2022年九年级英语上册重点语法归纳总结 .pdf
学习好资料欢迎下载九年级英语重点语法Unit 1 1. 动词不定式(1)做定语 后置The best way to learn English is reading aloud. The fastest way to travel is by plane (2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I need a pen to write with. I don t have a partner to practice English with. I need some paper to write on. I don t have a room to live in.2. 动名词(1)作主语(谓语为第三人称单数)Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little. 记流行歌曲的词也起作用。Swimming is good for our health. (2)作宾语在动词 (keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind) 后只用 ing 作宾语Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door? (3) 作定语I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets Unit 2 1. used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形 . 否定形式为 : didn t use to 或 use not to / usednt to 疑问形式为 : Did use to ? 或 Used to ? Eg. I used to be really quiet. I didn t use to like tests. Did you use to play the piano? Yes, I did./ No, I didn t. =Use you to play the piano? Yes, I use. / No, I use not. You used to be short, didn t you? Yes, I did./ No, I didn t. 2. wear 表示状态 . put on 表示动作 . dress + 人 给某人穿衣服 . 3. on the swim team on 是的成员 ,在供职 . 4. Don t you remember me? 否定疑问句 . Yes, I do. 不, 我记得 . No, I don t 是的 , 我不记得了 . 5. be terrified of 害怕的程度比be afraid of 深. 6. miss: 思念 , 想念例: I really miss the old days. 错过 , 未中 , 未赶上 , 未找到 . 例: I m sorry that you miss the bus. 7. no more (用在句中 )=not any more ( 用在句尾 ) 指次数 ; 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载no longer (用在句中 )=not any longer ( 用在句尾 ) 指时间 . 8. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot. 9. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与 can, be able to 连用 . 例: Can you afford a new car? His mother couldn t afford to pay for her child s education. 10. alone = by oneself 独自一人 . lonely 孤独的 , 寂寞的 . 11. in the last/past + 一段时间during the last/past + 一段时间与现在完成时连用. 12. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying ( 垂死的 ) Unit 4 宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词 + 主语 + 谓语构成常由下面的一些词引导:由 that 引导表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。由 if , whether 引导表示一般疑问意义( 带有是否、已否、对否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。由 连接代词、连接副词( 疑问词 ) 引导表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗?从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态( 一般过去时 , 过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?【重点语法】1. 情态动词表示推测:(1)must 常用于肯定句中,意为“准是、 一定” ,它表达的肯定程度最大,可以达到 100%。(2)could、might、may 的意思是 “可能、 也许” ,表示推测, 它们所表达的肯定程度较低,这三个词相比may 的可能性稍大一些;他们的肯定程度在20%至 80%。(3)cant 的意思之“不可能”,它相应的肯定形式是must;它的可能性为0% 。(4)must、could、might 和 can t 的后面可用一般现在时、现在进行时,表示对现在的动作、状态或正在进行的动作的推测。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载例: He might/could be playing basketball now. 他现在可能正在打篮球。Im sure that she cant stay at home.我确信她不在家。He must be walking in the garden. 他肯定在花园里散步。2. 现在完成时态 由 have/ has 过去分词 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果常与already, just , yet , ever, never 连用如: Have you finished your work yet?你完成了你的工作了吗? 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状态连用如:(for + 时间段, since + 时间点,或过去某一动作,以及 how long )注:非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词如: buy- have die- be dead join - be in borrow- keep leave- be away I have bought a pen.- I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.- The dog has been dead since last week. have (has) been to + 地点去过某地已经回来have (has) gone to + 地点去了某地没有回来have been in + 地点一直呆在某地没有离开过Unit 9 被动语态.被动语态的构成形式be+Vt.p.p. (一).语态是英语动词的一种形式,是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语语态分为主动语态 (active voice)和被动语态 (passive voice) 两种。主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者。如:1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school. 被动语态是表示主语是动作的承受者。2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall. (二)被动语态的基本时态变化在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be+Vtp.p.( 及物动词过去分词)。其中be 是变量,随时态的变化而变化;动词的过去分词是常量,永远不发生变化。当然,这只是指谓语部分而言。 be 动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词 (been)。 那么,下面我们来看看be 在各种时态中的变化形式:被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1)am/is/are+done(过去分词 )一般现在时2)has/have been done 现在完成时3)am/is/are being done 现在进行时4)was/were done 一般过去时5)had been done 过去完成时6)was/were being done 过去进行时7)shall/will be done 一般将来时8)should/would be done 过去将来时.一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:英语里被动语态的使用似乎比汉语要广泛。英语的被动语态常用在下列的场合:1)当我精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载们不知道动作的执行者的时候,如:1.Look!There s nothing here.Everything has been taken away. 2.My car has been moved! 2)当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候,如:I was born in 1960. 3)当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者的时候,如:She is liked by everybody. .特殊的被动结构1)带情态动词的被动结构:它的固定句式为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。也有个别带to的情态动词例外, 如: ought to 和 have to, 它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。例如:The debt must be paid off before next month 那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。2)带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态将这种主动态的句子完成被动态的句子,可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句子的主语,而将另一个宾语作为“保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。但有一点要说明,那就是,如果你选直接宾语作“主语”,有时要在被动态句子的“保留宾语”前加上合格的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式,即:我们可以说give sb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.sth;我们也可以说give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb。请看下面两种情况的对照:She sent me a novel on my birthday. I was sent a novel on my birthday. A novel was sent to me on my birthday. 3)关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态如果将带有复合宾语(既:宾语 +宾语补足语 )的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;而这时, 原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动语态句子的“主语补足语”了。The story made us laugh.(宾语补足语 ) We were made to laugh by the story.( 主语补足语 ) 4)在使役动词have,make,get 以及感官动词see ,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to 要省略, 但变为被动结构时,要加 to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 6)非谓语动词的被动语态。v+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。例 ,I don t like being laughed at in the public.There are two more trees to be planted. Unit 10 过去完成时一.过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。二.过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。He said he had been to Hainan before.他说他以前去过海南。三.过去完成时“过去的过去”的表现形式。1.可以用 by,before 等构成的短语来表示。eg:By the end of the match ,they had kicked two goals. 直到比赛结束的时候为止,他们踢进了两个球。We had reached the station before ten o clock. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载在十点钟以前,我们已经到达了车站。2.也可以用when, before,after 等引导的从句来表示。eg:When I got there,you had already started playing the match. 当我到那里时,你们已经开始比赛了。Wang Lin had mended the radio before his brother returned. 王林在他弟弟回来以前就已经把收音机修好了。3.通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。eg:He remembered that he had seen the book.他记得他曾读过这本书。He said he had handed in his composition. 他说他已经把作文上交了。We did as he had told us.我们按他说的做。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页