外研版初中英语时态及语法点归纳.docx
初中英语时态归纳复习一、大凡现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month），once a week，on Sundays，etc基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：amisarenot；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 don“t，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesn“t，同时还原行为动词。大凡疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首；用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。动词的第三人称单数变化1、大凡情况在词尾加-s2、以字母 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾加-es3、以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i 再加 es，以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 s4.分外变化have-has二、大凡过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month），in 1989，just now，at the ageof 5，one day，long longago，once upon a time，etc基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：waswerenot；在行为动词前加 didn“t，同时还原行为动词。大凡疑问句：was 或 were 放在句首；用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还还原行为动词。1 / 5 动词过去式的变化（1）规则变化1）大凡情况直接+ed 如：work-workedplay-played2）以 e 结尾的词只加-d如：live-liveddance-danced3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变 y 为 i 再加-ed 如：study-studied 以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 ed 如 play-played4)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，先将这个字母双写，再加-ed.如：stop-stoppedplan-planned 原行为动词。三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now，at this time，these days，etc基本结构：amisaredoing否定形式：amisarenotdoing大凡疑问句：把 be 动词放在句首动词-ing 的变形规则1）大凡情况直接加-ing。Playplayinglooklookinggogoing2）以不发音的e 结尾，去 e 加 ing。Writewritingcloseclosing3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加 ing。Swimswimmingputputtingrunrunning四、大凡将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes，by，the day after tomorrow，etc基本结构：amisaregoing todo；willshalldo 否定形式：amisarenotgoing todo；willshallnotdo2 / 5 大凡疑问句：be 放于句首；willshall 提到句首五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently，lately，since，for，in the past fewyears，yetetc基本结构：havehasdone否定形式：havehasnotdone大凡疑问句：havehas 放于句首规则动词的过去分词的构成规则同规则动词过去式变化(1)、大凡动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，将“y“变为“i“，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried ,(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped六、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是大凡过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：wasweredoing3 / 5 否定形式：waswerenotdoing大凡疑问句：把 was 或 were 放在句首动词-ing 的变形规则1）大凡情况直接加-ing。Playplayinglooklookinggogoing2）以不发音的e 结尾，去 e 加 ing。Writewritingtaketaking3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加 ing。Swimswimmingputputtingrunrunning动词复习多见动词的用法:一,后面只能跟 to 的动词有:1. want to do .I want to play the guitar.2. would like to do.I would like to have some noodles.3. ask sb .to do.Your mother asked me to tell you the good news.4. hope to do.We hope to pass the exam.二,后面只能跟 doing 的动词有:1. have fun doing.We have fun playing basketball.2. enjoy/finish doing.Do you enjoy watching TV?3. What /How about doing?What about going out now?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5. Thanks for doing .Thanks for helping me.(Thanks for your help).6.go shopping/swimming/fishing./.去购物/游泳/钓鱼7.do some reading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/4 / 5 8. spend (time/money) doing.I spent 10 yuan (in) buying this book.I spent 10yuan on this book.三,后面既可以跟 to 也可以跟 ing 的.1. like to do / like doing2. love to do/ love doing3. begin to do. /begin doing.4. start to do/ start doing.5. remember to do./ remember doing.6. forget to do./forget doing.7. stop to do./stop doing.四,后面只能跟动词原形的:1. Let . do2.make do.3. can / must 等情态动词后面只能跟动词原形.4.do/ dont/ does/ doesnt/ did/ didnt 等助动词的后面只能跟动词原形.5 / 5否定形式：waswerenotdoing大凡疑问句：把 was 或 were 放在句首动词-ing 的变形规则1）大凡情况直接加-ing。Playplayinglooklookinggogoing2）以不发音的e 结尾，去 e 加 ing。Writewritingtaketaking3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加 ing。Swimswimmingputputtingrunrunning动词复习多见动词的用法:一,后面只能跟 to 的动词有:1. want to do .I want to play the guitar.2. would like to do.I would like to have some noodles.3. ask sb .to do.Your mother asked me to tell you the good news.4. hope to do.We hope to pass the exam.二,后面只能跟 doing 的动词有:1. have fun doing.We have fun playing basketball.2. enjoy/finish doing.Do you enjoy watching TV?3. What /How about doing?What about going out now?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5. Thanks for doing .Thanks for helping me.(Thanks for your help).6.go shopping/swimming/fishing./.去购物/游泳/钓鱼7.do some reading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/4 / 5 8. spend (time/money) doing.I spent 10 yuan (in) buying this book.I spent 10yuan on this book.三,后面既可以跟 to 也可以跟 ing 的.1. like to do / like doing2. love to do/ love doing3. begin to do. /begin doing.4. start to do/ start doing.5. remember to do./ remember doing.6. forget to do./forget doing.7. stop to do./stop doing.四,后面只能跟动词原形的:1. Let . do2.make do.3. can / must 等情态动词后面只能跟动词原形.4.do/ dont/ does/ doesnt/ did/ didnt 等助动词的后面只能跟动词原形.5 / 5否定形式：waswerenotdoing大凡疑问句：把 was 或 were 放在句首动词-ing 的变形规则1）大凡情况直接加-ing。Playplayinglooklookinggogoing2）以不发音的e 结尾，去 e 加 ing。Writewritingtaketaking3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加 ing。Swimswimmingputputtingrunrunning动词复习多见动词的用法:一,后面只能跟 to 的动词有:1. want to do .I want to play the guitar.2. would like to do.I would like to have some noodles.3. ask sb .to do.Your mother asked me to tell you the good news.4. hope to do.We hope to pass the exam.二,后面只能跟 doing 的动词有:1. have fun doing.We have fun playing basketball.2. enjoy/finish doing.Do you enjoy watching TV?3. What /How about doing?What about going out now?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5. Thanks for doing .Thanks for helping me.(Thanks for your help).6.go shopping/swimming/fishing./.去购物/游泳/钓鱼7.do some reading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/4 / 5 8. spend (time/money) doing.I spent 10 yuan (in) buying this book.I spent 10yuan on this book.三,后面既可以跟 to 也可以跟 ing 的.1. like to do / like doing2. love to do/ love doing3. begin to do. /begin doing.4. start to do/ start doing.5. remember to do./ remember doing.6. forget to do./forget doing.7. stop to do./stop doing.四,后面只能跟动词原形的:1. Let . do2.make do.3. can / must 等情态动词后面只能跟动词原形.4.do/ dont/ does/ doesnt/ did/ didnt 等助动词的后面只能跟动词原形.5 / 5
