2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures作业含解析新人教版必修第三册.doc

Unit 4 Space ExplorationUnit 4Section 请同学们认真完成 练案14 一、语言基础训练单句语法填空1There are still many problems _to be solved_(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.2He made a promise _to come_(come) here on time tomorrow.3Were to hold a meeting in half an hour.The decision _to be made_(make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.4You dont have to run fast or for long _to see_(see) the benefit.5_To make_(make) it easier to get in touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand.6George returned after the war，only _to be told_(tell) that his wife had left him.7We were astonished _to see_(see) the building still in its original condition.8In college，there are so many good chances _to meet_(meet) your expectations.9He was the first traveler _to arrive_(arrive) in the island lying in the central of the Pacific Ocean.10We will be more than happy _to receive_(receive) materials，such as clothes，quilts and school supplies.完成句子1I hurried to Professor Wangs house _only to find he was out_.我匆忙赶到王教授的家，可是却发现他外出了。2During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father _to visit my grandparents_.去年寒假，我和父亲一起去了乡下看望我的祖父母。3California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study _to be published_ Tuesday.根据本周二要公布的一项研究，自20世纪30年代以来，加利福尼亚已经失去了一半的大树。4With so many problems to solve, my brother was too worried _to eat anything_.有太多的问题去处理，我哥哥担忧得吃不下任何东西。5I stayed awake until half past eleven _so as to/in order to/to have a good look at the moon_ by myself.我熬夜到11点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。6Andy and Ruby were the first _to reach the top of the mountain_，out of breath.Andy和Ruby首先到达了山顶，上气不接下气。二、培优提升训练阅读理解Edmund Halley was an English scientist who livedover 200 years ago.He studied the observations of cometswhich other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical (数学上的)problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆)Now Halley set to work.He figured out (解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it, for he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halleys comet, in his honor.文章大意：本文主要介绍了200多年前英国科学家哈雷以及他的发现。1Halley made his discovery _C_.Aby doing experimentsBby means of his own careful observationCby using the work of other scientistsDby chance解析：细节理解题。由文中第三段中的“He figured out(解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.”可知应选C。 2Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year _B_.A1704 B1705C1706 D1707解析：数字计算题。由最后一段中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.”可知，他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。3This passage in general is about _D_.AHalley and other scientistsBthe orbit of a cometCNewton and HalleyDHalley and his discovery解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了哈雷以及他的发现。4Which of the following is TRUE？_C_AEdmund Halley was an American scientist.BHalley made his discovery by doing experiments.CNewton was a famous mathematician.DThe orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.解析：细节理解题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第三段的分析中可知B项也错误；由第二段可知，牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D项。完形填空When I was about 18 months old, I was burned quite badly by hot water.This was a household accident, and now I can imagine how _1.D_ this must have been for my parents at the time.This took place in the 1970s, so the _2.C_ wasnt what it is today.I did get skin grafts(移植)，but it was still pretty bad.As I grew up, I _3.D_ my scars.They seemed so big and ugly.Kids would wonder what happened to me and stared at me directly.Unwilling to _4.C_ my scars, I always wore high-necked tops.I feared to wear a swimsuit in summer and started _5.B_ any outdoor activities.So I missed out on a lot of fun.My scars led me to believe I never looked _6.D_ without my clothes on.I believed that I needed to have perfect skin in order to find true _7.A_.I knew someone who wanted to know me would be _8.C_ by my skin.On the day that I turned 19, one of my best friends took me by the shoulders and said, “Michelle, stop _9.B_！