2022年中考英语专项名词专项讲解练习 .pdf

一、名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词，我们必须掌握名词的数、名词的格。可数名词1、可用 a/an 修饰可数名词单数，在元音音素开头的单词前用an. 如： a job a worker an apple an Englishman 2、复数的构成方法：（1）一般在可数名词后加s, 如： dog-dogs （2）以 s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es, 如： watch-watches,class-classes,box-boxes （3）以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词，变y 为 i 加 es, 如： country-countries, 注意： day-days boy-boys monkey-monkeys 元音字母 +y 结尾的名词直接加s. （4）以 o 结尾的名词，只有potato,tomato,hero,negro加 es 构成复数。注意： radio-radios photo-photos zoo-zoos piano-pianos （5）以 f fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为 v 再加 es。如： knife-knives wolf-wolves 3、单复数形式相同的词。Sheep-sheep fish-fish chinese-chinese Japanese-japanese 4、特殊变化的单词有：（1） tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese （2） man-men woman-women policeman-policemen 注意 :German( 德国人 )-Germans (3)child-children ox-oxen mouse-mice 5、常以复数形式出现的名词：people/police/clothes/trousers/glasses/cattle等，这些名词做主语时，应特别注意他们的谓语，用复数。如： several hundred police were on duty.几百个警察在执勤。My clothes are newer than yours.我的衣服比你的新。6、有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数，应特别加以记忆。如：no news is good news. 7、可用 how many,many,a few,few,a lot of,lots of,some,any等来修饰可数名词复数。不可数名词1、常见的不可数名词有：water rice fish meat等。特别记忆： medicine news work homework housework money chalk weather cotton wood等。2、不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：some bread is over there. 3、常用 how mach/much/a little/a lot of/some/any/等来修饰不可数名词。4、常用 a piece of/a cup of等来修饰不可数名词的量。如要表示“两片面包”这样的意义，bread 为不可数名词，不加s, 而 piece 则加 s，即 tow pieces of bread. 注意： three boxes of apples可数名词 Three bottles of water不可数名词例如： these two pieces of bread are over these. 名词的格1、名词所有格的构成方法，在名词的后加“，s”, 译为（的） . 如： tom-tom，s( 汤姆的 ) 2、若遇上以s 结尾的复数名词，则在s 后加“，”即可。如： teachers，day ,tow months，holidy(=tow-month holiday) 不以 s 结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加“，s” 。如： children，s day,women，s day 3、可用名词所有格表示地点如：my aunt，s home 我姑姑家At the tailor，s 在缝纫铺Go to the doctor，s 去医生家4、表示两人共同拥有，在最后一名词后加“，s” 。如： luck and lily，s room 露西和莉莉的房间5、掌握词组：a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩一可数名词的复数规则变化1.map_ girl_ pen_ bag_ car_ 2.bus_ brush_ watch_ box_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页3.baby_ city_ country_ 4.hero_ potato_zoo_tomato_ photo_ 5.knife_ leaf_wolf_wife_ life_ 二 可数名词复数不规则变化child_foot_ tooth_ mouse_ man_ 三国人单复数变化German_ Englishman_ Chinese_ 四单复数同形deer_ sheep_ yuan_ 中等题1.There are two_ over there. (watch) 2.I like taking _. (photo)3.l can see a _and two _ standing there. (man, woman)4.There are two baskets of_ on the floor. (apple)5.Look at those_. (child)6.He doesnt like these_. (glass)7.How many _can you see? (radio)8.There are more and more _ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)9.Give me some _, please. (water)含性别的复合名词1.There are twenty _ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 2._ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls students D.Girl s students可数名词复数不规则变化1. -What are these? -They are _. A. deers B. radios C. Radioes D.tomatos 2. How many _ are there in these _? A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes D.potatos,photoes 3. Mr. Chen has two _. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes 4. Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 5. Then the _ began to eat the green _ of young trees. A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs 国人复数变化专项1.I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Japanese B. American C. Chineses D. English 2. - Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, I m from _. A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D.American, America 3. A group of _are talking with two_ over there. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Frenchmen, Germen C. Frenchmen, German D. Frenchmanes, Germans 4. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some_ in Shantou. A. German, places of interest B. Germans, places of interests C. Germans, places of interest D. Germen, places of interest。5. Two _ and five _ are studying Chinese at Beijing University. A. German, English B. Germans, English C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen 复合名词1.The delicious dishes are cooked by _. A. women cookers B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers 2. Julie went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes. A. shoes store B. shoe s store C. shoe store D. shoes store 简单题精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页1.After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some _ in the mall nearby. (08上海 ) A. furniture B. chair C. table D. shelf 2.We haven t got much _ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07 上海 ) A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. biscuit 3.He knows _ Chinese and has _ Chinese friends. A. much, many B. many, much C. much, much D. many, many 4.I m thirsty. I think I ll buy some _.A. water B. bread C. eggs D. apples 5.-Would you like some _? -Oh, yes, just （只）a little. A. pears B. oranges C. milk D. grapes 6. Look ! There are some _on the floor. A child B boxes C water D girl 7. There are many _ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread 8. Don t hurry! We still h ave _ time left.A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 中等题1.Take some _ to school. It s so hot and you may feel thirsty.A. meat B. bread C. juice D. orange 2.We see many _ and _ on the hill. A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horses; sheep D. horse, sheeps 4. -Could I have something to eat? -Sure. Here s some . A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange D. Potato 2.There are _students playing in the playground. A. a great deal of B. a large amount of C. a large quantity of D. a number of 3. There is _milk and _apples in the fridge. Let s get some. A. little, a few B. little, few C. a little. few D. few. a little 不可数名词简单题1.I ve read _ sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 2.My teacher game me _. A. a good advice B. some good advices C. some good advice D. good advices 3.Usually, young people have black _ and old people have white _. A. hairs, ones B. hair, one C. hair, ones D. hairs, one 4.Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn t get _.A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleep D. most sleep 5.I think it is a wonderful _. A. work B. information C. idea D. news 6.Have you found some _ on the leaves? A. drops of water B. drops of waters C. drops water D. drop of waters 7. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 中等题1.How many _ did you have for breakfast? A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread 2.We are very happy with our _ in our studies. A. great progresses B. great progress C. many progress D. lot of progress 3.Please pass me _. I will correct them. A. the test paper B. some pieces of test paper C. the test papers D. some piece of test paper 4. I d like to have a glass of milk an d _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 5. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页抽象名词具体化1.They had _ climbing up to the top of the hill. A. good time B. the good time C. a good time D. good times 2.She has given us _. A. a great help B. many helps C. a large number of help D. a lot of help 3.I have to write _, but I have _ to write _. A. a paper, no paper, on B. paper, no paper, with C. a paper, not any papers, on D. a paper, not a paper, on 简单题4.This is _ room. A. Tom and Mary s B. Tom s and Mary s C. Tom s and Mary D. Tom and Mary 5._ mothers couldn t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu.A. Li Lei and Lucy s B. Li Lei s and Lucy s C. Li Lei and Lucy D. Li Lei and Lucy 6._ came to visit us this morning. A. My father friend B. friend of my father C. A friend of my fathersD. One of my father s friend7.It s only ten _ break. A. minutes B. minute sC. minutes D. minutes s 5. Tom won the boys _ race in our school sports meeting.A. 15000-metre B.15000-metres C.15000-metre s D.1500 meters 6. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my _. A. sister B. sister s C. sisterssD. sisters 7. You must finish the work in_. A. three weeks time B. three weeks time C. three week s time D. three-weeks time 8. - Whose room is this? - It s _. A. Li Ming B. Li Ming s C. Li Mings D. Li Mings 中等题3.Look at the shoes. They are my _.A. sister B. sisters C. sisterssD. sisters 4.This is _ room. Come in, please. A. John and Joan of B. John and Joan s C. John s and JoansD. John s and Joan3. We sell _ in our shop. A. woman and child s clothesB. women and children T shirts C. women s and children s jackets D. woman s and child s coats4. We had a good time during our _ holiday. A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two-week s D. two weeks 5. _ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily s C. Lucy s and Lily D. Lucy s and Lilys5.I like that son of _. A. John s sister B. John sister s C. John s sistersD. John s sisters 6.On _, all the children can play games all day. A. Children s Day B. Childrens Day C. The Children s Day D.children day 7.This is not my cap, but my _. A. brothers B. brother s C. brothers D. brother 4. Toms car is more beautiful than_. A. his brothers and sister B. his brother and sister C. his brothers and sisters D. his brothers and sisters 5. I ll go and call at _ right after school.A. the doctor B. the Smiths C. Smith D.my uncles精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页