2021_2021学年新教材高中英语UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATIONSectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures同步作业含解析新人教版必修第三册.docx

UNIT 4SPACE EXPLORATIONSectionDiscoveringUsefulStructures课后·训练提升一、单句语法填空1.You shouldnt miss the chance (go) abroad for further study. 答案:to go2.Do you have any letters (type)? 答案:to be typed3.(keep) healthy,he exercises every day. 答案:To keep4.She felt embarrassed (fail) the driving test. 答案:to fail5.Its good for you (read) aloud. 答案:to read6.Alice lay on the grass,(look) into the sky. 答案:looking7.(write) in simple English,the book is easy to understand. 答案:Written8.With so much work (do),well have to stay up. 答案:to do9.(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting experience. 答案:Travelling10.The teacher went into the classroom,(follow) by a group of students. 答案:followed二、完成句子1.每个人都感动得无以言表。Everybody was moved . 答案:beyond words2.把窗户关好,不然屋子里就太冷了。Shut the window, itll get too cold in here. 答案:otherwise3.因资金缺乏,他的计划失败。His plan failed money. 答案:for lack of4.我不明白她为何那么伤心。I couldnt why she was so sad. 答案:figure out5.为了找个更好的工作,他决定学一门外语。find a better job,he decided to study a foreign language. 答案:In order to三、阅读理解Life in space will certainly take some getting used to!But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possiblethe modules(舱) are roomy,bright,and kept at a constant 21.Its important the crew members are comfortable because theyll be busy aboard the station.In a typical workday,crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising,1.5 hours preparing and eating meals,and 8.5 hours sleeping.Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station:FoodCome mealtime,astronauts will have a special dining kitchen.Space food just keeps getting betterand more like food we enjoy here on Earth.In early space missions(任务),astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food that didnt require any preparation.But the space station is equipped with water,microwave ovens,and refrigerators,allowing the folks on board to eat more “normal” types of food,including fruit,vegetables,and ice cream!SleepEach crew member has a private room.With no gravity,theyll need to tie themselves to their beds,or they will float away!That might sound like a strange way to sleep,but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great!ExerciseYou might not think it,but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth.There is not much gravity in space.Astronauts dont stand up,sit down or walk in space,so their muscles and bones dont have to work muchand this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth.To fight this,astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes,rowing machines,and other equipment about two hours every day.ClothingAstronauts will have to wear special space suits while travelling aboard the U.S.shuttle or Russian rockets.But once theyre safe inside the space station,crew members can wear regular clothing.Of course,a specially designed,pressurized space suit is required for space walks.It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes.It can range from -84 in the shadow of the station to 121 in the hot sun.PersonalCleanlinessSimple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment.A little water doesnt flow in a stream.Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers,shampoo,and wash offthen a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water.And how do you go to the bathroom in space?With a special “air toilet” that uses flowing air instead of water to get rid of waste.1.The text is mainly about . A.ways to get used to life in spaceB.fun facts about life in spaceC.temperature changes in spaceD.a typical workday in space答案:B解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可知答案。2.What can we learn about space food from the text?A.Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.B.Astronauts eat only fruit,vegetables and ice cream now.C.Fresh food isnt available to astronauts in space.D.Space food is getting better now than before.答案:D解析:细节理解题。第二段第二句指出,太空食物越来越像我们在地球上所吃的食物,接着指出在过去宇航员只能吃冻干的食物,但现在能吃水果蔬菜等平常食物。由此判断,太空食物比过去好了。3.Why is exercise more important in space than on Earth?A.It can prevent muscle and bone loss.B.It can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.C.It can help astronauts spend their spare time happily.D.Astronauts lives are more important in space than on earth.答案:A解析:细节理解题。