60课时学完高中全部英语上 第37讲 高考阅读综合训练与飞跃（主旨+细节）讲义.pdf
高考阅读综合训练与飞跃（主旨高考阅读综合训练与飞跃（主旨+细节）细节）Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of Section 1:选自高考重庆卷阅读选自高考重庆卷阅读E篇篇pghuman activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The eco-guilt brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviewsskeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so muchPerhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation ,pis the deep pockets （雄厚财力）（雄厚财力） of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr.Lomborgs views are similar to those of some i?fiiii i iindustry?funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.S itttMLb bkllh lld ithSo it was strange to see Mr. Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full ofnational newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”gSuch one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的不可信的)”Aitil (批判的批判的)ilbld thdihldt i ftiA critical (批判的批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to beUnfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half?blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. Thats a shame, pyy,because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.1According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics” ?APeople who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”BPeople who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.CPeople who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.DPeople who spread comforting news to protect our environment.2Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborgsbook?ASome big businesses intend to protect their own interests.BThe book challenges views about the fine state of the world.CThe author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.DIndustry-funded media present confusing information.13The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_.Avoice a different opinionBfind fault with Lomborgs bookCchallenge the authority of the mediagyDpoint out the value of scientific views4What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?ATthktit hitilATo encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.BTo warn the public of the danger of reviews.CT blhdi lk fibiliiii fiCTo blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.DTo show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.Nesec rit camera can see thro gh clothesSection 2:选自山东高三模拟选自山东高三模拟New security camera can see through clothesNew technology that can see through clothing and detect what s underneath can now be used to scan crowds making it a potentially effectiveunderneath can now be used to scan crowds, making it a potentially effective tool to prevent terrorist attacks in public places.The Thru Vision T5000 camera picks up Terahertz raysor T-rays whichThe Thru Vision T5000 camera picks up Terahertz rays ，or T-rays, which are naturally sent out by all objects and can pass through clothes or even walls. The camera can then detect metallic and nonmetallic objects hidden junder clothing on still or moving subjects without showing any body detail.While similar technology is seen at airports around the world, the T5000 is gyp,designed to be used in large, open areas. With a range of 25 meters, the T5000 can screen people in public places, thus avoiding bottle-necks at iiiborder crossing or security checkpoints. It also means people can be screened without knowing it.The technology develops from British astronomers work in studying dying stars. Astronomers use T-ray cameras to see through dust and clouds in space. The company sees uses for its camera at oth er sites where political or business activities take place.For privacy concerns，Thru Vision Chief Executive Clive Beattie said the image produced by the camera did not show detailed parts of the body. Its almost a shining light bulb(灯泡）灯泡）. Beattie said. You don t see the detail that people might be concerned about. In London s busy Piccadilly Circ shich is alread filledith closed circ it s r eillance (监视监视）Circus-which is already filled with closed -circuit surveillance (监视监视）cameras- reaction to the new technology was mixed. Some said the camera was going too far and violating privacy，but others said they are willing towas going too far and violating privacy，but others said they are willing to put safety before privacy concerns. There s surveillance everywhere anyway, said one commuter. I don t think it s much of a difference. I don t care that they can see through me because they can see me anyway.Some experts said the privacy violation of the camera was not worth the benefit. What we should consider is how much we want to lose our privacy iifiiiiiin order to obtain a sort of national security， said David Murakami Wood，director of the Surveillance Studies network，which deals with surveillance and privacy problems In most cases this isn t real security it s a sense ofand privacy problems. In most cases this isn t real security-it s a sense of safety that has very little real effect. 21. What is the most probable purpose of the new invention?A. To improve people s life standard. B. For scientific research.C. For commercial benefits. D. For safety reasons.2. What can we learn about T5000?A Itd ttt llidt llibjtdthA. It can detect metallic and nonmetallic objects underneath.B. It can see through clothing or walls by sending out T-rays.C IfidbbC. It was first used to observe stars by astronomers.D. It is widely used at airports around the world.3. Which is most probably the opinion of people on using the new camera?A. Some agree to its use as it is new technology to protect privacy.B. Some agree to its use because safety is the most important.C. Some don t agree to its use because it makes no difference.gD. Some people don t care because they know little about it.4. What s the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Safety is more important than privacy.B. T5000 is more beneficial than harmful.C. T5000 does not really provide security.D. Its not worth giving up privacy for safety.Harvard researchers have created a tough low-cost biodegradable (可生物可生物Section 3: 选自高考湖南阅读选自高考湖南阅读C篇篇Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable (可生物可生物降解的降解的) material inspired by insects hard outer shells. The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a ypypmore environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. The material, made from shrimp (虾虾) shells and proteins produced from silk, is called shrilk. It is thin, clear, flexible and strong.Amajor benefit of the material is its biodegradability Plastics toughnessA major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastic s toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and 1960s. Decades later, however, plastics very durability (耐用性耐用性) is , pyy (耐用性耐用性)raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags, or short-lived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries. What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill, but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料肥料), and so will enrich the soil.Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, it b dit li iltTh tkh ilk ltd itinsect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of materialmaterial.Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab The inventors said the materialWork on shrilk is continuing in the lab. The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so theyre exploring ways to use it in wet environments. Theyre also developing simpler production processes, ypgppp,which could be used for non-medical products, like for computer cases and other products inside the home. Theyre even exploring combining it with other materials, like carbon fibers, to give it new properties.31. Paragraph I of the passage is mainly about shrilks_.A. remarkable designB. interesting nameC. major featuresD. basic elements2 What has become a concern about plastic?2. What has become a concern about plastic?A. Using it properly.B Pdiit hlB. Producing it cheaply.C. Developing its properties quickly. D Eltiitt ib tif i lD. Evaluating its contributions fairly.3. According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because_.A. it can help plastic degradeB. it can be found in living thingsC. its mass production has been realizedpD. its raw materials are abundant in mature4. What are the inventors doing in the lab?A. Replacing carbon fibers with shrilk.B. Testing shrilks use in wet conditions.C. Making shrilk out of used household goods.ggD. Improving shrilks flexibility for medical purposes.5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Recent Progress in Environmental ProtectionB. Benefits of Insects in Scientific ResearchC. The Harm of One-time ProductsD. A Possible Alternative to Plastic4
