2022年初二英语上册知识点总结 .pdf

学习必备欢迎下载Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 单词prepare pr?per v.预备；准备exam ? z?m 考试available ?ve? l?bl 可得到的；有空的；hang h? 悬挂； (使)低垂until ?nt? l 直到 .的时候；直到为止catch k?t ? 赶上；抓住；捕捉invite ? nva? t 邀请accept ?ksept 接受；refuse r?fju?z 拒绝invitation ? nv?te? n 邀请；邀请函reply r ? pla? 回答，回复forward f ?rw?rd 转交；发送，向前的delete d?li?t 删除preparation ?prep?re? n 准备，准备工作opening o?pn? 开幕式，落成典礼guest est 客人concert k ?ns?rt 音乐会headmaster ?hedm?st?r 校长event ? vent 大事，公开活动calendar k?l ? nd?r 日历，日程表重点短语1. come to ones party 参加某人的聚会2. a birthday party 生日聚3. soccer practice 足球训练4. look for 寻找5. find out 找到 ,弄清楚 ,查明6. be (go) on vacation 度假7. join sb. 加入某人 (的行列 ) 8. a football match 足球比赛9. keep quiet 保持安静 (keep+形容词“保持某状态” ）keep+ (sb.) +doing 使 (某人 ) 不停地做某事”keep sth. 保存某物，饲养某物10. a culture club 文化俱乐部11. “给某人打电话”的几种说法：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载call sb.( up), phone sb.(up), phone to sb., telephone sb.(up), telephone to sb., ring sb.(up), give sb. a ring, give sb. a phone, make a telephone (call) to sb. 12. have to 不得不，必须13. the day after tomorrow 后天14. a science report 科学报告15.on Saturday afternoon 在周六下午16、prepare for 为 做准备17. go to the doctor=see a doctor 去 看 医 生18.have the flu患 感 冒19.help my parents 帮助我的父母e to the party 来参加聚会21.another time 其他时间22.last fall 去年秋天23.go to the party 去聚会24.hang out 常去某处；泡在某处25.the day after tomorrow后天26.the day before yesterday 前天27. have/take a piano/guitar lesson 上一堂钢琴(吉他 )课28.look after 照看；照顾29.accept an invitaton接受邀请30.turn down an invitation拒绝邀请31.take a trip去旅行32.at the end of this month 这个月末33.look forward to 盼望；期待34.the opening of 的开幕式/落成典礼35.reply in writing书面回复36.go to the concert 去听音乐会37. not until直到 才 38.meet my friend 会见我的朋友40.visit grandparents 拜访祖父母41.study for a test 为考试学习42. much too 太，过于43. too much 太多44.have to 不得不45.too much homework 太多作业46.do homework 做家庭作业47.go to the movies 去看电影48.after school 放学后49. on the weekend 在周末50.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事51.what 引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数（+主语 +谓语）！52.What+adj.+ 名词复数 /不可数名词（ +主语 +谓语） ！53.help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事54.be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤55. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事see sb.doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事56.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式57.have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对58.look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事59.reply to sth./sb.答复某事 /某人60. What s today?今天是什么日子？(星期几，几号 ) Whats the date today? 今天几号？What day is it today? 今天星期几？/什么节日？精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载知识点：一、重要句型 【邀请用语】1. Can you come to my party? = Would you like to come to my party? 肯定回答： Sure, Id love to. 否定回答： Im sorry. I cant. I have to do my homework. 2. Maybe another time. 3. Thanks for asking (inviting). 谢谢邀请。问星期 What is today? It is Monday? What day is it today? It is Monday. 4.Can you .(please)?你能 .吗？，常用于发出邀请。肯定回答sure,I d love to/That will be nice./Id like that, Thanks.否定回答Sorry,I cant./No,Thank you./Id love to,but Im afraid I have no time. -Can you go shopping with me? - Sorry,I cant.I have to do my homework first.5时间状语前的介词的复习：星期、具体日期、具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用 on;On Sunday, on October 4th, on Monday morning/ afternoon/ evening, on a cold night年份、 月份、季节，在早上、下午、晚上用in. In 1999, in November, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening, in summer 复习时间介词： in .on . at. for 用法：in+ 世纪、年、月份 on+ 日期、具体日期的 (上、下、晚 )、包含特定形容词的( 上、下、晚 ) at+ 时刻 for+ 时间段 ( 强调句子谓语动词的持续性、不间断性) Mr Smith walked into an old city in Beijing _ a cold morning . The doctor often tells children to sleep_ eight hours at night. When did your mom arrive in Beijing ,Jim? _ half past six 注意：有了 this , that, next , yesterday, tomorrow, 这些词时无介词。This Monday, that afternoon, yesterday morning, tomorrow afternoon, next summer. 6 accept 基本用法 v. accept 接受，领受，承认，认可，同意。（过去式 :accepted 过去分词 :accepted 现在分词 :accepting 第三人称单数:accepts ）I accept your excuse. 我同意你的辩解。 知识拓展 - 词义辨析精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载accept & receive accept 是主观上的接受， receive 是客观上收到。如：I received her invitation but didnt accept it. 我收到了她的请帖，但并没有接受她的邀请。7.That s too bad, maybe another timeanother 通常用于三个以上的或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体，意为“另一个，再一个”The shirt is small,Can you show me another one? the other指两者中的另一个，有特定的数量范围，不是任意的另一个He has two daughters. One is a doctor,the other is a teacher. 1.another,other,the other,others与 the others another 指不定数目中的“另一个；又一个” ，用来代替或修饰单数可数名词。如：Would you like another cup of tea?你想再来一杯茶吗？other 意为“另外的；其他的” ，修饰复数名词。如：We study Chinese,math,English and other lessons.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他学科。the other通常指两个中的“另一个” 。one.the other.如：She has two daughters.One is a teacher,the other is a doctor.她有两个女儿。一个是教师，另一个是医生。others 泛指“另外的人或物”。如：Some like swimming,others like boating.有些人喜欢游泳。另一些人喜欢划船。the others特指某范围内“其余全部的人或物” 。如：There are forty books in the box.Ten are mine,the others are my father s.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载箱子里有四十本书。其中十本是我的，其余的都是我父亲的。例题： Sorry,because I have to look after my brother. Thats too_.May me_time. A.bad;another B.bad;other C.good;another D.good;other 解析：第一空内容根据句意需要bad.other表“其他的，其余的”之意，another表“再一，又一”之意，故应用another. 8join v参加join用作及物动词，意为“参加，加入( 某一团体或组织 )”。My father joined the Party in 1993我爸爸 1993 年入党。My brother joined the football club我弟弟参加了足球俱乐部。join与介词 in 或 for 连用，表示和某人一起做某事。Can you join us in the game?和我们一起做游戏好吗 ? I d like to join you for tea我想和你们一起喝茶。9Jenny, Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon？你能参加我的晚会吗？Sure, I d love to. 当然，我很愿意。Sorry, I can t. I have to prepare for an exam. 对不起，我不能。我得准备考试。【解析】 can 情态动词“能，会”，can 后跟动词原形，无人称和数的变化，表示某人所具备的能力或技能肯定回答：“Yes, 主语+ can . ”否定回答 : “No, 主语 + cant ” Can he swim? Yes, he can / No, he cantcan 的否定形式 cant , 过去式 could Can you? 你能吗？表示客气地请求某人做某事，can 可用 could 替换，could 比 can 更客气、委婉，显得更有礼貌。如果接受邀请： I d love to/Thanksa lot /Certainly如果不能接受： I m sorry ,but I cant Can you go fishing with me? Sure ，I d love to.【巧记】 Can you come to my party? Sure, I d love to. I m sorry. I cant . I have to help my mom.(4) 表示请求、允许，当主语是第二人称you 时，表示请求还经常用 “Would you like to .?” 