2021届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧02直接细节理解题解答含解析.doc

典型技巧02 直接细节理解题解答【考情角度】考情分析应用文在全国卷3年9套卷中考查过5次，常见行文结构有三种：一是平行段落。文中有几条或几类信息在不同段落以相同顺序呈现，如时间、地点、联系方式等；二是次级标题。通过小标题将文章分成几个部分，小标题常用特殊字体呈现；三是表格。通过列表形式分开不同信息，每一列或每一行体现同一主题。考查角度主要考查直接细节理解类、间接细节理解类、推理判断类、词义猜测题等。【真题再现】(2019·全国卷·A)主题语境：职业Need a Job This Summer?The government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 skills, find a job or start businesses .Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 1518 years old in communities (社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students 1529, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.1.What is about ？A. It requires no training before employment.B. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.2.What is the required by ？A. 1518. B. 1524. C. 1529. D. 1617.3.Which program ？A. Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.【答案与解析】1.B2.D3.D1.由题干中的Summer Company可定位到小标题2，对比原文中的awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses与选项可得出答案。2.由题干中的age range和Stewardship Youth Ranger Program定位到小标题3，锁定年龄信息，即可得出答案。3.由题干关键词the disabled定位原文小标题4的最后一句中的“for persons with a disability”，由此可得出答案。【词汇积累】agency n.代办处，代理处，机构provincial adj.省的；一级行政区的select adj.高级的；专用的build vt.培养run vt.经营aged数词岁favor vt.有利于；有助于；偏爱all year round一年到头paid employment有偿就业【技巧释义】定位对比找答案一、看标题判文章体裁由主标题可推断本文是一则兼职广告二、扫原文知行文方式文章由小标题分成的4个部分组成，说明工作和符合条件的人选三、速览题干定位关键词定位题干关键词，查读原文，忽略细枝末节，对比原文解题信息得出答案【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）1iPhone 12OutlookFeaturing the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED.With flat aluminum sides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nice contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”.CameraThe iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has improved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximize detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well.ProcessoriPhone 12 is powered by the companys new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. Its claimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones.Wireless chargingTo improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.1.What is the size of iPhone 12?A.About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max.B.The same size as iPad Pro.C.Bigger than that of iPhone 11.D.As big as iPhone XR.2.Whats the function of the “MagSafe” system?A.To carry out the wired charging of iPhone 12.B.To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air.C.To make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories.D.To process the information in a more rapid way.3.Which of the followings is TRUE about iPhone 12?A.There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back.B.It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones.C.All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode.D.A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking.【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则iPhone 12手机的介绍，介绍了这款手机的外观、相机、处理和无线充电等情况。1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED.( iPhone 12的屏幕尺寸与之前的iPhone 11和iPhone XR相同，为6.1英寸，iPhone 12正在从LCD屏幕过渡到OLED屏幕)”可知，iPhone 12的尺寸和iPhone XR一样大。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据最后一段“To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.(为了改善iPhone 12的无线充电性能，它内置了“MagSafe”系统，以确保iPhone 12与MagSafe配件相匹配)”可知，MagSafe系统的功能是确保iPhone 12可以匹配MagSafe配件。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第一段中“To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a ceramic shield.(为了避免摔碎或摔裂，iPhone 12覆盖了一层苹果称之为超瓷晶面板的材料)”可知，D选项“超瓷晶面板有助于防止破碎和开裂”正确。故选D。2Head to Music City for a variety of great lodging (住宿) options. Whether you want to check out Downtown or head to the eastern part of the city, theres something for everyone. Gaylord OprylandLocated in the downtown and Music Row area, it is home to two different fine dining options within its estate (庄园), three casual-style restaurants, and six options for fast food. Other great conveniences include an indoor pool, a hot tub, free WiFi, refrigerators and more. Hermitage HotelAlso located in the downtown area, the Hermitage Hotel was named after the estate of late President Andrew Jackson. Guests can enjoy countless conveniences that will help to make their vacation absolutely unforgettable, including a fitness center, business center, free WiFi, and an on-site laundry facility. Radisson Airport TNLocated within miles of the International Airport, this is a fantastic option for those who are flying into the city as it offers free transportation service to and from the airport. The lodging features free WiFi, ATM machines on-site, and a free daily newspaper. Some great options for entertainment are also offered here, including an indoor heated pool, hot tub, gift shop, and fitness center. Hilton Garden InnLocated just a mile away from the Country Music Hall, this downtown site provides convenience and wonder for any Music City adventure. Guests will be able to enjoy accommodations such as free WiFi and paid breakfasts. Plus, each room comes equipped with microwaves and refrigerators for added convenience. When you are not relaxing in your comfortable room, guests can take a dip in the indoor heated pool.4.Which would a customer particular about food most probably choose?A.Gaylord Opryland.B.Hermitage Hotel.C.Radisson Airport TN.D.Hilton Garden Inn.5.What is special about Hermitage Hotel?A.It supplies fast food options.B.It is related to Andrew Jackson.C.It is near the Country Music Hall.D.It offers free transportation service.6.What do the hotels have in common?A.They provide Internet service.B.They offer an indoor heated pool.C.They are located in the downtown.D.They are equipped with microwaves.【答案】4.A 5.B 6.A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍了四家酒店的一些基本信息。4.推理判断题。根据 Gaylord Opryland 中“Located in the downtown and Music Row area, it is home to two different fine dining options within its estate (庄园), three casual-style restaurants, and six options for fast food.（位于市中心和音乐区，在它的庄园内有两个不同的美食选择，三个休闲风格的餐厅，和六个快餐选择。）”可知，Gaylord Opryland提供各种风格的美食供选择。由此推知，对食物最挑剔的顾客最有可能选择Gaylord Opryland。故选A。5.细节理解题。根据 Hermitage Hotel 中Also located in the downtown area, the Hermitage Hotel was named after the estate of late President Andrew Jackson.（同样位于市中心的Hermitage酒店以已故总统安德鲁·杰克逊的遗产命名。）可知，Hermitage Hotel特别之处在于，它和已故总统Andrew Jackson有关。故选B。6.细节理解题。阅读文章内容可知，这四家酒店都提到了“ free WiFi（免费无线网）”，由此可知，这四家酒店的相似之处在于，它们都提供免费的网络服务。故选A。3The California State Railroad Museum in Old Sacramento totals 100,000 square feet. Completed at a cost of $16.1million, the museum opened in May 1981. There are more than 40 exhibits, including 21 old locomotives (火车头) and carriages, some dating back to 1862. Here, visitors can learn a lot about the railroad history in California and the West in America.Hours & TicketsThe museum is open from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m. daily (except Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Years Day). Tickets are sold until 4:30 p. m. $12 adults, $ 6 students, children aged 5 and under are free.ParkingA small number of metered parking spaces are available on the streets of Old Sacramento. However, these spaces are not for guests visiting longer than 90 minutes. All-day parking is available in large public garages (车库) at both ends of Old Sacramento.Food ServiceThe Silver Palace Restaurant in the Central Pacific Railroad Passenger Station serves good food at the right prices. It is just one block southwest of the main entrance to the museum. There are many other restaurants throughout Old Sacramento.Other OfferingsGuided tours and films about the museum are offered daily. There are many other chances at the museum, too, including some historical attractions within Old Sacramento State Historic Park. 7.Which of the following is TRUE about the museum?A.It is open all year round.B.It is more than 160 years old.C.It may attract visitors interested in railway history.D.The old locomotives there were all made in California.8.If a 4-year-old visit the museum with his parents, they should pay .A.$10B.$20C.