2022年高中反义疑问句讲解精讲精析 .pdf

教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 1 第十四讲反义疑问句一、 考点、热点回顾1. 反意疑问句的概念反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句，指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问疑问，用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问句部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，附加部分用肯定式(前肯后否或前否后肯)。如：Hes late, isnt he? 他迟到了，不是吗?He isnt late, is he? 他没有迟到，不是吗?反意疑问句的附加部分不管是肯定的，还是否定的，通常都可译为“ 是吗 ”“对吗 ”“是不是 ”“对不对”“不是吗 ”“不对吗 ” 等。2. 反意疑问句的缩写问题当反意疑问句的附加部分为否定式时，习惯上只用缩写形式，不能分开来写。如：正： You love him very much, don t you? 你很爱他，对不对？误： You love him very much, do not you? 你很爱他，对不对？3. 反意疑问句的主语问题反意疑问句部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一致，且只能是代词，不能是名词。如：误： Jim likes English very much, doesn t Jim?正： Jim likes English very much, doesn t he? 吉姆很喜欢英语，对吗？4.反义疑问句疑问句部分动词的使用疑问句部分动词的使用要根据陈述句而定. Be 动词1. You are an actor, _? 2. She is going to visit me, _? 3. It wasnt fine yesterday, _? 行为动词：1. It often rains here, _? 2. You have a headache, _? 3. I called you yesterday, _? 4. It doesnt rain here, _ ? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 2 5.You didn t call me yesterday, _? 助动词 /情态动词：1. You will go to America, _? 2. We have ever been to Shanghai, _? 3. He hasn t done his homework, _? 4. You should try your best, _? 5.反义疑问句的回答问题不管前句是肯定的还是否定的, 回答时内容是肯定的 , 就用 yes; 反之, 则用 no It didnt rain last week, _ it?上周没下雨吧 ? 是的, 没下雨。 No, it didnt. 不, 下雨了。 Yes, it did. It will rain tomorrow, _ it? 是的, 会下雨。 Yes, it will. 不，不会下雨。 No, it wont. 6.特殊形式（1）当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用 they, 也可用 he。如：Somebody phoned while I was out, _? Everyone enjoyed the party, _? Nobody wants to go there, does he? （2）当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something 时，附加 疑问句中的主语 一般用 it，不用 they。如：Everything seems all right now, _? Nothing is kept in good order, _? （3.）当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或 these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语 分别用 it 和 they。如：This is important, _? That isnt correct, _? These are your friends Tom and Jack, _? （4）.陈述部分有 have to +动词原形 (has to / had to + v.) ，疑问部分 常用 dont +主语（doesn,t + 主语或 didnt +主语）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, _? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 3 She has to do her homework, _?（5）.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用 you,在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。如：One cant be too careful, _? One should do his duty, _? （6）如果陈述部分用I m 结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren t I。如：I am strong and healthy arent I？I m late again, _?I m not the only one to come, _?（7）当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如：Theres no help for it, _? Theres something wrong, _? （8）陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing 等否定词或半否定词时， 附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：Bob rarely got drunk, _? Few people know him, _? She seldom goes to the cinema, _? 如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如：He was unsuccessful, _? Tom dislikes the book, _? It is impossible, _? （9）当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词 保持对应关系。如：She says that I did it, _? I told them not everybody could do it , _? 但当陈述部分的主语是I/we，谓语是 think, believe, suppose, expect 这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与 从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。I suppose that hes serious, _? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 4 I don t think she cares, _? （10）当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如：Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he? （11）在由“ 祈使句 +附加疑问 ” 构成的附加疑问句中， 附加疑问部分一般用will you, wont you。如：Dont open the door, will you? Give me some cigarettes, will you? Take a rest, will you? 但是，以 let s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以 let us开头的祈使句，疑问部分用 will you。如：Let s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we? Let us go out for a rest, will you? (12)当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“ 必须” 时，疑问部分用 mustnt。如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you? I must answer the letter, mustnt I? 但若表推测这层含义时， 不能用 must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构（即 must 之后的动词）以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如：You must have made a mistake, havent you? They must have seen the film last week, didnt they? He must be in the library, isnt he? (13)当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usednt或 didnt。如：The old man used to smoke, didnt he?或 usednt he? Tom used to live here, usednt he?或 didn t he? (14).当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用 oughtnt或 shouldnt。如：He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he?We ought to read this book, oughtnt we?或 shouldn t we? (15)当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用had。如：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 5 (16). 陈述部分有 would rather +动词原形，附加疑问部分多用wouldnt +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?(17). 陈述部分有 Youd like to +动词原形，附加疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?(18)感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be 的现在时，且常用否定形式。如：What a clever boy, isnt he? What a lovely day, isnt it? (19)陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用 it。如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it? Between six and seven will suit you, wont it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it? (20)陈述句中的谓语动词是wish，表示愿望时用 may，且用肯定形式。如：I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I? (21)当陈述部分带有表示 “ 所有” 含义的动词 have （has ）时，疑问部分既可用 have形式，也可用 do 形式。如：You have a new bike, havent you（或 dont you ）? She doesn t have any money in her pocket, does she? （22). 带情态动词 dare或 need的反意疑问句，附加疑问部分常用need (dare ) + 主语。We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当 dare, need 为实义动词时，附加疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 二典型例题反义疑问句1.It s very hot today, _ ? 2. He can speak Chinese, _ ? 3. Meimei studies in a middle school, _ ? 4. He never gets up late , _ ? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 6 5. Don t go out at night, _ ? 6.He never loves cold weather , _ ? 7. You finished the task yesterday, _ ? 8.It _ a good day for swimming, is it? 9.Tom has been to Singapore , _ ? 10.The story is little interesting, _ ? 单项选择1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasn t she 2. There s hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there? A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A. does he B. has he C. hasn t he D. doesn t he 4. He seldom came here, _? Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesn t he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ ? A. does it B. don t they C. won t it D. doesn t it 7. One can t be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ ? A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didn t he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. aren t we C. are we D. amnt I 11. He can t be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. can t 12. They have no time to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. haven t they C. don t they D. will they 14. You d better go at once, _ you? A. hadnt B. did C. didn t D. don t 15. You d rather work than play, _ you? A. hadn t B. wouldn t C. didn t D. mustn t 三课后练习1. I dont think that the necklace is made of diamond, _?A. do I B. do you C. isn t it D. is it 2. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned, _? A. hadn t B. had C. didn t she D. did she 3.Its my son s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,_?A. haven t I B. dont I C. don t he D. isnt it4.Harry wouldn t become a teacher if it hadnt been for the holiday, _?A. would he B. had it C. would it D. had he 5. No one left here yesterday,_? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 教师寄语： Roman wasn t built one day. (冰冻三尺非一日之寒。) 7 A. didn t they B. did they C. didnt one D. did one6. Birds rarely build nests in our garden,_? A. don t they B. do they C. didnt they D. did they7. You must have been to the Great Wall,_? A. mustn t you B. havent you C. arent you D. must you8. learning how to repair motors takes a long time,_? A. doesnt it B. dont they C. does it D. do they 9.They must have stayed at home last night,_? A. mustn t they B. havent they C. didnt they D. must they10.Let us go to play football, _? A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 11.Lets start out early tomorrow morning,_?A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. can t you12.There s not much news in todays newspaper,_?A. isn t it B. is it C. isnt there D. is there 13.They need our help badly at the moment,_? A. needn t they B. need they C. dont they D. do they 14.She is unfit for the position,_? A. is she B. isn t she C. doesnt she D. does she 15.I wish to visit America,_? A. don t I B. can I C. may I D. may you 16.She s been a worker here for many years,_? A. isn t she B. is she C. hasn t she D. has she 17.What beautiful flowers,_? A. aren t they B. are they C. isnt it D. is it18.Mother used to live in a poor village,_? A. used she B. usednt she C. didnt he D. did he 19.You d better go at once,_?A. wouldn t you B. had you C. hadnt you D. should you 20.I am very interested in Mark Twains novels,_?A. aren t I B. am not I C. aren t you D. are you Keys:1-5 DCBAB6-10 BBACD 11-15 ADABC16-20 CABCA 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -