2022年秋八年级英语上册-Units-1-10单元上册知识点归纳-(新版)人教新目标版.pdf

1 2022 年秋人教版新目标八年级上册英语Units1-10单元知识点归纳Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 feel like给的感觉；感受到go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来nothing but+ 动词原形除了之外什么都没有seem+ （to be ）+ adj. 看起来arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事Unit2 How often do you exercise? help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对有好处 go camping去野营not at all一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过 less than少于help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about ? .怎么样？ / 好不好？want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数 +一般疑问句？有多少? 主语 +find+that从句 . 发现 spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光It s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite ?你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.more outgoing更外向asas与一样 the singing competition唱歌比赛be similar to与相像的 / 类似的 the same as和相同；与一致 be different from与不同2 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的touch one s heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋be good at擅长 be good with善于与相处have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级 +as 与一样 It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really； 2）比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词 than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词 much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the ，后面可带in （ of ）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化：构 成 方 法原级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加 -er 或-est high short higher shorter highest shortest 以字母 e 词尾的词，加-r 或-st late fine later finest latest finest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot big thin fat hotter bigger thinner fatter hottest biggest thinnest fattest 以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的双音节词， 先把“ y”改为“ i ”，再加-er 或-est funny easy early funnier easier earlier funniest easiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 或 most beautiful athletic outgoing more beautiful more athletic more outgoing most beautiful most athletic most outgoing 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：原 级比较级最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（更远） further（更深远） farthest(最远 ) furthest（最深远）as( 原级 )as 与一样 not as/soas不如3 Liming is as tall as Jim. Jack runs as fast as Tom. Lily is not as/so tall as Lucy. =Lily is shorter than Unit4 What s the best movie theater?movie theater电影院 close to离近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10 分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演in common 共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more越来越and so on等等 all kinds of各种各样的 be up to是的职责；由决定not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事、谎言等） play a role in在方面发挥作用/ 有影响for example例如 takeseriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到Can I ask you some?我能问你一些吗？How do you like?你认为怎么样？Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。What do you think of?你认为怎么样? much+ adj./adv.的比较级得多watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/ 在做某事方面扮演重要的角色one of+ 可数名词的复数之一Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? think of认为 learn from从获得；向学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目game show 游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影 a pair of一双；一对try one s best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与一样有名 have a discussion about就讨论one day 有一天 such as例如 dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.s place代替；替换do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料one of 之一 look like看起来像 around the world全世界 a symbol of的象征let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划 / 打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing?做怎么样？be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事Unit6 Im going to study computer science.grow up 成长；长大 every day每天 be sure about对有把握 make sure确信；务必sendto 把送到 be able to能 the meaning of的意思 different kinds of不同种类的write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与有关系 take up开始做；学着做hardly ever几乎不；很少 too to 太而不能/ 太以至于不能be going to+动词原形打算做某事 practice doing练习做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事learn to do sth.学会做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 promise to do sth.许诺去做某事help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 remember to do sth.记住做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事love to do sth.喜爱做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事Unit7 Will people have robots? on computer在电脑上 on paper在纸上 live to do 200 years old活动 200 岁 free time空闲时间in danger处于危险之中 on the earth在地球上 play a part in sth.参与某事 space station太空站4 look for寻找 computer programmer电脑编程员 in the future在未来 hundreds of许多；成百上千the same as与一样 over and over again多次；反复地 get bored感到厌烦的wake up 醒来 fall down倒塌will+动词原形将要做fewer/more+ 可数名词复数更少 / 更多less/more+ 不可数名词更少 / 更多have to do sth.不得不做某事agree with sb.同意某人的意见such+名词（词组）如此play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事There will be + 主语 +其他将会有There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有正在做某事make sb. do sth. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? milk shake奶昔 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 pourinto 把倒入a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 a good idea好主意 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎put into 把放入 one more thing还有一件事 a piece of一片 / 张/ 段/ 首at this time在这时 a few一些；几个 fill with 用把装满cover with 用覆盖 one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time很长时间how many+可数名词复数多少 how much+不可数名词多少It s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了FirstNext ThenFinally 首先接下来然后. 最后want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾语 +形容词使怎样 let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事Unit9 Can you come to my party? on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 prepare for为做准备 go to the doctor去看医生have the flu患感冒 help my parents帮助我的父母 come to the party来参加聚会another time其他时间 last fall去年秋天 go to the party去聚会hang out常去某处；泡在某处 the day after tomorrow后天 the day before yesterday前天have a piano lesson上钢琴课 look after照看；照顾 accept an invitaton接受邀请turn down an invitation拒绝邀请 take a trip去旅行 at the end of this month这个月末look forward to盼望；期待 the opening of 的开幕式 / 落成典礼 reply in writing书面回复go to the concert去听音乐会 notuntil直到才meet my friend会见我的朋友 visit grandparents拜访祖父母 study for a test为考试学习have to不得不 too much homework太多作业 do homework做家庭作业go to the movies去看电影 after school放学后 on the weekend在周末invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事what 引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语 +谓语）！What+adj.+ 名词复数 / 不可数名词（+主语 +谓语） ！help sb.（to ）do sth.帮助某人做某事be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤5 see sb. do sth. see sb.doing sth. the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事reply to sth./sb.答复某事 / 某人Whats today? 今天是什么日子？ What s the date today? What day is it today? Unit10 If you go to the party,youll have a great time!stay at home待在家里 take the bus乘公共汽车 tomorrow night明天晚上 have a class party进行班级聚会half the class一半的同学 make some food做些食物 order food订购食物 have a class meeting开班会at the party在聚会上 potato chips炸土豆片，炸薯条 in the end最后 make mistakes犯错误go to the party去参加聚会 have a great/good 玩得开心 give sb. some advice给某人提一些建议go to college上大学 make（a lot of）money赚（许多）钱 travel around the world环游世界get an education得到教育 work hard努力工作 a soccer player一名足球运动员 keepto oneself保守秘密talk with sb.与某人交谈 in life 在生活中 be angry at/about sth.因某事生气 be angry with sb.生某人的气in the future在将来 run away逃避；逃跑 the first step第一步 in half分成两半solve a problem解决问题 school clean-up学校大扫除ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 give sb. sth.给某人某物tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 tooto do sth.太而不能做某事be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事It s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事人教版八年级上册英语知识点Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? （谈论假期生活，一般过去时）Unit 2 How often do you exercise? （谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister （谈论事物对比，形容词比较级）Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater? （谈论事物比较，形容词最高级）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? （谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6 I m going to study computer science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时) Unit7 Will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言，一般将来时) Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?( 描述进程，祈使句 ) Unit9 Can you come to my party?( 学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子) Unit10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time.(作出决定，学习if 的条件状语从句 ) 复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的 to do 和 doing 的区别ed形容词和 ing 形容词的区别“ 近义词 ” 的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象6 动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 单词anyone eniw ?n pron. 任何人anywhere eniwe ?(r) adv. 任何地方n.任何(一个)地方wonderful w ?nd?fl adj. 精彩的；极好的few fju ? adj. 很少的； n.少量most m?st adj. 最多的；大多数的；something s?m ? pron. 某事物；nothing (=notanything) n ? pron. 没有什么 n.没有myself ma ? self pron. 我自己everyone evriw ?n pron. 每人；人人yourself j ? self pron. 你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored b ? d adj. 无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pig n.猪diary da ? ri n. 日记；日记簿 (keep a diary) seem si? m vi. 似乎；好像someone s?mw?n pron. 某人；有人quite a few 相当多；不少 (后接可数名词 ) of course ?vk? s 当然activity ?kt? v?ti n. 活动；活跃decide d? sa?d v.决定；选定 (decide to do sth.) try tra ? v.尝试；设法；努力(try to do sth. /try doing sth.) bird b ? d n.鸟；禽paragliding p?r? la? d? n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle ba ? s? kl n. 自行车building b ? ld? n.建筑物trader tre ? d?(r) n. 商人；商船7 wonder w ?nd?(r) v. 惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference d ? fr ?ns n.差异；不同top t ?p n.顶部；顶wait we ? t v.等；等待 (wait for) umbrella ?mbrel ? n.伞；雨伞wet wet adj. 湿的；雨天的below b? l? prep.低于；在 .下面 adv.在下面as ?z conj.如同；像 .一样enough ? n?f adj. 足够的 adv.足够地；充分地duck d ?k n. 鸭肉；鸭hungry( 反 full) h ?ri adj.饥饿的；渴望的feel like(doing sth.) 想要dislike d ? sla? k v.不喜欢；厌恶n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感重点短语1. go on vacation 去度假2.stay at home 待在家里3.go to the mountains 去爬山4. go to the beach 去海滩5. visit museums 参观博物馆6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营7.quite a few 相当多8.study for 为而学习9.go out 出去10.most of the time 大部分时间11. taste good 尝起来很好吃12.have a good time 玩得高兴13. of course 当然14.feel like 给的感觉；感受到15.go shopping 去购物16.in the past 在过去8 17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因为19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出；查明23. go on 继续24.take photos 照相25. something important 重要的事26. up and down 上上下下27. come up 出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. taste + adj. 尝起来 30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothingbut+ 动词原形除了之外什么都没有32.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+ 小地点到达某地34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 / 38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做 呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事9 48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.) 玩得痛快三、重点句子：1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的？2. Long time no see. 好久不见。3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗？4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。6. I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西。7. How did you like it ？你觉得它怎么样？8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10. but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. 今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。12. And because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法构成：由 some, any, no, every 分别加上 -body, -thing, -one 构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where 构成副词。用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2） 不定代词作主语时， 谓语动词要用单数。There is nothing wrong with the TV . Everybody likes reading. （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；10 any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但 some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someone is calling me. There isnt anyone else there. Is anybody over there? Could you give me something to eat? （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 用作副词。Flowers come out everywhere. 注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数. 巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _. 2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it. 5. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _. 单选1. No one _ how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 2. Everything_ OK, isn t it? A. was B. are C. and D. is 3. There s_in the newspaper. You should read it. A. important something B. something boring C. boring something D. something important. 1. arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (翻译)_ arrive 为不及物动词，意为 _, 11 arrive in 到达+大地方（国家省 市）arrive at 到达+小地方（机场商店等 ) get to 到达+地方reach 到达+地方The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. A.arrived at B. got to C.reach D.arrived 2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻译)_ 3. decide 为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：_. 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. （翻译） _ try to do sth. 意为_; try doing sth. 意为_ We shouldn t try _(study) English, we should try _(study) English. 5.I felt like I was a bird.( 翻译)_ _. feel like 意为_后常接 _.另外 feel like 还意为 _ Do you feel like a cup of tea? 6.I wonder what life was like here in the past. （翻译） _ wonder 为及物动词，意为 “ 想知道 ” ，后常接疑问词（ who, what, why) 引导的从句。I wonder _ you are doing. ( 我想知道你正在做什么。) 6.What a difference a day makes! 感叹句，结构为What + 名词+主语+谓语！补充： _ 7. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. _ 为等候 ,后接人或物。_为太多，后接可数名词复数; _+不可数名词（ money）; _为太后接形容词或副词（ big）8 .My father didnt bring enough money. Enough 后可接 _ ，其形式分别为 _；_ 。(1) want to do sth. 想要做某事(2) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事(3) would like to do sth. 想要做某事12 (4) (2) decide to do sth. 决定做某事(5) decide on 决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I didnt find _ ( someone ) there. 2. Is there _( some thing ) important in todays newspaper? 3. Look! There is _ ( anybody ) at home. The light is on. 4. Amy _ ( meet ) a famous actor yesterday. 5. There _ ( be ) forty-five students in our class last term. 6. Miss Green _ ( come ) to China in 2008. 7. Little Tom _ ( be ) here a moment ago. 8. She _ ( buy ) a new bag yesterday. 二、单项选择( )1. -_ you _ to the movies？ - Yes, I did. A. Did went B. Did go C. Are went ( )2. - How was your weekend? - Great! We _ a picnic in the park. A. have B. has C. had ( ) 3. Mrs Green with her little daughter _ at home _ that rainy night. A. was on B. were on C. was at ( ) 4. - Who told you to clean the windows? -Miss Wang _ A. told B. did C. has told ( ) 5. - Do you always _ to the zoo? - Yes, I _ yesterday.