有一个可怕的想法：是不是有人进过这座房子？2Oh，must you? Stay a bit longer. It has been such_fun having you.Thanks. Anyway, I've got_early start tomorrow morning.Aa；an B/；theC/；an Dthe；an答案：C第一空fun是不可数名词，不用冠词，第二空start用作名词，本身也是不可数名词，但此处转化为可数名词，表示一次“启程”。不可数名词前一般不加不定冠词，但某些物质名词和抽象名词如：tea，rain，water，snow，ink，soup，coffee，surprise，pity，pleasure，delight，joy，education，history，love，courage，success，failure，comfort，beauty，knowledge等用来表示“一种”“一类”“一场”“一阵”“一番”具体的人或事等时，其前常加不定冠词。3_is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.AWhat BItCAs DWhich答案：A分析句子结构可知，_is known to us all是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用what引导。4The media today can draw public attention to _help is actually needed.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhose答案：C本题考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。句意：今天的媒体能把观众的注意力吸引到真正需要帮助的地方。5The last time we had great fun was_we were visiting the Water Park.Awhere BhowCwhen D. why答案：C考查考生对表语从句中引导词的掌握情况。由句子结构可知句子主语为“The last time”，句意为“我们最后一次痛快地玩是我们参观水上乐园的时候”。“when”与“the last time”相对应。故正确答案为C项。6What is concerning us greatly is_the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free.Athat BwhatCwhen Dwhich答案：C考查名词性从句。句意：让我们非常担心的是昨天被困在那个地区的工人们什么时间能够获得自由。根据句意可知，应用when引导表语从句。因此选C。7The designer asked_we were getting on well with the project.Ahow BwhatCif Dthat答案：C句意：设计者询问我们这项工程进展是否顺利。动词asked后的宾语从句不缺主语和宾语，故排除B；又因从句中well的存在而排除how；根据句意可知D项不正确。因此选C，if(whether)表示“是否”。8What we can learn from the story is_you mustn't blame children for the mistakes of their parents.Awhere BwhatCwhether Dthat答案：D考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，What we can learn from the story是主语从句，is是系动词，其后的部分是表语从句，表语从句成分齐全，故用that引导。9_shocks the audience in the film Back to 1942 is the great suffering the disaster brought to the people of Henan.AWhich BWhatCWho DThat答案：B句意：电影一九四二中让观众震惊的是灾难给河南人民带来的巨大痛苦。从句缺少主语，所以排除that，而which和who与句意不符，所以选what。10It made Kate's parents excited_ Kate entered the final in the tennis match.Awhat BwhetherCthat Dwhen答案：C考查名词性从句。句意：Kate进入网球决赛了，这让她的父母很兴奋。it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。.完形填空Yesterday I totally changed my views about life after a talk with one of my friends. He told me although he was in_1_， he was happy and_2_that it was because of something he saw in India.A few years ago he was_3_feeling sad and was touring India. He said right in front of his very eyes, he saw an Indian mother_4_her child's right hand with a knife. The helpless_5_in the mother's eyes and the painful scream of the_6_fouryearold child still remained in his mind.The _7_mother made the child disabled_8_he could go out on the streets to beg._9_by the scene，he dropped a small piece of bread he was eating. And almost at once, several children_10_around his small piece of bread covered with sand，_11_bits from one another. It was the_12_reaction of hunger. He then went to the nearest bakery and bought every single loaf of bread._13_he gave out the bread to the children (mostly disabled), he_14_cheers and bows from these_15_children. For the first time in his life, he understood_16_people could give up their _17_for a loaf of bread. He came to_18_how fortunate he was to be able to have a sound body, have a job，have a family, have the chance to _19_about food that didn't taste good, and have the many things that these people in front of him_20_dreamed of having. Perhaps life wasn't bad at all.文章大意：当你目睹了别人的不幸时，你就会体会到自己是多么的幸运。1A.love B. funCdebt D. work答案：C由作者的朋友后文中对印度挨饿的孩子的描述可知，尽管他日前的状况不是太好，但也是快乐的。in debt“负债”。in love“恋爱中”；in fun“开玩笑”；in work“有工作；在完成之中”。根据句意选C。2A.explained BrecalledCmentioned Dinsisted答案：A朋友说明了尽管负债但很快乐的原因。explain“解释；说明”。recall“回忆；回想”；mention“提及；说起”；insist“坚持；强调”。3A.certainly BreallyCseriously Dhardly答案：B他实在是太伤感，于是到印度旅行。4A.took off Bheld upCbrought down Dcut off答案：D为了把孩子变成残疾而切断孩子的右手。cut off“切断；断绝”；take off“拿掉；脱衣；起飞”；hold up“举起；支撑；阻挡；拦截”；bring down“打倒；击落”。