。My brother can swim but I cant. 我哥哥会游泳，但我不会。 （能力）She cant be at home. I saw her in the super market just now.她不可能在家里。我刚才在超市看见她了。Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?有人在敲门。会是谁呢？It can be very cold here in spring.这里的春天有时会非常冷。Can you come to my birthday party?你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？（请求）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载Can I have some water, please?我能喝点水吗？（请求）10. I have to prepare for an exam. 我要为考试做准备。 基本用法 v. prepare 使做好准备，把准备好（过去式： prepared 过去分词： prepared 现在分词： preparing 第三人称单数: prepares）常用于以下结构中：1. prepare sth. 准备Mom is preparing dinner in the kitchen. 妈妈在厨房准备晚餐。2. prepare for sth . 为某事做准备The final test is coming. The students are preparing for it. 期末考试快到了，学生们在为此做准备。3. prepare to do sth. 准备干The men are preparing to fight. 人们准备战斗。【解析】 exam? z?m n 考试 ( 指正式的考试，如入学考试、期中考试等) Pass the exam 考试及格 fail (in) the exam 考试不及格take /do an exam参加考试小结： prepare 动词 意为使做好准备，把准备好；常用短语1.prepare for 为做准备；其名词形式是preparation 意为准备，准备工作I can t go to your party ,because I must prepare for the math exam. The farmers are preparing the ground for planting。农民们正在为种植准备耕地。2.prepare sb for/to do sth 使某人对做好准备The teachers are preparing the students for the final examination. 老师们正让学生们准备期末考试. He took out a picec of paper and prepared to write to his friend. 他拿出一张纸，准备给他的朋友写信。3.prepare sb sth 为某人准备the host prepared us a delicious meal. 主人为我们准备了美味的晚餐. 11、bring v. 带来Can you bring me an English dictionary? 你能给我带来一本英语字典吗？bring 与 take 的区别：Bring your homework here, and take the book away. 把你的作业拿过来，把这本书带走。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载bring 指带到说话者这来，通常与here搭配，而 take 则指从说话者这带走，通常与away 连用。两者方向相反。1. - Why do Chinese people like red? - Because they think it can _ them good luck. A. carry B. bring C. make D. take 2. _ away the small apples and _ me some big ones. (1997 年安徽省中考题) A. Carry; bring B. Take; bring C. Take; carry D. Carry; take 12. Im sorry, I cant . I have to help my parents. 对不起，我不能。我得帮助我的父母。【解析 1】have to “不得不，必须”， , 表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事第三人称用 has to ,过去式 had to, 后跟动词原形，变成否定句或疑问句借助助动词 do/does/did(可以用于各种时态 ) 【注】否定形式 dont have to = needntIt s raining outside, I have to stay at home.【注】 ：have/has to/must Have to +v 原 不得不 / 必须、 must+v原 必须 .二者比较如下：have to 有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数用has to ，其他人称用 have to ；而 must没有人称或数的变化。例：He has to go there to visit his aunt他不得不去那里拜访他的姑姑。have to 有时态的变化， must 没有。例： He had to study late for the math test他不得不为数学测试而学到很晚。have to 强调客观上“不得不”做某事；( 非本身愿意 ) must 指主观上“必须”做某事 ( 本身愿意 ) 例：We must study hard 我们一定要努力学习。主语 We 本身愿意 Students have to do so much homework every night. 主语 students 不愿意写这么多作业【解析 2】help v 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事2). help oneself to sth 随便吃help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作4). with the help of 在帮助下5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事6).Cant help doing 情不自禁做 . Can you help me (to) prepare for the party? 你能帮我为聚会做准备吗？I helped my sister (to ) clean the room yesterday. 我昨天帮助我的姐姐打扫房间。Anna often helps her mother with housework. 安娜经常帮助她妈妈做家务。