2021_2021学年新教材高中英语UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage习题含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTSectionLearningAboutLanguage课后·训练提升一、单句语法填空1.The engineer, leg was badly hurt,was quickly sent to hospital. 答案whose2.The city, is far away,is very beautiful. 答案which3.is known to everybody,Taiwan is a part of China. 答案As4.Tom has made rapid progress, makes me very happy. 答案which5.Nathan Hale,inboot the British guard had found the maps of the British armys defenceworks,faced his enemy bravely. 答案whose6.We didnt go to the cinema,instead of we went to the concert. 答案which7.We will be shown around the city,museum,and some other places, other visitors seldom go. 答案where8. Engels pointed out,labour created man himself. 答案As二、句型转换1.It is widely known that the moon is closer to the earth than the sun.,the moon is closer to the earth than the sun. 答案As is widely known2.The factory has over 8,000 workers and eighty percent of them are women.The factory has over 8,000 workers, are women. 答案eighty percent of whom3.He said that he had never seen her before.It was not true.He said that he had never seen her before,. 答案which was not true4.There were 500 passengers,121 of whom drowned.There were 500 passengers, 121 drowned. 答案of whom5.Bobs father spent four years in Egypt.He worked on the project.Bobs father,spent four years in Egypt. 答案who worked on the project6.He went to America;there he was noticed by an important film director.He went to America, by an important film director. 答案where he was noticed三、阅读理解A(2019湖南常德高一下学期期末)Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821,and moved to New York City when she was ten years old.One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor.That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century.After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools,she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.She was so determined that she taught in school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.In 1849,after graduation from the medical school,she decided to further her education in Paris.She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师),but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.Upon returning to the United States,she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman.By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister,also a doctor,along with another woman doctor,managed to open a new hospital,the first for women and children.Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital,she also set up the first medical school for women.1.Why couldnt Elizabeth Blackwell realise her dream of becoming a surgeon?A.She couldnt get admitted to the medical school.B.She decided to further her education in Paris.C.A serious eye problem stopped her.D.It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States.答案C解析细节理解题。第二段中的“Shewantedtobeasurgeon,butaseriouseyeproblemforcedhertogiveuptheidea.”她想成为一名外科医生,但严重的眼部疾病迫使她放弃了这个想法,选项C“严重的眼部疾病阻止了她”。切题,故选C项。2.What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeths chances of becoming a doctor?A.She was a woman.B.She wrote too many letters.C.She couldnt graduate from the medical school.D.She couldnt set up her hospital.答案A解析细节理解题。第三段中的“UponreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefounditdifficulttostartherownpracticebecauseshewasawoman.”回到美国后,她发现很难开始医生职业,因为她是一个女人。故选A项。3.According to the passage,all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell,except that she . A.became the first woman physicianB.was the first woman doctorC.and several other women founded the first hospital for women and childrenD.set up the first medical school for women答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知本题选B项。B(2019云南曲靖一中高一上学期期末)“Life is about daring to carry out your ideas,” said Italian mountaineer Reinhold Messner.One of the best-known living mountaineers,now 74,Messner became the first person to climb Mount Qomolangma alone and without the help of bottled oxygen(氧气) in 1980.He also became,in 1986,the first to reach the worlds 14 mountain tops of over 8,000 metres,again without bottled oxygen.Along the way,he has practiced a special style of mountaineering known as alpinism,in which climbers try to reach the top with as little material(材料) and outside help as possible.But it is an art that is increasingly getting lost todays climbers depend on Sherpas(local guides for climbers in the Himalayas) and ready-made routes to reach the top,Messner said.“The true alpinist doesnt want such help.He wants to go into the wild,” he said.His achievements have made him a great hero,butMessner says he has gotten into plenty of dangerous situations along the way too.“Around half of the top alpinists have died climbing,” he said.“Of course,if I turn back more often than the others,I can increase my chances of survival,” he added.“But if I hadnt been lucky a few times,I wouldnt be here.”Messner later moved on to different challenges(挑战),crossing the Gobi Desert and Antarctica.He is also a writer and was in Frankfurt to present his latest book,“Wild”,telling the true story of a 1916 Antarctic expedition(探险).Today,Messner spends his time making films and talks excitedly about his present one,which is set in Kenya,Africa,and tells the story of two climbers who run into trouble and are faced with life-changing situations.After a lifetime of following his next dream,he believes film-making will be his final project.“I was always at my best when I was learning,when I was curious(有求知欲的),” he said.4.What is special about true alpinists?A.They can reach the top quickly.B.They try to depend on themselves.C.They follow ready-made routes.D.They often work with local guides.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“alpinism,inwhichclimberstrytoreachthetopwithaslittlematerialandoutsidehelpaspossible.”和第六段的“Thetruealpinistdoesntwantsuchhelp.Hewantstogointothewild”可知真正的登山者尽量凭借自己的力量登上顶峰。故选B项。5.What helped Messner survive dangerous situations?A.Good luck.B.Belief.C.Good skills.D.Courage.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第九段的“ButifIhadntbeenluckyafewtimes,Iwouldntbehere.”可知梅斯纳认为自己可以幸存是因为他很幸运。故选A项。6.What does Messner tell us about the story of his new film?A.It is very interesting.B.It happens in Africa.C.It is based on his latest book.D.It records his true experiences.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的“Today,Messnerspendshistimemakingfilmsandtalksexcitedlyabouthispresentone,whichissetinKenya,Africa”可知梅斯纳的电影讲述发生在非洲肯尼亚的故事。故选B项。7.What is the text mainly about?A.A new film.B.A new book.C.A great alpinist.D.A great expedition.答案C解析主旨大意题。本文的每一段几乎都提到了ReinholdMessner,而他是一个伟大的登山者,故本文主要讲述了一个伟大登山者的故事。故选C项。四、七选五阅读理解HowtoTurnYourGoalsintoHabitsFirst we make our habits,then our habits make us.Its such a simple concept,yet its something we dont always do.I believe that having ONE goal to focus on is much more powerful than having many goals.By putting the belief into practice,I have achieved a lot of personal goals over time.1 My answer takes a little explaining.I try to turn my goals into habits,and in doing so,I put my goals on autopilot(自动化).Turning a goal into a habit means really focusing on it for at least a month.The more you can focus,the more itll be on autopilot.2 Youll still do it,but you only have to use minimal force to maintain it,and you can focus on your next goal or habit. Take my marathon goal as an example.I was just starting running and had the brilliant idea to run a marathon within a year.So that was my goal.3First,I had to make running a daily habit.Second,I had to report to people in order to have accountability(责任) so that I could not quit easily.I focused on the daily running habit for about a month,and didnt have any other goal or habit.When the running habit stuck,I started reporting to people I knew and blogging about my running every day. 4 I could focus on new goals without having to worry about the marathon.I still had to do the running,ofcourse,but it didnt require constant focus.Andeventually,I ran the first marathon in my life.I was able to achieve this because,all year long,I had daily running and accountability habits.5 so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year,I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals. A.I put my marathon goal on autopilot,B.At the beginning,it was very difficult for me to achieve this goal.C.But in order to achieve it,I broke it down into two habits.D.With this accountability,theres no way I could stop running.E.Once you put it on autopilot,you dont have to focus on it much.F.My readers asked me how I was able to achieve them while working on different projects.G.Once those two habits were established,my marathon goal was pretty much on autopilot.答案15 FECGA