【高考专题辅导】湖北省2021版高考英语 专题检测卷（十七）阅读理解.doc

阅读理解(建议用时: 25分钟)A(2013·十堰模拟)体裁说明文题材手机的使用词数296Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesnt want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry s manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters. If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice callsAmericans chat on cell phones 2. 26 trillion(万亿)minutes annuallyearn $109 billion for the wireless carriers. Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect. ”The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled. Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population. “Most cancers have multiple causes, ”she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer. Children are more vulnerable(易受伤的)to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid(易吸收的液体). No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says. Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains. Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phones speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen(腹部). 1. According to Ms. Davis, brain cancer increases. A. among childrenB. among old peopleC. in the twentiesD. among pregnant women2. Why do children easily be affected by radiation? A. Because they havent grown up. B. Because they are too young to protect themselves. C. Because they use cell phones more often than adults. D. Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt. 3. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. Pregnant women should keep cell phones away. B. People should use cell phones in the correct way. C. If you are a child, youd better text rather than make phone calls. D. When you use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phones speaker. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Be careful when using cell phones. B. Dont hold your cell phone against your ear. C. Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains. D. Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer. B体裁议论文题材禽流感的防治词数373Tiredness, coughing, a runny nose and a sore throatamong all sicknesses there is probably none more common than the flu, which we all get now and then. However, bird flu is a completely different story. Ten years ago, the H5N1 bird flu swept across 15 countries, including China, with sufferers reporting chest pain, difficulty breathing, fever and severe coughing. More than 600 people were infected, and about 60 percent died. Now another type of bird flu hit Shanghai and three neighboring provinces, and this time the virus is called H7N9. By the afternoon of April 11, the new virus had taken nine lives out of 35 infected, according to Xinhua News Agency. The “H” and “N” in the virus name refers to two kinds of proteins on the surface of the virus. Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation(变异). Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and dont normally spread to humans. But once they do, the results can be disastrous. “Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern, ”Malik Peiris, virologist(病毒学家)at the University of Hong Kong, told Nature magazine. Take the SARS epidemic(传染病)10 years ago as an example. The virus behind the disease is thought to have jumped to humans from animals. The virus was a complete “stranger” to human bodies, which hadnt developed an immunity against it. But there is something more about the new H7N9 bird flu. Unlike the H5N1 bird flu, which causes severe sickness in birds, the H7N9 has been evolving under the radar(悄悄地)since it travels between birds without causing noticeable illness. That makes it difficult to keep track of the disease. The good news is that theres so far no sign that the virus is spreading from person to person. But since there is no vaccine for the disease yet, the World Health Organization recommends that you wash your hands after meeting with sick people and before and after you eat or prepare food, and they also suggest avoiding contact with birds or their eggs. 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. The H5N1 bird flu turned out to have something to do with the SARS epidemic. B. More than 600 people across the world died from the H5N1 bird flu ten years ago. C. Most of the mutations of the proteins in the bird flu virus are harmful to both birds and humans. D. The name, H7N9 bird flu, shows that there have been new mutations of the proteins in the virus. 6. With the example of the SARS epidemic in Paragraph 5, the author intends to. A. introduce where the SARS virus came fromB. inform us of the harmful effects of the SARS epidemic ten years agoC. show the horrible effects an animal influenza virus can have once it spreads to humansD. compare the differences between the SARS epidemic and the H7N9 bird flu7. What makes the H7N9 bird flu more frightening than the H5N1 bird flu according to the text? A. It can cause severe sickness in birds. B. It can spread from person to person. C. It affects a greater number of birds. D. It doesnt sicken birds and thus can spread unnoticed. 8. What are people advised to do to protect themselves against the H7N9 bird flu? a. To get vaccinated for the disease. b. To keep away from birds and their eggs. c. To stop eating chickens and ducks. d. To avoid meeting with sick people. e. To wash hands thoroughly and regularly. A. a, bB. c, dC. b, eD. a, eC体裁记叙文题材第一次欧洲旅行词数326As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest. My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany. I have vivid memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them first hand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is otherwise scared of flying. After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine(莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I was in a sombre mood on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service. Being the first airline to take me overseas, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today, I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general, for me, has always been an ordeal (terrible and painful experience). Flying on Lufthansa, however, is something I always have and always will look forward to. 9. Which country does the author live in now? A. India. B. Canada. C. Belgium. D. Germany. 10. Which of the following is TRUE about the authors trip to Europe in 1998? A. The author traveled with one of his parents. B. Both their going and return are by air. C. They traveled in spring that year. D. They stayed in Europe for nearly two months. 11. It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is. A. a city in IndiaB. a city in EuropeC. an airline companyD. a travel agency12. The underlined word “sombre” in the 4th paragraph probably means“”. A. happyB. sadC. angryD. enjoyable【拓展训练】1. 阅读C篇文章, 写出下列单词的含义。(1)thoroughly adv. (2)somber adj. (3)long to do 2. 阅读C篇文章, 回答下列问题。What made the author so interested in traveling abroad? 答案解析A【文章大意】使用手机会带来辐射的负影响, 因此需要正确使用手机。1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段“But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population. ”可知脑癌主要发生在20多岁的人群中, 故选C项。2. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段的“Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid. ”可知, 小孩更容易受辐射的影响是因为他们的头骨更薄, 大脑更容易受伤, 故选D项。3. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段讲述的都是一些正确使用手机以防止辐射影响的方法, 由此判断选B项。4. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍使用手机的负面作用, 最后警示人们要正确使用手机。因此A项更能说明全文的主旨, 而其他三项只是文中的细节, 故选A项。B【文章大意】新一波禽流感疫情来袭, 你该如何应对? 5. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。A项文中没有提及, B项提到的600多人是感染the H5N1 bird flu的人数, 死亡人数为这一人数的60%, 也就是不到400人; 由第四段的“Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and dont normally spread to humans. ”可以推知C项不对; 由第四段的“Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation. ”可推知D项正确。6. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。这里列举SARS的例子是为了说明本段首句谈到的“Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern”, 而本段又是进一步说明上一段最后一句话“But once they do, the results can be disastrous. ”, 所以C项为正确答案。7. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知, H7N9禽流感与H5N1禽流感不同的是它不会在禽类间导致明显的疫情, 这使得它的传播不容易被及时发现, 故答案为D。8. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段可知, 专家建议人们勤洗手, 尽量避免接触禽类以及禽类下的蛋, 所以C项为正确答案。最后一段提到了现在还没有针对H7N9禽流感的疫苗, 故a不对。c, d文中没有提及。C【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者给我们讲述了他第一次去欧洲的难忘旅行。9. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段首句以及最后一段“Being the first airline to take me overseas”可分析, 作者生活的国度是印度(India)。10. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。A项错在与事实“和父母双亲一起去的”不符; C项错在与事实“他们是在夏季去的”不符; D项错在与事实“在欧洲待了两个星期”不符。B项与文章吻合。11. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。通过后三段内容不难看出, 此为一家航空公司的名称(德国汉莎航空公司)。12. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。想到愉快的旅行就要结束, 其心情自然不好, 故选B项。根据后半句“但德国汉莎航空公司却以其高质量的服务使得我这一返程旅行转变为a most enjoyable experience”也可推知。【拓展训练】1. 答案： (1)彻底地 (2)阴沉的; 忧郁的 (3)渴望做某事2. 答案：His fathers stories about his traveling experiences. - 7 -