2020年江苏中考英语阅读类题型专题01 完形填空专项突破-2020年江苏中考英语阅读类题型专项突破（解析版）.doc

完形填空专项突破l 知识点：完形填空的概述和基本要求初中完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，在中考英语中所占比重非常大。所占地位比较重要。它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。 它首先要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，具备能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力，它还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查了使用语言的准确性。l 知识点：解题步骤1).跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。 2).结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。 3). 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。 4). 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。 l 例题完形填空的常见考点完形填空主要考查实词，包括动词、名词、形容词和副词，虚词考查为辅。归纳起来主要包括以下几个方面的内容。1） 常考词汇辨析 例1：Chinese is also difficult for me，but we shouldnt .A. give up B. turn down C. go over【解析】：首先确认but这个关键词，在句中是个转折关系的语篇标志语。再根据短语辨析，A项表示放弃；B项表示拒绝；C项表示复习。【答案】：A 例2：Later I asked, “Why did you dial the number twice?” She smiled,“My parents are old. They cant get close to the telephone .” A. lonely B. Slowly C. quietly D. quickly【解析】：从上文信息可知“我父母年纪大了”推断出父母行动迟缓。因此，他们无法迅速过来接听电话。【答案】：D例3：To stop someone from stealing the trees, I _ them up six days ago. I have hidden ( 藏) them for almost a week!”A. picked B. pushed C. pulled D. put【解析】：up在这里与pull搭配，表示“拔起来”，就可以迅速选。来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K【答案】：C例4：A year later, Hongs mother home. She no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husband. So everything hard fell onto the young boys shoulders.A. left B. arrived C. went D. came【解析】：本题考查的动词词义辨析。根据下文She no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husband. 可知妈妈是离家出走了。因此【答案】应该选A。【答案】：A批注：完形填空题最大的特点就是联系上下文，尤其是在词汇及短语辨析中。上下文语境及内在联系是确定最佳选项的前提。整体把握文章，不要孤立地看每一段或某一句，要瞻前顾后。2） 固定搭配例1："Well." said Mr. Black. "Near" my house there is a big stone. When l was a young man, I used _ to move it. but l couldnt because l was not strong enough.A. trying B. try C. to try D. to trying【解析】：考查固定搭配used to do sth过去常常做某事【答案】：C例2：A small store sold a lot of jewels and the owner was always careful to prevent people _ stealing them.A. for B. off C. form D. from 【解析】：考查固定短语，prevent (stop, keep).from doing .，意思是“阻止.做某事”。【答案】：D例3：Last year, Anne won an award for her reporting in Africa. She was very proud it. A. to B. of C. for D. From【解析】：考查固定短语be proud of 为。感到自豪【答案】：B批注：词的惯用法与固定搭配是完形填空题考查的热点和难点。答题时要多从习惯用语和固定搭配的角度去考虑问题，学生平时要多读、多练、多背、多积累相关知识。3) 句意关系例1： After he flew back, he told the Prince what he had done. "Its strange," he added, "Its so cold but I feel quite warm now. " "Thats you have done a good thing," said the Prince. The little swallow began to think about this, and then he fell asleep.A. because B. though C. if D. whether【解析】：本题考查连词的选择，主要从上下段落的关系判断。明显，上下句存在因果关系。因此选A.【答案】：A例2：Lang Lang is a world-class young pianist who grew up in Shenyang. He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. "You need fortune (运气)," his father said. "But you work hard, no fortune will come."A. if B. unless C. when D. Since【解析】：本题考查的是上下文关系。由“但是_你努力工作，没有运气会来临”。可知缺少的是条件关系，且含有否定含义，可确定【答案】选B。【答案】：B近三年九年级上期末完形填空汇编年份/区域主题文章类型2017-2018玄武Tennis world on Lis retirement说明文2017-2018鼓楼Protecting wild animals and environment议论文2016-2017玄武Teachers help记叙文2016-2017鼓楼Attitudes is everything记叙文2015-2016玄武Bright ideas记叙文2015-2016鼓楼Will you forgive me?