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载Miss Lee often helps me with my English. 李老师经常在英语方面帮助我。Help to yourself some fruit. 你随便吃些水果吧！ Mary is so _ she comes to you whenever youre in trouble.A. useful B. careful C. thankful D. helpful The woman _ all of her money to charities_ the poor. A. gave off, to help B. gave up, helping C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping 小结：情态动词 can / have to/ need/ must （较难点）can 是能不能，能够做某事；have to, 不得不，强调客观上的原因迫使不得不去做某事；need 有没有必要，需不需要做某事;must 是必须做某事，具有强制性的意味。13、sad 形容词意为悲伤地，伤心的This story made me very sad . 这个故事让我很伤心。It s sad to hear this bad news. 听到这个坏消息，我很伤心。注意： It s +形容词 +（for sb ）to do sth 对于谁来说做是的15、see （看见） hear（听见） watch（看见） +sb +do sth 看见过 /听见过某人做后接动词原形see （看见） hear（听见）watch （看见） +sb +doing sth 看见/听见某人正在做后接动名词I often see the boy play basketball in the park. 我经常看见那个男孩在公园里打篮球。They can always hear her sing in the next room。他们经常能听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。Lilei watched the chief take the old man s phone. 李磊看见这个小偷偷了那个那人的手机。When I look out the window, I see a bird standing om the tree.当我向窗外看的时候，看到一只鸟站在树上。I heard my parents and my English talking in the garden. 我听到我的父母和我的英语老师在花园里谈话。14. I must go to the doctor. 我必须去看医生。【解析 1】must “必须；一定 ”, 表示主观的义务和必要，常用于肯定句和疑问句。 由 must 引起的疑问句， 肯定回答用 must, 否定回答用 neednt /dont have to Must I get up at 6 o clock? No, you _.You can get up at 7 o clock. A. mustn t B. needn t C. can t Mom, must I take out the trash now? No, you _. You may take a rest first. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载A. mustn t B. can t C. shouldn t D. don t have to 【注】 mustnt 表示“禁止；不可以” 而 dont have to 表示“不需要；不必”Li Lei, hurry up! The bus is coming. Oh, no. We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green. A. mustn t B. may not C. needn t D. have to We_ use mobile phones when the plane takes off A. may not B. shouldn t C. needn t D. mustn t 【解析 2】go to the doctor =go to see a doctor 去看医生Where did you go yesterday, Rick? I went to see a _ because I had a cold. A. teacher B. doctor C. Reporter What would you like to say to your _ before leaving school? I d like to say “ Thank you very much! I ve learnt a lot from you in the past three years. ”A. teachers B. workers C. doctors D. engineers 15. I have too much homeworkweekend. 这周末我的家庭作业太多了。【解析】 (1)too many + 复数名词许多too many people (2)too much + 不可数名词许多too much homework (3)much too + 形容词太much too cold The new kind of car is _ dear, I dont have _ money. A. too much; much too B. much too; too much C. too much; too much D. much too; much too The meat is _ delicious. Yes, but dont eat _. A. too much; too much B. much too; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; much too 小结： too much ，太多，修饰不可数名词，too many, 修饰可数名词；much too, 太，后接形容词16a lot很，非常，非分a lot相当于副词，表示“十分，很”，常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。Thanks a lot非常感谢。This picture is a lot more interesting than that one这幅画比那幅有趣。17、have the flu 患感冒have a cold 感冒了have a fever 发高烧have a headache 头痛注意：其中的 have不是有的意思，通常意为患有18. Im sorry, Im not available. 抱歉，我没有空。基本用法【解析】 available?ve? l?bl adj. 有空的，可用的，有效的。作“有空的”相当于 free ，但不能修饰名词， free 可以修饰名词。