Your burns are battle scars and you need to treat them as a symbol of _10.D_.” Her words made me realize that what I lacked most was _11.C_.For a long time, I was too afraid to get in touch with whom I wanted to be in life.Scars can be _12.B_ to deal with.But in the end, its just damaged skin.Im not the only one that carries painful burdens _13.D_.So many have disabilities but try hard to prove themselves and even _14.A_ in their fields.Life is about so much more than worrying about the flaws(瑕疵) on our bodies.Only if we _15.B_ ourselves as we are, can we find the meaning of life.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自小因为身上带着烫伤的疤痕而感到自卑，但朋友的话让她认识到认可自己的重要性。1AproudBstrangeCimportantDterrible解析：根据常识可知，作者18个月时被热水烫伤，对她的父母来说这场意外很糟糕(terrible)。故选D。2AeffortBexerciseCtechnologyDinformation解析：联系语境可知，在20世纪70年代，科技(technology)还不如现在发达。故选C。3Atalked aboutBlearned fromCbelieved inDstruggled with解析：根据后文“They seemed so big and ugly.”可知，作者的伤疤让她感到痛苦，故选“struggled with”。故选D。4AcoverBremoveCshowDincrease解析：根据后文可知，作者不想让别人看到自己的伤疤，于是总穿着高领衣服。故选C。5AjoiningBavoidingCdesigningDruining解析：由于怕被别人看到自己的伤疤，作者开始避免(avoiding)参加任何户外活动。故选B。6AhappyBuniqueChealthyDnormal解析：作者身上的伤疤让她认为自己不穿衣服时就看起来不正常，故选D。7AloveBworkCfreedomDknowledge解析：作者认为她需要具备完美的皮肤才能得到真爱，故选“love”。8AsavedBtouchedCtroubledDchallenged解析：在作者看来，想要认识自己的人都会被自己的身上的伤疤所困扰，故选C。9AdreamingBhidingCcomplainingDapologizing解析：因为作者一直自卑于自己的伤疤，作者的好朋友鼓励她不要再隐藏(hiding)自己。故选B。10AluckBpainCrespectDhonor解析：根据前文的“Your burns are battle scars”可知，好朋友让作者把她的伤疤当作荣誉(honor)的象征。故选D。11AhonestyBstressCconfidenceDsurprise解析：根据语境可知，好朋友的话让作者认识到自己最为缺乏的就是自信(confidence)。故选C。12AeasyBdifficultCpracticalDimpossible解析：根据语境可知，伤疤可能难以处理，但终究只是受损的皮肤，故选B。13AemotionallyBintellectuallyCmentallyDphysically解析：由后文可知，作者认识到自己不是唯一在身体上(physically)承受痛苦负担的人。故选D。14AsucceedBfailCrecoverDdisappear解析：根据语境可知，许多残疾人仍然在努力奋斗甚至在自己的领域取得了成功，故选A。15AchangeBacceptCanalyzeDremember解析：根据作者的经历可知，只有当我们学会接受(accept)自己的本来面貌，我们才能找到人生的意义。故选B。语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tom is a boy with physical _1.disability_(disable)and he cant walk as _2.a_ normal boy.In order to offer him more convenience, his mother bought him a robot _3.whose_ name is Jimmy yesterday.Jimmy accompanies Tom every day after his parents leave for work，_4.taking_(take)care of him.Tom suffers from a rare disease.He cant stand up.Instead, he has to sit on an armchair all the day.Jimmy shows sympathy to Tom and _5.tries_(try) his best to make him happy.Some days ago, he took Tom to the park.He tried to protect him from _6.being harmed_(harm)He gave Tom encouragement to have a try to walk.So Tom _7.did_.But to Jimmys disappointment, Tom fell on the ground, causing some other boys nearby to make fun _8.of_ him.“Dont laugh at the disabled！” Jimmy turned around, warning those boys.They felt sorry and ran away immediately.The next day, Jimmy took Tom to the park once again.This time, Tom was _9.adaptable/adapted_(adapt) to the circumstance and didnt feel clumsy any longer.He gets back his own confidence _10.though_ he is still a disabled boy.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。Tom是一个残疾男孩，他不能像正常人一样走路。妈妈给他买了一个机器人Jimmy作为陪伴。尽管他仍然是一个残疾人，但是在Jimmy的陪伴下他恢复了自信。解析：1考查名词。physical为形容词，其后应用名词。故答案为disability。2考查冠词。normal boy是可数名词单数形式，前面用a泛指“一个”。故答案为a。3考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为robot，从句中指“机器人的名字”，故答案为whose。4考查分词作状语。本处take与句子主语Jimmy之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为taking。5考查动词的时态。根据前半句的shows可知此处是并列的谓语动词，应该用一般现在时态，故答案为tries。6考查固定搭配。protect.from doing sth.保护免遭；再根据句子主语和harm之间是被动关系，所以这里用动名词的被动式，故答案为being harmed。7考查替代和时态。句意：他鼓励汤姆试着走路。汤姆确实这样做了。So主语助动词do/does/did，此处表示与上文动作一致，用助动词do/does/did代替上文相同的动作。根据Some days ago，可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为did。8考查介词。make fun of是固定词组，意为“嘲笑”。故答案为of。9考查形容词或固定结构。句意：这一次，汤姆适应了这种情况，再也没有感到笨拙。此处用形容词adaptable作表语，也可用固定结构be adapted to，故答案为adaptable/ adapted。10考查连词。分析句意为“尽管他仍然残疾，但他重新获得了自信”，可知应填though引导让步状语从句。