记叙文【2017-2018学年南京市玄武区九年级上学期期末】Tennis world on Lis retirement（退役） For close to fifteen years, weve been a part of each others lives. _16_a tennis player, Ive trekked（拼搏） around the world playing hundreds of matches on the WTA tour, for Chinas Fed Cup team, at the National Games and at several Olympic Games. Youve always been there for me, _17_me, cheering me on, and encouraging me.I must thank_18_who has travelled on my journey with me. And those that stay with me through the_19_and the lows and have helped me become the person _20_ I am today. -Li Na Chinas first and only Grand Slam winner Li Nas _21_to retire has drawn more than 10 million views on Internet in just a few hours. The breaking news left her fans surprised and sad. She is a pioneer who opened doors to tennis for millions of people all over China and Asia. -WTA Chairman & CEO Stacey Allaster I will_22_remember great memories of us. Wish you the best for a new chapter in your life. - Victoria Azarenka: four time Grand Slam winner and former world No.1 A truly respected person, I wish Li Na much happiness and health in her next chapters of life. - Maria Sharapova, five time Grand Slam winner and former world No. 1 If she retires, it will be a_23_for both Chinese tennis and tennis sport in Asia. No one can top her _24_in Asia. - Zheng Jie, Chinas Grand Slam doubles winner We should thank Li Na. _25_her, no one would have cared about tennis and the Chinese players. - Zheng Saisai, Chinese tennis player who is in Incheon.16. A. ToB. AsC. WithD. For17. A. likingB. tellingC. supportingD. staying18. A. allB. someoneC. no oneD. everyone19. A. highsB. weightsC. lengthD. shorts20. A. what B. who C. which D. when21. A. resultB. decisionC. chanceD. dream22. A. seldomB. sometimesC. alwaysD. never23. A. lossB. changeC. sadnessD. surprise24. A. matches B. tennis C. achievements D. happiness25. A. WithB. ForC. WithoutD. In【答案】BCDAB BCACC17. 语境理解及动词为本题主要考查点。A. Liking喜欢；B. telling 告诉；C. supporting支持；D. Staying待在。根据语境可知你一直和我们待在一起，支持我们；在为我欢呼，鼓励我们。故选C。18. 语境理解及不定代词为本题主要考查点。A. anyone 任何人；B. someone某人；C. no one 没有人；D. everyone每个人；根据句意：我必须谢谢在我旅程中陪伴我们的每一个人 。结合语境故选D。19. 语境理解及名词为本题主要考查点。A. Highs高度；B. Weights重量；C. length 长度；D. Shorts短；根据句意：和我在一起的人们，无论是高的还是低的，已经帮我变成了今天的我。根据后面的lows可知这里选与它对应的单词，故选A。20. 语法判断为本题主要考查点。根据空前的the person可知代替人，故选B。21. 语境理解及名词为本题主要考查点。A. Result结果；B. Decision决定；C. chance 机会；D. Dream梦想。根据语境可知李娜退役后在几个小时内在网上引起1000万多人的关注。故选B。22. 语境理解及副词为本题主要考查点。 A. Seldom很少；B. Sometimes有时；C. always 总是；D. Never绝不，从不；根据句意：我将永远记住我们的回忆。故选C。学科网23. 语境理解及名词为本题主要考查点。A. loss 丢失；B. Change改变；C. Sadness悲伤；D. Surprise吃惊；可知此处指的是，如果李娜退役了，将对于在中国和亚洲网球运动是一种损失；结合语境可知选A。24. 语境理解及名词为本题主要考查点。句意为：没有人可以超过她的成就。25. 语境理解及介词为本题主要考查点。A. With伴随；B. For为了；C. Without没有；D. In在里面；可知此处指的是，我们应该谢谢李娜。没有她，没有人会关注网球和中国的网球运动员 。结合语境。故选C。考点：考查人物类短文【2017-2018学年南京市鼓楼区九年级上学期期末】Many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction(灭绝), because the environment that they are living in has 36 greatly. For example, with the development of cities, the using of insecticide and serious pollution, their living areas have become 37 . Many of the wild animals are lack of food. People hunt wild animals in large areas. Tigers are hunted for fur or bones 38 they can only live in the nature reserves 39 living in the wild. Some grassland is destroyed so that the sandstorms come into being influencing distant cities, 40 cities in northern China or north-western China.Luckily, human beings have realized the 41 of protecting wild animals and environment and have taken some practical actions. Dont 42 trees, dont abuse agrochemical or insecticide. We should protect headwaters and air which help protect habitat（栖息地）. Some organizations raise money for animals and 43 leaflets in the street to call on more people to focus on the environment and wild animals. The 44 has made some laws to prevent people from hunting wild animals and shut down some factories which do harm to the environment. We believe the number of some endangered wild animals will 45 in the near future. Animals are important to our life and we should protect them. 36. A. changedB. improvedC. donated D. devoted37. A. more and moreB. less and lessC. better and betterD. smaller and smaller38. A. in order toB. enough to C. so that D. such that39. A. because ofB. instead ofC. insteadD. without40. A. especially B. generally C. continuouslyD. specially41. A.importance B. disadvantage C. advantage D. adventure42. A. cut off B. cut down C. cut in D. cut up43. A. give off B.give up C. give out D. give in 44. A. public B. organizations C. government D. schools45. A. grow B. disappear C. lose D. reduce【答案】ADCBA ABCCA来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K【解析】可知，它们的生存区域正变得越来越小18. in order to意为“为了”，后接动词原形，表目的； enough to意为“足够”，后接动词原形； so that意为“结果”，引导结果状语从句；such that意为“如此以至于”，such后需加名词短语19. because of意为“因为”； instead of意为“代替”，常放句中； instead意为“代替”，常放句末； without意为“无，没有”。联系上下文可知，许多野生动物在自然保护区生存而不是生存在野外。20. especially意为“特别，尤其”，符合句意。generally意为“普遍地”； continuously意为“连续不断地”； specially意为“专门地，特别地”。generally意为“普遍地”； continuously意为“连续不断地”； specially意为“专门地，特别地”。来源:学科网21. importance意为“重要性”，符合文意。disadvantage意为“劣势”； advantage意为“优势”；adventure意为“冒险”。22. cut off意为“切断”； cut down意为“砍伐，砍倒”； cut in意为“插嘴”； cut up意为“切碎”。根据 trees推知用 cut down。23. give off意为“发出（光等）”； give up意为“放弃”； give out意为“分发”； give in意为“投降”。根椐 leaflets意为“传单”推知用 give out。学科！网24. public意为“公众”； organization意为“组织”； government意为“政府”； school意为“学校”。句意：政府已经制订一些法律来阻止人们捕猎野生动物并且关闭一些对环境造成损害的工厂。25. grow意为“增长”； disappear意为“消失”；lose意为“失去”； reduce意为“减少”。句意：我们相信在不久的将来一些濒危野生动物的数量将会增长。【2016-2017学年南京市玄武区九年级上学期期末】I was said to be the worst student in my class, and my family thought I was hopeless. I had to _16_ grade six. At that time a new teacher, Miss Sadia, came to our school.One day after class, she noticed that I was staying alone during the lunch break. She came to to me and began to talk to me. After that day, she gave me particular_17_and it made me feel special. Months later, she moved into a house near my home. We would walk home together after school. Her constant support helped me, _18_in my studies, as I knew she would check my grades both in her subject and the other subjects. I finally _19_second in my class.Then, after Grade Six, she started to slowly drift away（疏远）, _20_still kept a constant check on me. By the time I was in Grade Seven, we_21_spoke, but by then I had become the best in my class. When I left my school, I was out of touch with her, as she never answered the phone when I called her.Then I graduated and went to a good university. One fine day, our paths crossed again. I met her at a