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载I m available (free) next Tuesday if you want to meet then. 如果你想碰头的话，我下星期二有空。 人做主语时指人“能够出席的，有时间做某事的”Are you available for a meeting tomorrow morning? 物做主语时，指物“可用的；有效的”用法：词性中文释义备注例句形 容词有空的 （free ）不用于名词前Will she be available today? 可获得的常用于名词前This is the only room available. ( ) Hello! Golden Sun Hotel. Can I help you? Do you have a room _for this weekend. A. available B. useful C. empty D. possible 19. Oh, but Sam isn t leaving until next Wednesday. 哦， 但是萨姆直到下周三才回去。【解析】 Until直到. 为止 , 肯定形式表示的意思是 做某事直至某时 ，动词必须是延续性的Excuse me.Is it my turn now? Not yet.Please wait on the chair_your name is called. A.and B.until C.although D.since not until 直到才强调动作直到until 后的时间才发生。not 通常与首句中的 be 动词、助动词或情态动词连用。否定形式表达的意思是 直至某时才做某事 。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以【解析】 not .until.意为“直到 .才.” 。在口语中，还可使用till代替 until。Don t leave todays work till tomorrow.今日事今日毕。I didn t go to bed until past midnight.昨晚我过了午夜 12 点才睡。We didnt stop talking until Mr. Gao came in.直到高老师进来我们才停止说话。此句还可以说成：We didnt stop talking before Mr. Gao came in. 或 We stopped talking after Mr. Gao came in. Usually, we dont know how important something is _ we lost it. A. or B. until C. as soon as The left-behind kids( 留守儿童 )cant see their parents_ the parents come back home from work. A. but B. until C. or D. if 20. Can you hang out with us on Monday night? hang out hang out 表示：与某人一起闲逛We can just hang out and have a good time. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载我们可以只是闲逛一下，开开心。【解析】 hangh? v 悬挂； (使)低垂My coat is hung on the chair. 【短语】 hang out /around 闲逛 hang up 挂断电话21. Catch you on Monday! 周一见！【解析】 catchk?t? （caught , caught ） v 赶上；抓住；捕捉( ) The roof of the house needs repairing . It s raining now. You d better get something to _ the raindrops. A. control B. cover C. carry D. catch 听清楚 Sorry, I didnt catch what you said.【短语】 catch a cold 患感冒 catch the bus 赶公共汽车catch fire 着火 catch up with 赶上( ) What did the teacher say just now? Sorry, I didnt _ it. I was thinking something else.A. see B. think about C. know D. catch 22. 复习 月份类、星期类、常见序数词月份类： 一月 January 二月 February 三月 March 四月 April五月 May 六月June 七月 July八月 August 九月 September 十月 October 十一月 November十二月 December 星期类：星期一 :Monday Tuesday Wednesday 四:Thursday :Friday :Saturday :Sunday 友情提示： The first day of a week is Sunday. 英语中，一周的第一天是Sunday,而非 Monday. 对星期提问： What day is (it) today ? 今天是星期几？ Its Tuesday today. 对日期提问： Whats the date today ? 今天是几月几号？ Its September 10th. 对日期和星期同时提： Whats today? 今天是什么日子？ Its Monday the 14th. 23.I m afraid 意为恐怕，表示推测令人不愉快的事情。表示否定时为 I m afraid not 恐怕不能表示肯定是为 I m afraid so 恐怕如此-Look at the clouds，It looks like rain.看那些云，看起来像是要下雨了。- Im afraid so. 恐怕是这样的。-Can you go to the concert?你能去音乐会吗？- Im sorry ， I m afraid not. 抱歉，恐怕去不了。24.What are you planning to do after school? 放学后你打算做什么？【解析】 plan planning planned v/n 计划精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 33 页学习必备欢迎下载【注意】 plan 的过去式，过去分词，现在分词都要双写n make a plan for 为制定计划plan to do sth 计划做某事 = plan on doing sth ( ) We have been planning _ a bridge. A. build B. to build C. building D. to building 25 I have the flu . 我得了流感。