2009届高中英语虚拟语气语法公开课课件必修五ppt.ppt

1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（见课本P 87页）。2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。条件从句If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式虚拟现在虚拟过去虚拟未来were / V-ed had + p.p.would/could/should/might +V.（原）would/could/should/might + have + p.p.1.were / V-ed2.should+V(原)3. were to + V.(原)would/could/should/might +V.(原)1.If I had a million dollars, I would buy enough houses for homeless.2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If you had come earlier, you might have caught the train.5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If the sun were to rise in the west , I would marry him.二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.Wish 的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were / V-ed）过去完成时 （ had + p.p.）would/could/might+V. should1.I wish I were a bird.（现在）（现在）2.I wish I had been in Hong Kong last year.（过去）（过去）3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （未来）（未来）2. Would rather that现在：过去：未来：1. I would rather you paid me now. （现在）（现在）2. I would rather you had gone, too. （过去）（过去）3. Dont come today. I would rather you came tomorrow. （未来）（未来）过去时过去时过去完成时3. as if /though + Clause 现在：过去：过去时过去完成时He looked excited as if / though he had got a first place in the exam.They talked as if / though they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if / though it were summer.He speaks as if / though he were a headmaster.4.Its (about/high) time +that -should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5.表示坚持，命令，建议，要求的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1）insist 2）order, command 3）advise, suggest, propose4） demand , require, request, desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。翻译练习：翻译练习：1.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We suggested that Tom have a rest.2.He insisted that I (should )be present.3.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.4.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, plan, request, desiredemand, plan, request, desire等。等。Its suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.6.without和和but for 构成含蓄虚拟条件句。构成含蓄虚拟条件句。Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. （ but for要不是）要不是） Without your help, I would have failed.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.7. If only 要是就好了要是就好了 If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!8. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.9. 某些简单句的固定句型：某些简单句的固定句型： Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China! May you have a long and happy life!三：三： 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。假设的时间而顶。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把三个助动词可以把if省略，并将省略，并将这三个词提至句首。这三个词提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.= Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.= Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.= Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do?= Should there be a flood, what should we do?If I had not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.= Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.Task: Discussion 1.Helen has been living with AIDS for many years. Now she is celebrating her birthday with her friends. If you were Helen, what kind of wishes would you make? 2. It is said that a falling star can let your dreams come true. If you saw a falling star, what kind of wishes would you make? 3. Besides a falling star, a magic lamp can also let your dreams come true. If you had a magic lamp, what would you ask it to do for you?Consolidation: Choose the best answers.1How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! Ahas B. had Cwill have Dhas had 2. We _ into trouble _ your help. A. would have got, but for B. wouldnt have got, thanks to C. would have got, if only D. mustnt get, without 3. She was so upset that she burst into tears. Id rather you _ her all about it. A. didnt tell B. hadnt told C. dont tell D. wont tell 4. When a stick is partly in a bottle of water, it looks as if it _ . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken BABC5. If it _ for the rain, we _ for an outing yesterday. A. were not, could not have gone B. were not, could go C. had not been, could have gone D. had not been, could go 6. Without his help, we _ such rapid progress. A. dont makeB. would not make C. didnt make D. would not have made7. If only I _ to my parents advice!A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 8. _ you succeed and _ you be happy! A. May, may B. Wish, wish C. Hope, hope D. Should, may CDDAHomework:Do Ex.4 on Page 13, write down on the exercise books for homework.