wedding. I could not _22_asking her, "Why did you stop talking to me?" "You are a clever boy. I wanted you to be a tree standing on your _23_ roots, not depending on others. Now here you are and I feel_24_of you. You are your inspiration(灵感，鼓舞)and do not need to _25_ a shoulder," she said. I could not say anything, but I smiled. Ill always thank her.16. A. jump B. attend C. copy D. repeat17. A. feeling B. attention C. stress D. role18. A. actually B. special C. especially D. exactly19. A. receivedB. came C. caught D. held20. A. but B. as C. or D. so21. A. ever B. often C. once D. hardly22. A. finish B. help C. prevent D. keep23. A. own B. teachers C. parents D. classmates来源:Zxxk.Com24. A. sad B. proud C. good D. pleasant25. A. give up B. get on C. look for D. take up【答案】DBCBA DBABC【解析】18. 考查形容词、副词的用法及语境的理解。A. actually事实上地；B. special特别的；C. especially特别、尤其；D. exactly精确的。句意：尤其是在学业上。19. 考查动词的用法及语境的理解。A. received收到；B. came来；C. caught抓住 D. held。握住句意：我终于在我的班上第二。意思是成为了第二名，故选B 。 20. 考查连词的用法及语境的理解。句意：然后，在六年级时，她开始慢慢疏远我了，但是仍然对我保持一个持续的检查。表示转折的连词，故选A。21. 考查副词的用法及语境的理解。A. ever曾经；B. often 经常；C. once以前；D. hardly几乎不。句意：我在7年级的时候，我们几乎没有说话。根据句意，故选D。22. 考查动词短语的用法及语境的理解。couldnt help固定用法，忍不住的意思，句意：我忍不住问她：“你为什么不跟我说话呢？”，故选B 。23. 考查动词的用法及语境的理解。A. own自己的；B. teachers老师的；C. parents父母的；D. classmates同学的。句意：我希望你能够长成大树，依靠自己的根。24. 考查形容词的用法及语境的理解。A. sad悲伤；B. proud骄傲；C. good好；D. pity怜悯的。句意：现在你在这里，我为你感到骄傲。根据句意，故选B。学科#网25. 考查形容词的用法及语境的理解。A. give up放弃；B. get on继续；C. look for 寻找；D. take up占用，需要。句意：你是自己启发灵感的人，不需要找个肩膀。根据句意，故选C。【2016-2017学年南京市鼓楼区九年级上学期期末】Attitude（态度）is everything Here is a story about Mrs. Jones, an 82-year-old lady. _36_ her life was hard, she was always nicely dressed every day. This morning Mrs. Jones was moving to the nursing home （养老院）. The nursing home was very _37_. After hours of waiting, Mrs. Jones still smiled sweetly when she was told that her room was ready. _38_ the way to her room. I told her what the room was like. Suddenly she said, “I love _39_!” “But Mrs. Jones, you havent seen the room yet!” I was surprised at her reply. She stopped and said, “_40_ I like my room or not doesnt depend on （取决于）how the furniture is placed. It depends on how I decide to _41_ the room. I have already decided to love the room before I actually see it.” Then she continued, “I have a _42_. I can spend the day in bed and consider how tiny my room is. Or I can just get out of bed and be thankful that I can _43_ enjoy a new day. Each day is a _44_, Ill enjoy my life and all the happy memories that I have stored in my bank account （帐户）before.” Life is like a bank account. You can take out what youve put in. If you have put a lot of _45_ in your bank account, you can take out some of it when you feel sad.36. A. When B. Since C. Although D. If37. A. busyB. beautiful C. old D. small来源:学科网ZXXK38. A. On B. In C. By D. Through39. A. them B. her C. you D. it40. A. If B. Weather C. Whether D. That41. A. take up B. think about C. tidy up D. ask for42. A. fever B. tourC. choice D. suggestion43. A. also B. still C. ever D. only44. A. gift B. mess C. lesson D. journey45. A. love B. courageC. kindness D. happiness【答案】CAADC BCBAD【解析】40. C。考查连词，根据句意：我是否喜欢这个房间取决于家具放置的位置。故选C。41. B。考查动词辨析，take up“占据”，think about“考虑”，tidy up“收拾干净”，ask for“寻求”。文中语境意为：依据我对这个房间的想法。故选B。42. C。考查名词，根据句意：我有个选择，故本题选择C项。43.