5A.expression BdespairCimpression Danger答案：Aexpression“表情”。despair“绝望；失望”；impression“印象；感想”；anger“生气；愤怒”。根据句意应选expression。6A.naughty BtiresomeCinnocent Dfoolish答案：C母亲为了孩子今后的生存砍掉了孩子的右手，但是孩子却是无辜的。7A.strict BupsetCdesperate Dcrazy答案：C母亲之所以忍心砍掉自己孩子的右手，主要是因为对生活感到绝望。 8A.unless Bso thatCin case Dbecause答案：B此处so that表示目的。母亲使孩子变残疾的目的是让他能够到大街上乞讨。9A.Puzzled BAttractedCInspired DShocked答案：D从后面he dropped a small piece of bread he was eating来看，“我”的朋友当时很震惊。10A.gathered BlookedCsat Dturned答案：Agather around“围拢或聚集在周围”。look around“环视；朝四周看”；sit around“坐在周围”；turn around“回转；转向；使向好的方向发展”。根据句意选A。11A.sharing BtakingCoffering Dgiving答案：B孩子围拢在面包周围的目的是争抢面包片。 take“取；抓；获得”。12A.mental BphysicalCnatural Demotional答案：C孩子的举动是饥饿的一种自然反应。13A.Since BUntilCIf DAs答案：D此处as表示“当时候”，引导时间状语从句。14A.received BacceptedCheard Drefused答案：A当他把买来的面包分发给饥饿的孩子们的时候，受到孩子们的欢呼和鞠躬致敬。accept表示主观上愿意接受，不合文意。15A.polite B. fortunateChungry D. exciting答案：C根据文章内容，应是饥饿的孩子们。16A.whom BwhatChow Dwhen答案：Chow引导宾语从句，说明方式。17A.honor BworkCeffort Ddignity答案：D他生平第一次明白了人们是如何为了一片面包而放弃尊严的。dignity“尊严”。18A.think BrealizeCunderstand Dconclude答案：B他开始意识到拥有健全的身体、工作、家庭是多么幸运。19A.complain BcommentCargue Ddecide答案：A从后面food that didn't taste good可以推知此处是指抱怨食物不好吃，故选complain。20A.even BeverCnever Dhardly答案：C作者的朋友意识到他所拥有的东西，面前的这些人从来都没有梦想过。.阅读理解Electric cars are dirty. In fact，not only are they dirty, they might even be dirtier than their gasolinepowered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zeroemissions(排放)vehicles”， but people in California seem to be_clueless_about where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators (发电机). Generators are fueled by somethingusually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热)plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words，those “zeroemissions” cars are likely coal burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes“If I can't see it，it's not happening. ”Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle；a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas(or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity，you waste a nice part of that energy，mostly in the form of wasted heatat the generator，through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far, so electric cars burn more fuel than gasolinepowered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar，then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated，but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.文章大意：很多人都认为电动汽车是非常环保的，加州人甚至普遍认为电动汽车是“零排放汽车”。事实确实如此吗？让我们读一读文章，从中寻找答案吧。1What's the main idea of the passage?AElectric cars aren't actually clean.BElectric cars are zeroemissions vehicles.CZeroemissions vehicles are popular.DGasolinepowered cars are more efficient.答案：A主旨大意题。文章的首段就点明了主题，即电动汽车并非清洁、无污染，因为电能的产生很多时候也要消耗大量的能源，造成十分严重的污染，故答案为A项。2Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2?Abe familiar with Bbe curious aboutCfail to understand Dshow their interest in答案：C词义猜测题。联系第二段内容可知，加州人之所以认为电动汽车是零排放的环保车，主要是因为他们没有理解或者忽视了电是从哪儿来的这个事实。故选“fail to understand”，表示“没有理解”。3The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run_.Aat least 25 miles Bmore than 25 milesCas far as 25 miles Dless than 25 miles答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far”可知答案为D项。4In the author's opinion，compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more_.Aenvironmentally friendly BexpensiveCefficient Dharmful答案：D推理判断题。综合全文尤其是第三段第五句和最后一段前两句可知，作者认为电动汽车比普通汽车造成的污染更为严重，对环境的破坏也更大。所以选择harmful“有害的”。5It can be inferred from the passage that_.Aelectric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long timeBnow electric cars are used more than their gasolinepowered cousinsCzeroemissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentDelectric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句和第四段的第三句可知，获取电能如果是靠太阳能、地热或者风力等方式发电的话，电动汽车算是环保的，但是它们实际上现在主要还是靠烧煤、油等来发电，所以靠烧煤、油等发电的电动汽车并非真正意义上的环保车。8
