2022年高中化学化学方程式总汇 .pdf

有机化学方程式（选修五）烷烃（甲烷为例）1CH4Cl2 CH3ClHCl . 2CnH2n+2 (3n1)/2O2 nCO2(n1)H2O 烯烃（乙烯为例）1CH2=CH2Br2CH2BrCH2Br 2CH2=CH2H2O CH3CH2OH 3CH2=CH2HCl CH3CH2Cl 4CH2=CH2H2CH3CH35nCH2=CH2CH2CH2n 6CnH2n3n/2O2nCO2nH2O 炔烃（乙炔为例）1CH CH2H2CH3CH32CH CHHCl CH2=CHCl 3.CHCH Br2 CHBr=CHBr 4CH CH2Br2CHBr2CHBr25nCH2=CHCl CH2CHn 苯1HNO3NO2H2O 2Br2(液溴 )BrHBr 33H2苯的同系物（甲苯为例）13HNO33H2O 2、催化剂催化剂催化剂点燃光照点燃催化剂浓硫酸5560催化剂CH3浓硫酸5560CH3O2NNO2NO2催化剂催化剂CH3KMnO4(H+) COOH 催化剂FeCl3Cl 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 卤代烃（溴乙烷为例）1CH3CH2BrNaOHCH3CH2OHNaBr 2CH3CH2BrNaOH CH2=CH2 NaBrH2O 醇12CH3CH2OH2Na 2CH3CH2ONaH22CH3CH2OHHBr CH3CH2BrH2O 3CH3CH2OH CH2=CH2 H2O 42CH3CH2OH CH3CH2OCH2CH3H2O 52CH3CH2OHO22CH3CHO2H2O 62CH3CH(OH)CH3O22CH3COCH3H2O 7.C(CH3)3OHO2很难被氧化酚（苯酚为例）12 2Na2 H22NaOH H2O 3CO2H2ONaHCO34Na2CO3NaHCO353Br2 3HBr 6. 溶液呈紫色醇浓硫酸170浓硫酸140Cu 或 Ag Cu 或 Ag OH ONa OH ONa ONa OH OH OH BrBr Br OH ONa H2O OH FeCl3溶液催化剂名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 醛（乙醛为例）1CH3CHOH2CH3CH2OH 22CH3CHOO22CH3COOH 3CH3CHO2Ag(NH3)2OH CH3COONH43NH3H2O 2Ag4CH3CHO2Cu(OH)2+NaOHCH3COONaCu2O 3H2O 羧酸酯1CH3CHOOH CH3CH2OHCH3COOCH2CH3H2O 2CH3COOCH2CH3H2OCH3CHOOH CH3CH2OH 3. CH3COOCH2CH3NaOHCH3CHOONa CH3CH2OH 催化剂催化剂浓硫酸稀硫酸名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - -