雅思英语13定语从句ppt课件.pptx
The Attributive Clause 什么是定语从句呢？位于名词或代词后，用来修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子关系词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词: when, where, why人 (n.) + who /that+ 从句 物 (n.) + that / which+ 从句 1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别用法区别. who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语 whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语 that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语. The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.可省略可省略 The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语任务I. 阅读下列句子，再用who/that 填空。1.I have a brother _ likes soccer.2.Tom doesnt like movies _are too long and too scary.3. We prefer groups _ play loud and energetic songs.4. He likes friends _ often help each other.who/thatthatthatwho/thatA child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿).A. who B. whose C. whos D. whichLook at the girl _name is Lucy. A. who B. that C. whos D. whose 2. which, that 的用法用法which 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略3. 只能用that的情况 序数词序数词修饰先行词时修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. 形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时 This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everything, something, nothing, anything,等等不定代词不定代词作先行词时作先行词时Everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. 主句已有主句已有who或或which时时 当先行词同时当先行词同时指人和物指人和物时时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an apple that is red.修饰先行词 an apple 主语主语关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。I know some friends. Some friends like sports.I know some friendss who like sports. 修饰先行词 friends 主语主语/ that关系词who /that 在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。I like the music.I can dance to the music.I like the musicthat I can dance to .宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。I like the girl.You are talking to the girl. I like the girl who(m) you are talking to .宾语宾语/that关系词who /that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。任务II. 请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1I like music. The music is loud and exciting._.2. She loves movies. The movies are romantic. _.3. Tony likes music. He can dance to the music._.I like music that is loud and exciting.She loves movies that are romantic.Tony likes music that he can dance to.Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?合并句子练习 1.The fan is on the desk.You want it. 2.The man is in the next room.He brought our textbooks here yesterday. 3. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop. 4. Thats the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.5. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.6. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.7. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.8. Tom is the cleverest boy in his class. I love him most. 9. This is the first play. I have seen it since I came here. 10. Everything was true. We saw everything in this film. 11. Ive read all the newspapers. You gave the newspapers to me. 12. Who is the girl? The girl is in red. 13. Ive never heard of the people and things. You talked about the people and things just now. 翻译句子1. 这就是救了那个孩子生命的医生。2. 正在跑步的那个穿蓝色衣服的男人是我叔叔。3. 住在隔壁的那个女孩是我的音乐老师。4. 我经常跟那个长的高高的男孩子一起打篮球。5. 你喜欢那个经常带着微笑的小姑娘吗？文章基本结构IntroductionMain body: Supporting idea 1例子 Supporting idea 2例子ConclusionIntroduction:背景双方观点自己观点（50字）Development SocietyIdeaChangeDramaticallyMost people InsistFeelWhileBelieve 随着社会的发展，人们关于随着社会的发展，人们关于_的观点变化的很剧烈。的观点变化的很剧烈。大部分人认为大部分人认为_, 其他人觉得其他人觉得_, 但是我认但是我认为为_With the development of society, peoples ideas about _ have changed dramatically. Most of people insist that _, while I believe _.Main body: supporting idea 1老年人数量增长的好处：与年轻人分享经验 增强家庭凝聚力 保留并传承文化 见证历史 享受新科技所带来的幸福生活 在中国，家中有长寿老人一直是一件值得大家羡慕的一件事Main body: supporting idea 1It is really an admirable thing that there are older people in the families in China.AdmirableThere beOlder people Family家庭会因为长者而变的更加有凝聚力。对于那些能看到重孙的人来说，老人和孩子对家庭意味着生生不息。由于长者的支持，会使自己的文化和传统得以长久的保存。Main body: supporting idea 1 + example Families get closer and closer because of the elders. To the people who want to see grand-grandson, the old and the little children represent the circle of life. With the support of the elders, the traditions and customs will be passed permanently. Closer and closerThe eldersGrand-grandsonRepresentThe circle of lifeWith the support ofTraditionCulturePassPermanently年轻人将从老年人的经验中获益。长寿的人将不断有机会看到技术和生活方式的变化并且一直享受着惬意的生活Main body: supporting idea 1 + example Young people will benefit from the experience which get from the old. Old generation will get chances to see the changes in technology and lifestyle and enjoy a comfortable life for a long time.Benefit fromExperienceThe oldOld generationGet chances to doChangeTechnologyLifestyleEnjoyComfortable lifeFor a long timeMain body: supporting idea 2老年人数量增长的坏处：长寿延长工作时间，减少年轻人的工作机会退休之后无所事事，无聊长寿身体不好，增加年轻人的负担，增加政府负担家庭上老人与年轻有代沟另外一方面，人渐渐老去，他们会越来越孱弱而不得不依赖家庭和社会来满足它们的需求Main body: supporting idea 2 On the other hand, as people grow old gradually, they will be weaker and weaker. They have to depend on their families and society to meet what they need.On the other handGrow old GraduallyWeaker and weakerHave toDepend onMeet如果老人不能照顾自己，家族很有可能在长远的时间里感到疲倦。Y也有可能因为代沟，互相不理解而产生矛盾。C此外，如果老人身体健康，那么退休年龄就会延长，从而导致年轻人失业。E而如果老人退休在家，他们生活没有目标，长寿久会变得无聊。Main body: supporting idea 2 + exampleIf the old couldnt take care of themselves, the families may get tired of their responsibilities in the long run. There would be a contradiction because of the generation gap. Whats more, if the old are healthy, retirement will be postponed and lead to the unemployment problems. Moreover, they may be boring without goals if they retire at home.Take care ofGet tired ofResponsibilityLong runContradictionGeneration gapWhats moreThe old HealthyRetirementPostponeLead toUnemploymentMoreoverBoringConclusion平均寿命的增加是社会进步的表现。但是我们必须接受的是，老人没有工作，不需要纳税，如果不采取合适的措施，无论对家庭还是社会都会造成负担Increased life expectancy is an improvement to the society. What we must accept is that the old have no jobs and dont need to pay tax. If there are no proper actions, it will be a big burden no matter families or the society.Increased life expectancyImprovementSocietyAcceptThe old Have no jobsTaxProperThere beActionBig burdenNo matter