$24D.$309.According to the passage, the Silver Palace Restaurant is .A.worth a visitB.famous for its expensive foodC.far from the museumD.the best one in Old Sacramento【答案】7.C 8.C 9.A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了位于老萨克拉门托的加利福尼亚州铁路博物馆的开馆时间、票价及所提供的服务和注意事项。7.细节理解题。由第一段中的“Here, visitors can learn a lot about the railroad history in California and the West in America.”（在这里，游客可以了解到很多有关加州和美国西部铁路历史的知识。），可知在此博物馆，可以了解到有关加州和美国西部的铁路知识，因此它可能会吸引对铁路历史感兴趣的游客。故选C项。8.细节理解题。由Hours & Tickets下的“Tickets are sold until 4:30 p. m. $12 adults, $ 6 students, children aged 5 and under are free.”（门票出售至下午4:30。12美元成人，6美元学生，5岁及以下儿童免费。），可知如果一个4岁的孩子和他的父母一起参观博物馆，他们应该付24美元。故选C项。9.推理判断题。由Food Service下的“The Silver Palace Restaurant in the Central Pacific Railroad Passenger Station serves good food at the right prices.”（位于中央太平洋铁路客运站的银宫餐厅以合适的价格供应美味的食物。），可知银宫餐厅以合适的价格供应美味的食物，即“物美价廉”，可得出银宫餐厅是值得一游的地方。故选A项。4Summer Events on U. S. IslandsHundreds of U. S. islands host summertime festivities and many invite travelers to join in the fun. Here are 3 of our favorite island events across the country.Detroit Kite Festival (July 14)Belle Isle, MichiganKite flying is an ancient skill that's been used by cultures around the world for wind testing, fishing, military communications -and windy day fun. On Belle Isle, Detroit, the latter is celebrated in high style with this event that draws thousands of attendees including the Wind Jammers, a professional kite-flying team based in the city. Kites can be borrowed, bought, built, with staff from the Detroit Institute of Arts on hand teach the basics of kite construction.Ukulele(四弦琴) Festival(July 21)Oahu, HawaiiThis festival, now in its 50th year, sings the praises of the ukulele, Originating in part from the braguinha, a small guitar brought to Hawaii in the 19th century by Portuguese immigrant (移民 ) who worked in the sugarcane fields, the ukulele quickly became a beloved element of the hula culture. The event features internationally known musicians as well as a famous children's orchestra(管弦乐队). Head to the Queen Kapiolani Park, which lies at the base of Diamond Head and is also home to the Honolulu Zoo.Mermaid(美人鱼) Festival(July5-7)Key West, FloridaHavent heard of Mermay? Come to this Florida event to see 35 mermaids rise to the surface. With goals of celebrating mermaids and advocating for ocean conservation, the festival kicks off the first of seven events with Meet the Mermaids, at Havana. Cabana and goes on to include Swim With the Mermaids sessions (tails available for rent), an adults-only Ocean Blue party, and a MerTots Splash Hour. Ticket sales will support the nonprofit organization Reef Relief.10.What can tourists do at Detroit Kite Festival ?A.Join the Wind Jammers.B.Fly a kite for wind testing.C.Fly their own handmade kites.D.Teach the basics of kite construction.11.Where does Ukulele Festival take place?A.In Portugal.B.In the Honolulu Zoo.C.In the sugarcane fields.D.In the Queen Kapiolani Park.12.How is Mermaid Festival different from the other two festivals?A.It takes place in July.B.It is a traditional festivalC.It helps to protect the environment.D.It allows tourists to enjoy performances.【答案】10.C 11.D 12.C【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最受欢迎的三个岛屿活动。10.细节理解题。根据Detroit Kite Festival (July 14) 中“Kites can be borrowed, bought, built, with staff from the Detroit Institute of Arts on hand teach the basics of kite construction.”（风筝可以借，买，与从底特律艺术学院来的工作人员在手边教基本的风筝建设。）可知，游客在Detroit Kite Festival可以放飞自己的手工风筝。故选C。11.细节理解题。根据Ukulele(四弦琴) Festival(July 21) 中“Head to the Queen Kapiolani Park, which lies at the base of Diamond Head and is also home to the Honolulu Zoo.”（前往 Queen Kapiolani公园，它位于Diamond Head底部，也是檀香山动物园的所在地。）可知，Ukulele Festival的举办地在Queen Kapiolani Park。故选D。12.细节理解题。根据最后一段“With goals of celebrating mermaids and advocating for ocean conservation, the festival kicks off the first of seven events with Meet the Mermaids, at Havana.”（以庆祝美人鱼和倡导海洋保护为目标，这个节日在哈瓦那与美人鱼见面拉开了七个活动的序幕。）可知，Mermaid Festival与两个节日不同之处在于，这个节日有助于保护环境。故选C。