由第四段“theirmusclesandbonesdonthavetoworkmuchandthismuscleandbonelosscanbedangerousbackonEarth.”可知,由于太空无重力,人不用坐立行走,运动的机会极少,容易给人的肌肉及骨头造成危害,因此宇航员必须每天锻炼两小时。4.What can be learned from the paragraph “Clothing”?A.The temperature is quite different in different places in space.B.Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space.C.Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.D.Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“Itcanrangefrom-84intheshadowofthestationto121inthehotsun.”可知,太空中不同地方的温差是非常大的,故答案为A项。四、完形填空When I left my job in my late twenties to write a novel,I thought Id hit the jackpot(中头彩).No more forcing myself to be 1 at the early hours of the morning and worrying what to 2.I could stay in my pajamas(睡衣) until late afternoon and enjoy my coffee as I worked. But 20 novels later,I began to feel 3.It was just me,my work,and the 4.I spent hours looking 5 social media,wasting time instead of writing.I thought I was still 6 to everyone around me,but in fact I was more isolated(孤独的) than ever.As a result,I became 7 of going out in the world. To change this situation,I wanted to 8 from the life I had created for myself and have a 9 again.I briefly considered 10 an office,but I realised I would still be lonely.What I had in 11 was something Id had all those years agobig tables 12 with people I really liked. I phoned a friend who worked 13 too and asked if she would be 14in renting an office together.Shed been 15 just the same as I had,so she 16 at the chance.Others soon 17 our office and asked if they could 18. Now,there are nine of us here.Each of us has found that we are 19 than before and were needed by other people too.The loneliness has goneI finally feel like I 20 again. 1.A.aliveB.awakeC.afraidD.apart答案:B解析:根据设空处前文“Ileftmyjobinmylatetwentiestowriteanovel,IthoughtIdhitthejackpot.”及空后的“attheearlyhoursofthemorning”可知,作者离职后开始写小说,时间是自由的,故再也不用强迫自己早起。alive“活着的”;awake“醒着的”;afraid“害怕的”;apart“分离的”。故选B项。2.A.eatB.takeC.wearD.write答案:C解析:根据下一句的“Icouldstayinmypajamasuntillateafternoon”可知,作者离职后再也不必担心穿(wear)什么,可以一直穿着睡衣。故选C项。3.A.guiltyB.worriedC.excitedD.lonely答案:D解析:根据后文的“Iwasmoreisolatedthanever”可知,时间一长,作者开始感到孤独。guilty“内疚的,有罪的”;worried“担心的”;excited“兴奋的”;lonely“孤独的”。故选D项。4.A.newspaperB.InternetC.televisionD.magazine答案:B解析:根据下一句“Ispenthourslookingsocialmedia,wastingtimeinsteadofwriting.”可知,陪伴作者的只有工作和网络,故选B项。 5.A.throughB.forC.upD.into答案:A解析:根据设空处后的socialmedia和“wastingtimeinsteadofwriting”可知,作者长时间浏览社交媒体,故选A项。6.A.connectedB.reachedC.addictedD.contacted答案:A解析:根据上一句可知,作者浏览社交媒体,再根据该句末尾的“但是,事实上我比以往更孤独”可知,作者原以为自己通过浏览社交媒体跟大家仍然有联系。connect联系,连接,可与to搭配。reach“到达,伸手,与取得联系(尤指用电话)”,不与to搭配;beaddictedto“对上瘾/入迷”;contact“联系”,不与to搭配。故选A项。7.A.tiredB.proudC.fearfulD.fond答案:C解析:根据前文内容,尤其是“infactIwasmoreisolatedthanever”可知,作者感到很孤单,也就是与世界隔绝了,所以应该是害怕到外面的世界。be/becomefearfulof“害怕”。故选C项。8.A.put awayB.step awayC.give awayD.take away答案:B解析:putaway“把收起来”;stepaway“走出离开”;giveaway“赠送,泄露”;takeaway“带走”。根据前文的“goingoutintheworld”和“Tochangethissituation”可知,作者想要改变现状,因此作者想要从目前的生活中走出去。故选B项。9.A.scheduleB.ruleC.routineD.company答案:C解析:根据设空处下一个词again可知,作者要再做以前做过的事情。再根据下一句“Ibrieflyconsideredanoffice,butIrealisedIwouldstillbelonely.”可知,作者想要再次像以前在办公室里一样作息规律,按照惯例做事。故选C项。 10.A.runningB.orderingC.openingD.renting答案:D解析:run“经营,管理”;order“命令,订货,点餐”;open“打开,开业”;rent“租房,租用”。根据下一段中的“rentinganofficetogether”可知,作者是想要租一间办公室。故选D项。11.A.handB.mindC.troubleD.common答案:B解析:根据该段的“Iwanted”“Ibrieflyconsidered”“Irealised”可知,该段在表述作者的一些想法。故选B项。12.A.laidB.clearedC.bookedD.shared答案:D解析:此处是指作者想和喜欢的人共用桌子。故选D项。13.A.devotedlyB.regularlyC.at homeD.in groups答案:C解析:根据设空处后的too以及“ShedbeenjustthesameasIhad”可知,这个朋友的情况与作者一样,所以这个朋友与作者一样也是在家(athome)工作的。故选C项。 14.A.absorbed B.stuckC.buriedD.interested答案:D解析:根据语境可知,作者询问朋友是否有兴趣一起租用办公室。故选D项。15.A.feelingB.workingC.enjoyingD.learning答案:A解析:根据前后文可知,作者问了朋友之后,发现朋友跟自己内心的感受是一样的,觉得自己在家工作是孤独的。故选A项。16.A.jumpedB.wonderedC.startedD.laughed答案:A解析:根据该句的逻辑关系以及下一句中的ouroffice可知,作者的朋友欣然接受了这个机会,与作者一起租用了办公室。jumpat“迫不及待地接受,欣然接受(机会、建议等)”。故选A项。17.A.dreamed ofB.passed byC.heard aboutD.called for答案:C解析:dreamof“梦想”;passby“经过”;hearabout“听说,获悉”;callfor“需要,要求”。根据下一段的“Now,therearenineofushere.”可知,办公室里现在不止两个人,所以设空处的主语Others指的是作者的另一些朋友们,他们听说了“我们”的办公室,问“我们”他们能否也加入进来。故选C项。18.A.attendB.joinC.addD.admit答案:B解析:参考上题解析。19.A.happierB.kinderC.healthierD.nicer答案:A解析:根据该句中的“wereneededbyotherpeopletoo”及下一句中的“Thelonelinesshasgone”可知,以前的孤独感消失了,大家都比以前更开心(happier)。故选A项。20.A.suitB.smileC.relaxD.belong答案:D解析:根据前文的“wereneededbyotherpeopletoo”可知,大家一起租用办公室后,有了被人需要的感觉,再也不是孤独的了,所以像离职之前一样有了归属感。belong(在某个地方或某种情形中)能适应,感到自在。故选D项。